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REFERENCE BOOK 

OF 









CONTAINS A COMPLETE LIST OF 

PIIOVINCES COUNTIES, BARONIES, CITIES, 
PAKISHES AND VILLAGES, 

WITH THEIR JLOCATION, POPULATION, &c., &c. 



COMPLETE MAP OF IRELAND, SHOWING 
RAILROADS, POST ROADS, &c. 



ILLUSTRATED 



COMPILED FROM LATEST STATISTICS, AUTHENTIC 
INFORMATION, &c., BY 

JAMES MILLER. 



^^ 



'^ 



NEW YORK: 
COOKE & COBB, PUBLISHERS, 

30 & 32 Whitehall Street. 



1877. 

7r 



^^ . N 







Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1S77, by Jame:s Mii.i.kk, in the office of the 
Librarian of Congress at Washington. 






INTRODUCTION 



Ireland is a detached island of an oblong form; is situated 
between Latitude 51^, 26' and 55^, 21' North, and Longitude 5«, 
20' and 10^, 26' West ; separated fi^om England and Scotland by 
the Lisli Sea, and projects further AVest into the Atlantic Ocean 
than any other portion of Europe. 

The length from Northeast to Southwest (which is its greatest 
distance) exceeds 300 miles. Thb average breadth is about 180 
miles, and in several places less. 

It partakes largely of England's genial nature, and requires but 
common industry to make it extremely productive in all the com- 
forts of Hfe. 

Its estimated extent is about 40,000 square miles, and its shores 
show a continuous waved outline on the East coast, but deeply 
indented by numerous inlets on its other sides, with rock bound 
coasts North and West. Surface, mostly level or undulating. 
Most of its mountains, as the Wicklow and Mourne mountains, and 
those of Galway, Donegal, Mayo and Kerry, are in isolated groups 
towards the coasts and extremities of the Island, siu-rounding a 
central plain of Limestone formation, comprising a large extent of 
bog land, and traversed only by a few low hill ranges, and the 
Sliebhloom mountains. McGiUicuddy Eeeks, in Kerry, of which 
Carran Tual is the highest summit in Ireland, rises to 3,414 
feet above the sea. Granite, flanked by Silurian Strata forms the 
Wicklow. range of mountains on the East coast. The same primary 
Strata prevails in the Mourne mountains, and an extensive trap 



fonuation in Antrim of 800 square miles is succeeded by Clay 
and Slate on the West. Granite also appears in the Galway 
mountains, and Red Sandstone extensively prevails in Munster. 
The plain in the centre is fonned of mountain Limestone and 
contains 7 Cotxl districts ; the Leinster, or Castlecomer, the Sleeve 
Aada in Tipperary, the :Munster, Loch AUan, Monaghan and 
Tyrone, besides a small Coal field in County Antrim. The coal 
found South of Dublin is Anthi-acite ; that in the North is Bitumin- 
v^us. Copper and Lead are found in the Silurian and mountain 
Limestone. Chalk beds and Green Sand formations partially 
prevail, but no tertiary beds. 

The principal rivers are the Shannon, Suir, Liffey, Ban'ow, 
Blackwater, Nore, Bamfoyle, Boyne, Bandon, Slaney and Erne. 
The principal Lakes are Loughs, Neagh and Erne in Ulster, Loughs, 
Allen, Corrib, Mask and Deirgeash, in Connaught, and the famed 
Loughs of Kilku-ney in Munster, near the Southwest extremity of 
the island. The aggregate surface of these Loughs is estimated 
at 83G square miles ; Lough Strangford or Belfast Lough, Lough 
Foyle and Lough Swilly on the North and Northeast coasts are 
inlets of the sea, other principal inlets are CarHngford, Dundrum, 
Dundalk and Dubhn Bays on the East, and Bantry, Dunmanus, 
Tralee, Dingle, Galway, Clew, Blacksod, Killala, Shgo and Donegal 
Bays, mth the estuaries of the Shannon and Kenmare rivers on 
the West coast. Ireland is much indented by the sea, no locality 
being above 50 miles from the shore, and this conduces to the 
general mildness of its chmate. Mean Summer temperature, 
OO"^ G, mean Winter, 39^ 9 ; mean temperature of year, 49° 6. 
Annual fall of rain, 30 to 40 inches ; the greatest fall being in the 
South and Southwest. The Arbutus and the broad leaved Myrtle 
grows luxuriantly in some of the Southern Counties, and other 
plants of South Europe flourish, while Alpin plants of the extreme 
North of Europe are also found in some of the mountains. 
Nine-tenths of the lands were confiscated by the government of 
Cromwell and AViUlam the III. and bestowed on Enghsh pro- 



prietors, bj whose descendants the bulk of Irish property is 
still possessed. 

The wool produced in Ireland has been estimated to amount in 
annual value to £400,000 Sterling. Woolen stufts are made in 
centre of the Country, besides mixed stuffs and silks in Dublin, 
Waterford and other principal cities. The conversion of Grain 
into Flour and Meal has become an extensive business. The 
principal exports are raw products, such as Wheat, Oats^ Flour, 
Butter, Bacon, Beef, Eggs, AVool, Flax, Linen, Ore and Spirits ; 
Imports comprise Coal, Culm, Fish, Salt, Woolen and Cotton Yarn, 
Fabrics and colonial produce. Value of exports amount to about 
£22,000,000 Sterling Annually; of imports about £18,000,000 
Sterling, mostly to and from Liverpool, Bristol, Glasgow and other 
British ports. The principal commercial ports are Dubhn, Belfast, 
Limerick, Cork, Waterford and Londonderry. The Grand and 
Royal Canals with Railroads intersect Ireland throughout from 
East to AVest, and from North to South. The population of 
Ireland in 1871 was 5,412,377, distributed as follows : Leinster, 
1,457,635, Munster, 1,393,485, Ulster, 1,833,228, Connaught, 
846,213. The general valuation of houses and lands in Ireland 
in 1871 was £13,257,673. There were in the Workhouses 48,926 
persons, in Hospitals 2,894, and in pubhc Lunatic Asylums 7,116 ; 
there are 6,742 idiots, 9,763 lunatics, 81,000 paupers, 3,467 
convicted prisoners, of persons 100 years old and upwards there 
were in Leinster 27 men and 62 women, in Munster, 101 men 
and 187 women, in Ulster 92 men and 133 women, and in Connaught 
39 men and 83 women. 

The population is very uncertain, in consequence of the large 
immigration, together with variouji other causes, but at the present 
time the population may be estimated at 6,000,000— the census 
of 1871 giving 5,412,377. Ireland having less barren land than 
either Scotland or England has its advantage in being capable of 
abundant supphes to England. It is divided into four provinces, 
each province containing several Counties. The Parhament is now 



iuccrponitcd Nvitli tlie British, but they retain all theh- Law Courts 
and other establishmcutri for the distribution of Justice. 

Ireland has since the year 1800 been represented in the British 
House of Lords by twenty eight temi>oral and four spiritual peers ; 
(elected r..r Lii'e,) who take office in rotation, and since the Reform 
Act in the House of Commons, by 105 members ; two elected by 
each County, two by each of the cities, Dublin, Cork, Limerick, 
Belfast* Galway and Waterford, also Trinity CoUege, Dubhn ; and 
by each of twenty-tive other boroughs. 

The local government is vested in a Lord Lieutenant assisted by 
the Secretary for Ireland and a Privy Council nominated by the 
Cvawn, besides an indefinite number ; the Bishop of Meatli being 
always one, ex-officio. The Judicial power is with the Lord Chan- 
c(>llor, the Master of the Bolls and twelve Circuit Judges. 

In 18:M the religious denomination were, Roman Catholics 6,427, 
712 and Protestants of all Sects 1,300,220. The Protestants are 
mostly confined to Ulster and portions of Leinster The Protest- 
tant Church has two Archbishoprics (Dublin and Armagh) and 
ten Bishoprics.' The Roman Cathohc Church (unendowed) has 
four Archbishoprics and twenty five Bishoprics. 

The most important institutions for instruction are the University 
of Dubhn, Trinity College, the Queen's Colleges of Belfast, Galway 
and Cork, in connection with the Queen's University in Ireland, 
(Estabhshed in 1850,) the Roman Cathohc College of St. Patrick, 
I^Iaymooth College, St. Jarlaths, Tuam, Carlow, Armagh and 
Thurles, the Belfast Academical Institution, St. Kyran's, Kilkenny, 
C'lonegroves, County Clare, All-Hallows, Drumcondra, near Dublin, 
Missionary College, endowed Mercantile School, endowed Classical 
Schools, Parochial Schools, National Educational Schools, Church 
educational, Kildare Place Schools, Christian Brother Schools and 
Sunday Schools. The National Schools, aided by Parliament grants 
in 1851 of £1()4,577, amounted in 18(52 to 0,570, attended by 
978,320 children. 



Christianity was first introduced into Ireland in the year 432 
by St. Patrick ; from the eighth to the twelfth century the Country 
was a continual scene of warfare between the various Kings and 
their chiefs, and in the year 1174 Henry the VII. of England 
conquered the country, which he portioned out among his Anglo- 
Norman followers. 

During the reign of King John the division into Counties took 
place, and English laws and customs were then partially introduced, 
still the Irish continued to resist the government of Hemy the 
VII. James the I. and EHzabeth, by repeated rebellion and out- 
breaks ; the most important of these were in 1G41, 1698, 1798 and 
1848. 

In the year 1800 a union with Ireland and England took place ; 
in 1829 the Koman Catholic Emancipation Act was passed ; in 1832 
the Irish Reform Bill; in 1838 the Poor Law Bill; in 1844 the Irish 
repeal agitation was at its height ; in 1847 the great, famine took 
place in consequence of a failure in the potato crop ; in 1848 an 
insurrection of the people took place but was subdued ; in 1868 the 
disendowment of the estabhshed church took place ;« in 1870 the 
Land Bill was passed ; and in 1871 the Party Possession Act was 
passed. 

The great decrease of the population of Ireland consequent with 
the calamities of 1845, 1846 and 1847, has effected more than any- 
thing in showing • the result of those calamities before the mind 
forcibly. 

Taking periods of ten years, the Commissioners of Census gives 
us the following numbers, viz : 1811, 5,937,856 ; 1821, 6,801,827 ; 
1831,7,767,401; 1841,8,175,124; 1851,6,661,830; 1861,5,757,821; 
1871, 5,412,377 ; an increase of population until 1841 to 1845. 
Three years of a very meagre crop, (1845, 1846, 1847,) together 
with a very large Immigration is the cause of this large decrease 
in population. It is estimated that during the period from 1841 
to 1851 about 1,300,000 immigrated from Ireland, or about 130,000 
Annually. 



Population of Ireland at each Decennial Census, from 1821 to 

1S71. 

Males. Females. Total. Per Cent. 

IS-il 8,341,920 3,459,901 G,801,827 

1831 3,794,880 3,972,521 7,707,401 14.19 increase. 

1S41 4,019,570 4,155,548 8,175,124 5.25 

1851 3,212,523 3,301,755 0,574,278 19 . 58 decrease 

1801 2,839,370 2,901,597 5,798,907 11.79 

1871 2,038,741 2,773,030 5,412,377 0.72 

This table shows a steady decrease since 1841. 

Value of Land andBuildings is between £12,000,030 and £15,000, 
000 Sterling ; number of vessels employed in the fisheries, about 
14,000, manned by about 59,000 persons around the coasts where 
Herrings, Pilchards, Cod, Ling and Hake are among the most 
plentiful lish taken and in the estuaries where Salmon and Eels 
are abundant. But the salt fish consumed in the country is still 
imported, chiefly from Scotland and other places. Mineral pro- 
ducts comprise Marble of the finest quahty, Coal, Copper, Lead, 
Antimony, Manganese, Fullers Earth, Slate, and Peat from the 
bogs, which forms the principal fuel for fire and is of high import- 
ance omng to the general deficiency of timber. Manufactures 
consist of Paper, Glass, Tobacco, and especially Linen Goods, 
the chief seat of latter is Ulster. The Malt trade and distiUing 
of ^Miiskey are extensively carried on. 

The Province of Munster has 9 territorial Divisions, Counties 

and 3 Cities. 

The Province of Lister has 10 teiTitorial Divisions, 9 Counties 
and Carrickl'crgus. 

The Province of Connaught has territorial Divisions, 5 Counties 

and cme town. 

The Province of Leinster has 15 territorial Di^'isions, 12 Coun- 
ties, one town and two Cities. 



Territorial Divisions and Extent of each province and County. 



PEOVINCE OF MUNSTER. 









Total Area. 


Counties. Baronies. 


Parishes. 


Towns & Villages. 


Acres. 


Clare 11 


80 


728 


829,994 


Cork 23 


251 


6,515 


1,846,333 


Kerry 8 


87 


807 


1,186,126 


Limerick ... 13 


131 


2,759 


680,842 


Tipper ary. . :12 


193 


2,359 


1,061,731 


Waterford... 8 


82 
824 


1,525 


461,553 


Total... 75 


14,693 


6,064,579 



PROVINCE OF ULSTER. 



Counties. Baronies. 

Antrim 15 

Armagh. . . . 8 

Cavan 8 

Donegal. . . . 6 • 

Down 10 

Fermanagh. . . 8 
Londonderry. 6 
Monaghan ... 5 
Tyrone 4 

Total.... 70 







Total Area. 


Parishes. 


Towns & Villages. 


Acres. 


75 


1,908 


745,177 


28 


778 


328,076 


36 


502 


477,360 


51 V 


479 


1,193,443 


70 


2,211 


• 612,495 


23 


210 


457,195 


43 


1,559 


518,595 


23 


304 


319,757 


42 


710 


806,640 



390 



8,790 



5,475,458 



Territorial Divisions and Extent of each Province and County. 

PROVINCE OF CONNAUGHT. 

Total Area. 

Counties. Baronies. Parishes. Towns & Villages. Acres. 

Galwav 18 120 1,801 1,566,354 

Leitrim 5 17 451 392,363 

Mayo i) 73 848 363,882 

Roscommon. 9 58 768 607,691 

Sli-o 6 41 460 461,753 

Total 47 309 4,327 4,392,043 

PROVINCE OF LEINSTER. 

Total Area. 

Counties. Baronies. Parishes. ' Towns & Villages. Acres. 

Carlow 7 47 602 221,342 

Dublin 10 99 1,820 222,714 

Kildare 14 116 490 418,436 

Killcenny 11 140 ■ 628 508,811 

Kings 12 51 902 493,985 

Longford.:. . 6 26 364 269,409 

Loutli 6 64 728 201,434 

Meatli..:....18 146 464 579,899 

Queens 11 53 1,117 424,854 

\Vestmeath...l2 63 628 453,468 

Wexford 9 .144 2,392 576,588 

AVicklow 8 59 341 500,178 

Total 124 ' 1,008 1,476 4,871,118 



COLONIZATION 



OF 



IRELAND. 



Wesseling the latest editor of Diodorus, acknowledges he can- 
not account for Ireland being thus named instead of hriie, louernia, 
and Ier7iis. But Diodoeus who had penetrated far into the North 
of Europe, there first heard and has happily preserved the genuine 
name of our Isle, a name almost two thousand years old, and yet 
unaccountably passed over by all our antiquaries ; a name which 
removes every difficulty about the country designed by Diodorus. 
Tri, or as now written Uri in Irish, is the great Isle. In Teutonic 
Er-aii, contracted into Eri, is the farther Isle. It received this 
appellation from the Teutonic tribes, who then possessed Europe, 
and has been invariably used by them in every age. Here are the 
proofs : 
A. D. 

540. GiLDAS left the school of Iltutus in Wales and went to Iris. 
870. In Islands Landnamaboc, one of the oldest Islandic Sages, 

Ireland is named Ir-land. In King Alfred's Anglo Saxon 

translation of Orofius, Ireland is styled Ireland. 
891. Three Irishmen, says the Anglo Saxon Cliroiiicle, came in a 

boat from Yr-land. 
918. In the same record under this year our Isle has the same 

name : 
1048. In the same Chronicle, Harold flies to Yr-land. 
1105. Elnoth in his life of St. Cauute calls the Irish Iros. 
1141. Odericus Vitalis styles the Irish Irenses, and their country 

Ire-land. 



In AYoiniius's Runic Literature, the Irish alphabet is 
called Iraldnr The identity of Diodorus' /riswith the Iris, Ira, 
Iros, Ircjises, Ire and //- of the Gothic and Teutonic people, and 
that traced for above six hundred years clearly evinces .that this 
Greek Author has preserved the genuine and original name of our 
Isle. There are other proofs no doubt which have escaped the 
writers research as to the change of Iris into lerne, whoever is 
acquainted with the alteration of words by Greek dialects and the 
eifect of tlieir epenthesis and paragogiie will easily account for the 
mutation. 

If it be asked why this original name has been hitherto unnoticed, 
the answer seems to be, that antiquaries find it much easier to 
build systems on conjectures than to laboriously enquire after 
truth and certainty. 

The earliest notice in Roman writers of the name of Ireland 
(Hibernia) is in Julius Gesar and was given probably by him or 
his countrymen from its supposed coldness, for it was the practice 
of antiquity to give appellations to countries and people from their 
situation, productions, or some pecuharity. Strabo, who wrote long 
after CiESAR, describes Britain as frigid from its vicinity to the 
North, and Ireland as scarcely habitable from its coldness. 
Hibernia was then an appellation suitable to such conceptions. 

That the Romans had separate Maps of their whole Empire, 
and even of parts not under their dominion (as was the case of 
Ireland) has been shown. Whether Balbus's Commentai y con- 
taining the names of cities, rivers, promontories and tribes was 
ever published or at what time we are nowhere told. It is certain 
Marinus of Tyre, and Ptolemy the celebrated astronomer and 
geographer of Pelusium, obtained information of these and trans- 
mitted it to posterity. Ptolemy flourished A. D.' 150 ; it might 
therefore be expected that the names of i^laces in Ireland which he 
records would have been purely Celtic; this our native antiquaries 
positively deny, unless in a few instances. The country, particularly 
the maritime parts, Avas possessed at different times by such various 



tribes of foreigners, that we need not wonder at the instabihty 
and change of names in those distant ages. The Celts, however 
were the majority and preserved thek language. They adopted 
the religion and manners of these foreigners, causing a mixed sujjer- 
stition of Celtic and Scythic to spring up, which both British and 
Irish writers call, (but very improperly,) Druidic ; for the Druids 
were the Priests of the Celtes. On this distinction, and on this 
alone, rests the tnie and accurate explanation of the antiquities of 
Ireland. To establish this point it will therefore be necessary to 
detail with some minuteness the names and progress of the 
foreign colonies which arrived here. 

Camden is explicit that Ireland was originally peopled by 
Britons, but after, (from the revolutions arising in other countries,) 
Gauls, Germans and Spaniards were compelled to seek refuge 
here ; Spenser, who published his "View of Ireland," a few years 
after Camden, teUs us the Gauls were the first inhabitants of Britain 
and Ireland : that Gauls from Belgium and Celtica settled in the 
South, Scythians in the North, and Spaniards in the West of 
Ireland ; as to the latter, he doubts whether they were Gauls or 
of some other country. He is correct in making the Gauls or 
Celts the primeval j^ossessors of Britain and Ireland. But not so 
when he says the Gauls from Belgium were the same people. In 

the infancy of antiquarian disquisitions such errors are pardonable. 

« 
He confirms the Scythic derivation of the Irish by an ample com- 
parison of their customs and manners. 

C^SAR informs us that Gaul (or now France) was divided between 
three races of men, the Celts, Belgse and Aquitani, who differed in 
language, manners and laws. He confounds the Celtic and Belgic 
practices, calling them Druidic, and in this he has been but too 
closely followed by subsequent writers. The Celts having colonized 
Britain passed from thence into Ireland. Hear what a man of 
consummate abilities advances on this subject : without recurring, 
says he, to the authority of story, but rather diligently observing 
the law and course of nature, I conjecture that whatever is fabled 



of the Phooniciiins, Scythians, Biscayners, tic, of theii' first inhabit- 
ing Ireland, that the places nearest Carrickfergus were first 
peopled, and that by those who came from the parts of Scotland 
opposite thereto. He thinks the Britons might come from Holy- 
head or St. David's Head but that the primitive possessors arrived 
from Scotland, the passage being short and easily performed in the 
frailest boats. The almost identity of the Erse and Irish is com- 
plete evidence of the fact. The Irish are not descended from the 
Welsh Britons, because their dialect greatly deviates from the Irish ; 
insomuch that Lhuyd, Leibnitz and Rowlands acknowledge the 
Welsh to be but a secondary colony ; being Cimbri, Cumri or Ger- 
man Celts. The original Irish were then Celts, who about 300 
years before our era were distui'bed by the Fir-bolgs, or Belgse, a 
branch of the great Scythian Swarm. 

The Irish Fir-bolgs were Belgic men, Viri Belgici, or Belgse, 
from the Northern coast of Gaul. They possessed no incon- 
siderable portion of Britain before the arrival of the Eomans, and 
by Richard of Cirencester, are said to have come here a little 
before Ciesar's attempt on Britain. Ptolemy mentions the Menapii 
and Cauci in Ireland in the middle of the Second Century ; they 
must have come from Belgic Gaul and Germany, for we meet 
with no trace of them in Britain ; Menapia in Wales being founded 
by the Iri^h Menapii. This Teutonic people inhabited the sea 
coast of Wexford and Watcrford, and by the Irish are called Gar- 
mans or Germans. Our antiquaries assure us these Belgic tribes 
divided Ireland into five provinces, and particularly held Con- 
naught and gave it Kings to the end of the third Century. Num- 
berless places were called after them, and many families are derived 
from them : as the O'Beunachan's of Shgo, the O'Layns of Hymania : 
the Nials, McLaughlins and others are of Scandinavian ances- 
tors. LuuYD puts an end to all doubt as to the power of the 
BelgLG in this Isle, by exhibiting a long hst of words springing 
from the Teutonic and by adding : — ^We have no room for supposing, 
unless it be in a very few examples, that the Irish have borrowed 



these words from the Enghsh ; because they are extant in the 
old Irish MSS. written before the union of the two nations; and 
moreover, they have several hundred Teutonic words that are not 
at all in the English. 

The Picts, another Gothic or Teutonic people, early established 
themselves here as they had long before in Scotland. The same 
may be said of the Scots, both were Scythians and part of the 
Saxon nation ; which, in the middle of the fifth Century, as we 
learn from Stephen of Byzantium was seated on the Cimbric Cher- 
sonese. Part of this people settled in Norway, and from thence 
sent colonies to Scotland, where they were called Albin Scutes ; 
some came to Ireland and were named Irin Scutes. Hence 
SiDONius Appollinaris in the fifth Century, speaks of them as 
a kindred people, who united in pillaging the Roman provinces. 

It is conjectured, that the Scots came to our Isle two or three 
Centuries before the Nativity, and as to their name that seems 
not derived from a city or particular place, or ferocity or eminence 
in war, but from their original country, Scythia. Usher has 
shown that they were distinguished by this appellation from the 
third to the twelfth Century, and of course were the dominant 
people. After the settlement of the Balgge, Picts and Scots in 
Ireland, every gale wafted over innumerable hordes of Northern 
rovers, these the Irish called Fomora, from Fomoire, or Finnland. 
There is an isle in the Baltic on the coast of Holstein named 
Femera or Femeren, where probably some powerful piratical 
chief reigned, who united under his command Danish, Swedish, 
Finnish, lutish and Norwegian adventurers in predatory voyages, 
as was common in the middle ages, and which the words of 
OTlaherty seem to intimate. In the age of Tacitus, the Finns 
Vv^ere mere savages ; afterwards Fmnland contained six provinces 
and various tribes, and became, as we see, superior to their neigh- , 
bors. O 'Flaherty relates, that Tuathal, an Irish prince, married 
Bania the daughter of Scalius, King of Finnland, about A. D. 130. 
O'Brien remarks that Tuathal, after changed into Totliil, Tohill and 



Toole, was the same as Totila among the Goths, and that many 
(rothie names are to be found among the Scots or Irish; and 
O'Conor, from this marriage, concludes, that a clos3 intercourse was 
maintained with the nations bordering on the Baltic in the second 
Century. Howc^ver, the reigns of Tuathal and Scalius are ante- 
dated by some a<^es. So famous and respected ware the Finns in 
Ireland that the word Finn was used as an honorable addition to 
the names of princes, as Fiatach-Finn, Fiah Finnoladh, Finn-Nachta, 
etc. The districts seized by the Finns were named Bescha-na- 
Fene, and their monstrous stone monuments, Leabthachana 
Bhfeinne, the beds or tombs of the Fene or Finns. They had 
the Bhearla-na-Fene or Finnish dialect. 

The Irish intermarrying v/ith them, formed a militia to protect 
the coast against their marauding countrymen. This was the body 
of National forces, celebrated in Irish romantic history under the 
name of Fionn Eirionn, and led by the great Fin MacCumhalr. 
theii' general. It is pretended that the names of the stations and 
officers of this Finnish inilitia are still extant. Among the latter 
we fmd Oshen MacFinn, Fian MacFenrasse, Boge MacFinn, Eow 
MacFinn, and Rogsklaygh MacFinn. Camden informs us that the 
tales and songs concerning the giants Finn MacHuyle and Oshin 
MacOwen were popular among the Irish in his time. Let every 
reader apj^reciate the value of these traditions and also those in 
Mr. Macpherson's Ossian. 

Another colony of Northerns are recognized by our liistorians 
under the names of Tuatha de Danans, Danir, Dansfir or Danes; 
they came from Denmark. O'Flaherty saw no objection to this, 
but, that the name of Dane w.is not known until the sixth Century, 
however, as he well obsei'ves, like those of the Picts and Scots, 
the name might have been long known among the people of the 
North before the llomans became acquainted with it ; O'Flaherty 
allows they spoke the German or Teutonic and inhabited the cities 
Falia, Goria, Finnia and ^luria in the North of Germany. In the 
black book of Christ Church, Dublin, the arrival of the Danes 



liere, before the age of St. Patrick is recorded. O'Conor with the 
scantiness of information asserts that the Scandinavian tribes which 
infested Ireland were not distinguished by particular names. 
Bishop Nicholson said that he once designed to give the Easterlings 
or Ostmen a Chapter, but summing up the evidence he found they 
did not deserve such regard, but from the specimen here given, it 
will be seen that the labor of investigation and not materials were 



wanting. 



The Leathmannice or Lettmanni were anotner tribe settled 
here. They came from Letten, Letitia, or Lettenland, a part of 
Livonia. The name of the river running through Dublin is, 
in GiEAiDus Cambrensis, Avo/i Liff j in old records, Avene Liff, and 
Avon Liffy. Camden will have it to be the Libnius of Ptolemy, 
but Libnius is the bay of Sligo. Avon Leivi or Lifi is the river 
of the Leivi, a tribe adjoining the Lettmanni. Dublin, in Ptolemy, 
is called Eblana ; a true Teutonic name from Eb-land, as the sea 
at ebb-tide left uncovered a strand of eight thousand acres ; a 
sight very striking to the northerns. Dublin seems to have derived 
its name from Duflin, a town in Scandinavia ; its Irish name of 
Baileacleath, or the town of hurdles, is a hybrid compound of 
Irish and Gallic. 

The Martinei were a Belgic tribe probably from Martiniana in 
Zealand. O'Flaherty calls them the remains of the Belgse. 

Whether the Ostmanni or Ostmen, who ruled in Ireland, were 
a particular tribe or a general name, has been doubted. Snoero 
says they came from Sweden. Nicolson and Giealdus bring them 
from Norway. Murray denies their ever having left the Baltic, or 
invaded Ireland. This assertion is no proof, especially as remote 
tribes at this time came to Ireland. There were other Northern 
tribes; as the Gottiac, the GaiU and others arrived and obtained 
settlements here. 

This system of Northern colonization has been supported by 
domestic and other writers, and though these various tribes spoke 
a language radically the same, yet thev had different dialects which 



are distinctly noticed. Thus the Belgse used the Belgaid or 
Teutonic ; the Fene, the Bhearla-na-Fene; the Gaill, the Gaoileag ; 
the Saxons, the Sagsbhearla ; the Scots, the Scotbhea-rla ; and there 
soonis to have been a common language, made up of all, like the 
lingua Franca, and named Bhearla-na-Teibidh. Hence the Celtic 
became the most corrupt of any living language, and it is fortunate 
that it was not totally annihilated. Dr. O'Brien explains why it 
was not. "The Northern rovers, he says, always came in small 
bodies, and when landed were usually employed by one party 
of the natives against the other, by thus weakening both they 
were better able to establish themselves ; besides they carried no 
women in these expeditions, but procured wives from the natives, 
whereby they and their children insensibly lost their native lan- 
guage." And this he exemplifies in the case of the English who 
came over in small parties after the conquest of Ireland. 

In a word without indulging any idle or absurd hypothesis or 
conjecture, but taking the evidence of ancient writers as they fairly 
he before us, there are ample grounds for believing the first 
Northern invasion of this Isle was many ages before the incarnation. 
Ptolemy proves the existence of Gei'man tribes here in the second 
Century, and Latin poets and historians evince the connection 
between the Irish and Northerns to the end of the fourth Century. 
The author of the Eulogium particularly remarks the invitation of 
the Gothic nation of the Picts into Britain, by Gratian and Yalen- 
tinian, A. D., 38*2. Some time after Gratianus Municeps drove 
the Irish back to their country ; but on his death in A. D. 407 they 
returned and brought with them the Scots, Norwegians and 
Dacians or Danes and wasted Britain. Throughout the fifth 
Century lliey infested England, and about A, D. 450, the Anglo Sax- 
ons arrived in that Island. The perpetual wars excited by these 
foreigners was as subversive of literary repose as it was destructive 
of literary mem(n-inls, and Irish writers unanimously complain of 
the latter being lost in these convulsions. Very little can there- 
fore be expected previous to the ninth Century ; from that time the 



N ortherns themselves had some imperfect records of their achieve- 
ments, and partly supply the defects of our domestic annahsts. 
Thus the Icelandic chronicles have the names of Glromal in A. D. 890 ; 
of Murchard, about A. D. 962; of Conchobar in A. D. 1018, and of 
Dubnial and Kyriawal in the ninth Ceutuiy, as Kings of Ireland. 
But the most extraordinary omission of our historians is their not 
enquiring who Turges was, from whom descended, and when he 
flourished. Instead of these interesting facts we are amused with 
childish tales of his cruelty and amorous adventures. It would have 
been strange indeed of a leader who subdued the Irish, castellated 
and garrisoned their country, and with a triumphant army for many 
years held sovereign sway, should not have found one Scald to 
transmit liis name and actions to posterity. The Icelandic records 
introduce us to this celebrated chief, under the name of Thorgils. 
The Irish not using the letter " H," but as an aspirate, and dropping 
one where two consonants come together, make from Thorgil's 
Torgis, thus Torges or Torgesius, an Ostman, was bishop of 
Limerick, and Thorgils is, at present, in Norway pronounced Torges. 
HaraldHarfagre was monarch of Norway about A. D. 890; he gave 
to Thorgils and Fro the, (two of his sons,) a weU appointed fleet to 
plunder the coast of Scotland, Wales and Ireland. They landed 
in Dubhn and reduced it under their power ; Frotho was taken off 
by poison, but Thgrgis reigned long in that city, and at length fell 
by the machinations of the Irish. Thorgils was attended by 120 
ships and numerous forces ; the Northerns dispersed over our Isle, 
quickly flocked to his standard and recognized the son of the 
great Harald; for thirty years he possessed the sovereignty of 
Ireland. He built castles, forts and wards, cast up trenches, banks 
and ditches for safeguard and refuge, was enamoured with the fair 
daughter of O'Melaghlin, King of Meath, who agreeing to send 
his daughter to him, accompanied her with sixteen young men in 
female attire, who dispatched Thorgils" with their skenes — such is 
the Irish account. 



The intorviil between the Irish and Icehmdic accounts is 
j)robabty not very j^reat. 

Siu-h is tlie scheme of colonization concisely sketched out and 
now laid before the reader. It admits of enlargement even to 
lassitude. This scheme is founded on the sure basis of written 
authorities, and which, while it dispels the obscurity, casts *a steady 
liylit on every branch of Irish antiquities. 




ILLUSTRATIONS, 



' ABBEY AND CHUKCH OF AGHABOE. 



Agliaboe is situated in the Principalities of Ossory, which in- 
cluded the whole County of Kilkenny, called Lower Ossory, and a 
greater part of the County Queens, named upper Ossory, being co- 
extensive with the Bishop's jurisdiction at this day. Aghaboe 
Abbey was founded at end of the sixth Century. (See parish of 
Aghaboe.) 

A NOETHWEST VIEW OF THE ABBEY OF ATHASSEL. 



xithassel was founded by William Fitz Adelm de Burke about 
the year 1200, in the village of Athassel, three miles from Cashel, 
for- Cannons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine. The ruins 
of this Priory speak its former magnitude and splendor. The 
choir is forty-four feet by twenty-six. 

A SOUTHEAST VIEW OF THE ROCK OF CASHEL. 



Malachy O'Morgair, about 1135, erected at the Abbey of Saul, 
two stone roofed Ozyts, seven feet high, six long, and two and a 
half wide, with a small window at one side. But that of the great- 
est magnitude and best architecture is Cormac's Chapel at Cashel. 

CHAPEL AT HOLYCROSS. 



This Abbey is situated in the County of Tipperary, about two 
miles from Thurles Donagh. Carbragh O'Brien, King of Limerick, 
founded it in 1169 in honor of the Holy Cross, Saint Mary and 
Saint Benedict, for Monks of the Cistertian Order. 

OLD LEIGHLIN. 



Leighlin, or rather Lethglen, the half enclosed valley, is situated 
in the barony of Idrone and County Carlow, in a recess of the 
Slieumargah mountains. Monastic legends ascribe the foundation 
of the Church and Episcopal See of Leighhn to Saint Laferian, 
about 632. 



PLACES IN IRELAND: 

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. 



ACHILL ; or Eagle Island. -An island off the West Coast of 
Ireland, County Mayo. Circumference, about 30 miles. Area, 
35,283 acres. Population of parish, 6,392, mostly occupied in tish- 
ing. At its Northeast end is a Protestant Missionary estabhshment. 
Its west point forms Achill Head 2,222 feet in the elevation latitude 
53^ 59' North. Longitude, 10« 12' West Achill Beg is an island 
immediately South the foregoing. 

ACHONRY.— A parish of County Shgo, 15 miles South South- 
west of Shgo. Area, 60,896 acres. Population, 17,986. 

ADAMSTOWN. — A village and parish of AVexford County, and 
17^ miles West Northwest Wexford. Area of parish, 8,134 acres. 
Population, 2,037, Here the barn of ScuUabogue was burned during 
the rebellion of 1798, with a number of persons inside. 

AD ARE. — A decayed town and parish. County Limerick, on the 
Maig, 10 miles Southwest Limerick. Area of parish, 12,093 acres. 
Poi:)ulation of parish, 4,902 ; of town, 1,095. It has a long stone 
bridge, an old castle and some monastic remains. 

AGHABOE. — A parish in Leinster, Queens County, 11 miles 
Southwest Maryboro. Area, 18,702 acres. Population, 6,310. 
Formerly a Culdee establishment, and in earlj times the ecclesias- 
tical metropolis of the Ossory Territory. 

AGHADOE. — A parish of County Kerry, 27 mile^ Southwest 
Castlemaine. Area, 19,888 acres, including 1,200 of water. Pop- 
ulation, 4,897. The ruins of an ancient castle and the cathedral 
still remains. 

AGHRI^I ; or Aughrin. — A parish of County Galway 13 miles 
Northeast Loughrea. It is famous in British history for the great 
victory obtained here in 1691 hj the troops of William III. over 
those of James II. Area, 7,252 acres. Population, 2,127. 



AHASCKAGH. — A town and parish of County Galway, on the 
Ahascragh, 17 miles North Northeast Loughrea. Area, 17,305 
acres. Population of parish, 5,380 ; of town, 775. The town is 
neat and clean. 

AHOGILL. — A parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 3 miles South- 
west Ballymena. Area, 32,987 acres. Population 23,622. 

ALLEN. — (Bog of). — Is a coUective term applied to the bogs 
East of the Shannon in Kings County and Kildare, comprising 
in all about 238,500 acres, it consists of a series of contiguous mor- 
asses about 250 feet above the sea, and separated by ridges of dry 
ground, its East end (Clane Bog) being 17 miles West of Dublin. 
Average depth of peat 25 feet resting on clay and marl, it is traversed 
by the Grand canal, and in it the Barrow, Boyne and Brosna 
rivers have their sources. 

ALLEN. — A Lough, a lake of province Connaught, County 
Leitrim, 9 miles North of Carrick, 7 miles in length. North to 
South, by 1 to 3 miles in breadth, 144 feet above the sea. It is 
generally regarded as the source of the Shannon. The town 
Drumshambo is on its South shore. 

AMESTOWN.— A market viUage of County Waterford, lOi- 
miles Southwest Waterford, on a small bay. Population, 149. 

ANTRIM. — The Northeastmost County of Ireland, Province 
Ulster, having North the Atlantic ocean, East the North Channel, 
dividing it from Scotland South and West. The counties of Down 
and Londonderry and Southwest Lough Neagh, separating it from 
Counties Tyrone and Armagh. Area, 1,164 square miles, or 
745,177 square acres, of which 503,288 are arable, 176,335 unculti- 
vated, 10,358 in plantations, 1,908 in towns and 53,288 in water, 
including part of Lough Neagh. Inhabited houses in 1851,44,232. 
Population, 352,264. A tiiird part of the surface, near the coast, 
is mountainous and rises in some places to 1,600 feet in height in 
the Southwest. Much of the soil is boggy. Chief rivers : The 
Bann, forming the West and the Lagan the South boundary. The 
famous Giant's causeway is on the North Coast of tliis County. 
Property is in large estates, but farms are small. In 1841 the total 
number of farms was 23,526, and of these 6,855 measured from 1 
acre to 5 acres each, 4,220 from 15 to 30 acres each and 1,188 up- 
wards of 30 acres. Most of the inhabitants, especially about Bel- 
fast, are engaged in spinning hnen and cotton yarn, and in weaving. 
Salmon and other fisheries on the coast are important.- The county 



is sub-divided into 14 baronies and 94 parishes. Carrickfergiis 
is the Capitol, but the largest towns are Belfast, Lisburn and Bally- 
mena. This County returns two members to the House of Com- 
mons. 

ANTRIM. — An inland town and parish in County Antrim, 
on six mile water, near its mouth on Lough Neagh, on 
railroad, and 14 miles Northwest Belfast. Area of parish, 8,884 
acres. Population, 5,182 ; of the town, including Masserene, 2,645. 
It has two good streets, a church, several dissenting chapels, a 
Union workhouse, a Courthouse in wliich general and petty sessions 
are held, and numerous schools. Manufactures of linen, calico, 
hosiery, paper bleaching and malting are carried on here. Meal 
and malt are sent to Belfast by Lough Neagh and the Lagan, 
and by rail. Markets on Thursday, and fau's January 1st., 
May 12th., August 1st., and November 12th. Near it are Antrim 
Castle, the seat of Lord Masserene, Shane's Castle, the residence 
of Lord O'Neil and the O'Neil family, and one of the most perfect 
of the round towers of Ireland. 

ARDAGH. — A village and parish of County Longford, and 5i 
miles Southeast of town of Longford. Area of parish, 11,417 
acres. Population, 4,524 ; of village, 105. It has an old church, 
and was, until 1685, the seat of a bishopric ; now united to Tuam. 
There are four other parishes of the same name, as folloius : 4^ 
miles West Youghal, County Cork ; 5 miles West Raith Keale, 
County Limerick ; 2? miles West Southwest Ballin, County Mayo ; 
4i miles Northeast Nobber, County Meath. 

AROARA. — A town of Ulster County, and 15 miles Northwest 
Donegal, head of Lochrus Bay. Poj)ulation, 603. 

ARDBRACCAN.— A parish of County Meath, 2^ miles West 
Northwest Navan. Area, 6,491 square miles. Population, 4,596. 
Ardb House, the seat of the Bishop of Meath, is one of the finest 
Episcopal residences in Ireland. 

ARDEE, (Atherdee). — A town on the Dee, a municipal borough, 
town and parish of County Louth, Capitol Barony, on the Dee, 12 
miles Northwest Drogheda. Area of parish, 4,885 acres. Popu- 
lation of parish, 6,392 ; of town, 3,679. It consists mostly of 
wretched cabins, but has some good houses, two old castles, 
(one now a Courthouse), a church of the 13th century, a spacious 
Roman Catholic Chapel, Union workhouse, dispensary, several 
schools and at one end of the town is a remarkable mound called 



the Castle Guard. Corporation Revenue about £135 a year. Gen- 
eral sessions in Jp^nuary and June. Petty sessions weekly. It lias 
trade in malt and corn. Market Tuesda3^ Fairs, mostly for live 
stock, seven times a year. 

ARDFEHT. — A village and parish of Munster, County Kerry, 
near Ballyheigue Bay, four miles Northwest Tralee. Area, G,797 
acres. Population, 4,074; of village, 655. It was formerly a Bishop's 
see and an ancient parish ; its Cathedral is now the Parish Church. 

ARDFINNAN. — A village and parish of Munster, County Tip- 
perary, on the Suir, 6h miles Southwest Clonmel. Area of parish, 
1,813 acres. Population, 1,214. The ruins of a castle built by 
Prince John in 1184 are still to be seen. 

ARDGLASS. — A seaport town and parish; County Down, Ulster, 
situated on the Irish Sea, 6 miles Southeast Dounpatrick. Area 
of parish, 1,137 acres. Population 1,433 ; of town, 1,166. It 
stands on elevated ground between two hills, and has many new 
and handsome residences frequented by visitors during the bathing 
season. A castellated mansion of the Chief proprietor is erected 
on a range of w^hat were formerly spacious warehouses. This 
town having enjoyed a flourishing commerce during the Lancastrian 
dynasty. Trade now is principally in the herring and other fish- 
eries, and the export of corn. It belongs to the port of Kil- 
lougli, one mile Southeast and has an inner cove for vessels of 100 
tons, besides a large outer harbor for sliips of 500 tons, protected 
by a pier with a lighthouse at its extremity. Market, Thiu'sday, 
and fairs eight times anually. 

ARDMORE. — A seaport town and parish of Munster, County 
Waterford, on Ardmore Head, 4 miles Northeast Youghal. Area 
of parish, 24,215 acres. PoiDulation 8,737; of town, 716. The 
principal business of the place is fishing. In its churchyard is a 
well preserved round tower, and its ruined church, a dormitory, a 
well, and a greatly venerated stone, aU bear the name of St. Declan, 
reputed in early Christian times to have founded a monastery here. 

ARDNAGEEHY.— A parish of Munster, County Cork, 5^^ miles 
Southwest Rathcormack. Area, 16,335 acres. Population, 4,798. 

ARDNAGLASS BAY.— An inlet West Coast of Ireland, Con- 
naught, County Sligo. It extends inland for 6 miles, with an av- 
erage breadth of 2 miles. It receives the Owenbeg River, and 
its head is the town of Ballysadore. 



ARDNAEEE.— County Mayo is that part of the town of 
Ballina, East of the River Moy. 

ARDNURCHER; or Horsele.\p. — Is a parish of Westmeath 
and Kings Counties, Leinster, 4 miles West Northwest of Kilbeggan. 
Area, 12,012 acres. Population, 3,687. There are curious remains 
of an old castle here. 

ADRAHAN. — A parish of Connaught, County Galway, 7 miles 
North by West of Gort. Area, 17,984 acres. Population, 4,191. 

ARDREA. — (or Aedree.) Are two parishes of Leinster. One 
in County Queens, comprising part of tJie town of Moimtmelleck. 
Area, 7,726 acres. Population, 5,185 ; another in County Kildare, 
1 mile South of Athy. Area, 323 acres. Population, 205. 

ARDSTRAW. — A parish of Ulster, County Tyrone, comprising 
the town of Newtown Stewai-t, and villages of Ardstraw and Douglas 
Bridge. Area, 44,974 acres. Population, 17,384. Danish Forts and 
Antiques are very numerous in this parish. 

ARDTREA ; or Artrea. — A parish of Ulster, partly in County 
Tyrone; chiefly in County Londonderry and comprising part of 
the town of Moneymore. Area, 41,895 acres; of which 2,526 are 
water. Population, 25,546. 

ARIGAL. — Is a mountain in Ulster, County Donegal. It is 
situated Ih miles East of Guidore Bay. It is 2,462 feet in Height. 

ARIGNA. — Is a district of Connaught, County Roscommon. 
It is on the W^est side of Lough AUen, 9 miles North of Carrick. 
Coal and Iron are found but not in pajdng quantities. 

ARKLOW. — Is a Baron}-, situated in the Southeast of County 
AVicklow, Leinster; it includes nine parishes. The title is given to 
the House of Ormonde. Population, 25,263. Area 67,357 acres. 
Arklow, a parish and seaport town of Arldow barony, and the 
largest town in the County of Wickford. It is situated on the 
Ovoca River, near its mouth, in the Irish Sea. It is 13 miles South 
by East of Wicklow. Population of parish, 6,237; of town, 3,254. 
Area of parish, 8,127 acres.. The town is divided into two parts; 
an upper and lower town. The upper town has a very good main 
street, but the lower town is composed chiefly of fisher's huts. 
The principal buildings are the Church, Roman Cathohc and 
Methodist Chapels, Fever Hospital, Barrack on the site of an ancient 
castle and a bridge of nineteen arches over the Ovoca. It has 
numerous schools and a large number of boats are employed in 
hen-ing and oyster fishing, and although its harbor is shallow and 



impeded by a bar, it has some trade in exporting Corn, Copper Ore 
and Fisli; and in importing Coals and Provisions. There is a float- 
ing hght situated on the South end of Arldow bank. Latitude, 
52^ 42' North. Longitude, 5*^ 57' West. 

AEMAGH. — Is an inland county, Ulster; having on the North, 
Lough Neagh, East, the county Down, West, the Counties Tyrone 
and Monaghan and South, by Louth. Area, 328,076 acres; of 
v^hich 265,343 are arable and the rest is divided into plantations, 
towns, &c.. Population 196,085; occupying 35,197 housss. Ths 
country is flat, except in the Southwest where Slive Gallion rises to 
the height of 1,893 feet. The soil is fertile and well watered by the 
rivers ; Callan, Blackwater, Ban and Newry-water. Some large 
estates belong to the Church, Nobihty, &c., but, as a general thing 
the farms and properties are small. Average rent of land, 17 
shillings per acre. Weaving is often combined with agriculture — 
Linen being the staple manufacture. The county is divided into 8 
baronies and 28 parishes and parts of parishes. It returns two 
members to the House of Commons. 

ARMAGtH. — (The lofty field). Is a city and Parliamentary and 
municipal borough and parish near the River Callan and the Ulster 
Canal, 70 miles North by West from Dublin. Population, 12,654. 
Area, 4,607 acres. It is connected by the Ulster Railroad with 
Belfast. It is well built, cliiefly of red marble. The streets diverge 
from the Cathedral down the sides of the liill and are clean, weU 
lighted with gas and supplied with water. It has a Protestant 
Chapel of Ease, two Roman Catholic, two Methodist, one In- 
dependent and three Presbyterian Chapels, a County Court House, 
Prison, Infirmary, Lunatic Asylum, Grammer and various other 
Schools, five Banks, Tontine, News and Assembly Rooms, a Public 
Library with 14,000 volumes. Observatory with fine apparatus. 
Barrack for 800 men. Union Workhouse and a Pubhc Promenade, 
called the mall. The Archbishop's palace near the city is plain but 
elegant. A few years ago about £12,000 worth of brown Linens 
were sold weekly on an average at its linen hall, and the average 
weekly sales of yarn, was £3,500. Armagh returns one member to 
the House of Commons. Assizes and quarter sessions are held 
here, besides a Manorial Court by the Archbishop for pleas of £10 
and under. Tuesday is general Market day; Wednesday and Satur- 
day for grain. There are twelve Fairs held here Annually. The Dio- 
cese comprises 118 parishes, chiefly in the Counties of Armagh and 



6 



Louth. Episcopal Rovenue, (1833), £14,494. The Linen man- 
ufjxctories, to a large extent, are worked by steam, and in 1863, 1864 
and 1865 the demand for their productions was very large, but since 
that time it has gradually fallen off. 

ARRAN ISLES. — Is a sea-girt barony of County Galway, Con- 
naught, and consists of a group of small islands. Inishmorf, the 
largest and most Northerly, is situated in Latitude, 53^ 7' 38 '' 
North. Longitude, 9^ 42' 22'' West. There is a Lighthouse on 
this island. Area, 11,287 acres. Population, 3,000. The soil of 
this group is very fertile, but dry in summer. The chief products 
are. Potatoes, Rye, Oats, fresh and cured Fish and PuiHn's 
Feathers. Inishmore has many antiquities, and on its East coast 
is the village of Killeany. The islands give the title of Earl to the 
head of the Gore family. North Arran or Arranmore Island is 
pojoulated by 1,000 souls, employed in agriculture and fishing. 
Area 4,335 acres. The Lighthouse on this island exhibits a fixed 
hght. 

ARTHURSTOWN.— Is a hamlet and seaport town of Wexford 
County, Leinster, situated on the East shore of AVaterford Harbor, 
7 miles East by South of Waterford. Population, 285. It has a 
small dock attainable by vessels of 100 tons, and it is an out-port 
to Waterford; having a httle trade in the export of Fish and the 
import of Coal and Cuhn. 

ASKEATON. — Is a town and parish of Limerick County, Mun- 
ster, situated on the River Deel, two miles from its confluence with 
the Shannon and 17 miles West Southwest of Limerick. Area, 
6,521 acres. Population, 4,438 ; of town, 1,862. Its Parish Church 
was that of a Commandery of Knights Templars founded in 1298. 
It has a Royal Chapel, several Schools, the ruins of a Castle and of a 
Franciscan Monastery. The river is navigable up to the town for 
vessels of 60 tons. 

ATHBOY. — (The yellow ford), Is a town and parish of County 
Meath, Leinster, situated on the Athboy River, 6 miles Northwest 
Trim. Population, 5,365; of town 1,826. Area, 11,884 acres. It 
consists of a principal street, with a Church, Chapel, Session House, 
a large School House and a Widow's Alms House supported by the 
Earl of Darnly. 

ATHENRY. — Is a town and parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
it is situated 13 miles East of Galway. Area, 24,952. Population, 
5,988; of town 1,236. It is poor and dull, but is one of the oldest 



J 



towns in tlie county, and parts of its ancient walls, gates, &c., are 
still traceable. 

ATHLEAGUE. — Is a parish of Roscommon and Galway Coun- 
ties, Connaught. It is situated on the River Suck, which is here 
crossed by a series of bridges. It contains a small village of G31 
inhabitants. Area, 13,012 acres. Population, 5,087. 

ATHLONE. — (Ath-luan, ford of the moon). Is a fortified town 
and parHamentary borough and parish of County Westmeath, 
Leinster, and County Roscommon, Connaught. It is situated li 
miles South of Lough Ree and 70 miles AVest of Dubhn. Latitude, 
53^ 25^ 24." North. Longitude, 7^ 56,' 29" West. It contains 2 
parishes. St. Mary's or Athlone has an area of 11,456 acres. 
Population of the tovni 6,207. St. Peters on the right branch of the 
Shannon has an area of 7,617 acres. Population, 3,460. During the 
war with France it was defended Westward by works covering 15 
acres and had barracks for 1,500 men in its old and strong castle. 
The town is iU-built and inconvenient, and contains 2 parish Churches, 
various Chapels, a Court House, Bridewell, Union Workhouse and 
many Pubhc Schools; one endowed with 470 acres of land. In and 
near the town are various Distilleries, Breweries, Tanneries, Soap 
Works and Flour Mills. A brisk trade is carried on with Shannon 
Harbor and Limerick by Steamers, and with Dublin by Canal. 
This Town is the Military Headquarters for the West of Ireland 
and is mostly supported by the expenditure of the Garrison. 

ATHY.— (Athlegar, the Western ford,) is a Market Town of 
County Kildare, Leinster. It is situated on the Barrow River and 
on an arm of the Grand Canal, and on the Carlow Railroad 42^ miles 
Southwest of Dublin. It is the seat of the County Summer Assizes, 
and has trade in Corn, Butter and Malt with Dublin, New Rose 
and Waterford. It contains a Church, Parish and other Schools, 
Cavalry Barracks, a Court House, Union Work House, Fever Hos- 
pital, a Police Barrack in the remains of its ancient Castle, and 
near the Town is the County Jail. The Town stands partly in the 
two parishes of St. John and St. Michael, which have a united 
area of 422 acres. Population 9,396. Markets, Tuesday and 
Saturday ; Fairs, March 17, April 25, June 9, July 25, October 10 
and December 11. 

ATTYMASS.— (or Attimass), Is a parish of County Mayo, Con- 
naught. It is situated 3^ miles North Foxford. Area, 11,154 
acres. Population, 3,435. The soil is barren and marshy. 

8 



AUBURN.— Is a villago of County Westmeath, Leinster. It is 
supposed to have been the village of which Goldsmith wrote in his 
^'Deserted Village," it was originally call(3d Lishoy. It is situated 
near Lough Ree, G miles North of Athlone. 

AUGHALOO.— (or Aughloe), Is a Parish of County Tyi'one, 
Ulster. It contains the town of Caledon. Caledon Hill, the sea,t 
of the Earl of Caledon, is also here. Area, 19,583 acres. Popula- 
tion of Town, 9,8G7; of Parish, 8,821. 

AUGHAVAL.— (or OurxHEVAL), Is a Parish of County Mayo, 
Conuaught, and consists of the towns of Westport and Westport- 
Quay. Area, 33,G95 acres. Population, 13,441. The country is 
mostly mountainous and boggy. Population of Rural districts, 
8,529.^ 

AUGHAVEA. -Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster. It is 
situated 12 miles Northwest of Clones. Area, 17,142 acres. Pop- 
ulation, G,730. 

AUGHER. — Is a town of County Tyrone, Ulster. It is situated 
2 miles Northeast of Clogher. There is a castle of the same name 
here. Population, 753. 

AUGHMACART.— Is a parish of Queens County, Leinster. It 
is situated 4^- miles Southwest of Castle Durrow. Area, 9,G01 acres. 
Population, 3,Gr)7. 

AUGHNACLOY.— Is a small town of Tyrone County, Ulster, 
situated 11 miles North of Monaghan. It is in the parish of 
Carrateel. Population, 1,841. They have a market here every 
Wednesday. 

AUGHNAMULLEN. — Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster, 
and is situated 2^ miles South of Ballybay. Area, 30,710 acres, 
which includes numerous Loughs. Population, 18,219. 

AUGHNISH. — (or Aghnish), Is a parish of Donegal County, 
Ulster, and comprises part of the town of Ramelton. Population, 
4,974; mostly engaged in manufacturing Linen. Area, 9,195 acres. 

AUGHNISH. — Is a Village of Galway County, Connaught, and 
is situated on the South side of Galway Bay. Population, 312. 

BADONY. — (or Bodony), There are two parishes by this name, 
one, called the Lower, is situated in Tyrone County, Ulster, 4i miles 
East of Ne^vtown-Stcwart. Area, 47,920 acres. Population, 7,784. 
The other called the Upper, is situated 10 miles Northeast of 
Newtown-Stewart. Area, 38,208 acres. Population, 5,822. The 
Lower contains the village of Gortin. 



I 



BAGENBUN HEAD. — Is a cape at the entrance to Bannon 
Bay, in the County AVexford, Leinster. It was here that Earl 
Strongbow made his descent on Ireland in 1170. 

BAGNALSTO^^.— Is a Town of Carlow County, Leinster, and 
is situated 10 miles South of Carlow Town. It is on the river 
Barrow. Population, 2,225. Adjoining it are the mansions of 
Dunleckney and Bagnalstown. 

BAILIEBOBOUGH.— Is a town and parish of Cavan County, 
Ulster, and is situated 17 miles Southeast of Cavan at the head 
of the Blackwater River. The Castle of the same name is on the 
site of the ancient Castle of Tonregie. Area of Parish, 12,41(3 acres. 
Population of Parish, 6,984 ; of Town, 1,203. 

BALBRIGGAN. — Is a Maritime and Chapelry of Dubhn County, 
Leinster, parish of Bah'othery. It is a thriving town, and is situa- 
ted on the Irish Sea, 18i miles North Northeast of Dublin. Popu- 
lation, 2,959. It is a favorite watering place, and contains many 
handsome buildings. The harbor is protected by a Quay, on which 
there is a Lighthouse with a fixed hght. Latitude 56^, 36^,45", 
North. Longitude, 6°, 11 ^ West. 

BALL A. — Is a village of Mayo County, Connaught; situated 8 
miles Southeast of Castlebar. It contains about 600 inhabitants. 

BALLAGHADEBIN.— Is a town of County. Mayo, Connaught; 
situated near the Eiver Lung, and 30 miles East Northeast of 
Castlebar. Population, 1,342. There is a small Infantry Barrack 
here. 

BALLAGHMORE. — Is a village of Queens County, Leinster. 
It is near Roscrea, and contains the ruined Abbey of Monaincha 

BALLINA — Is a town of County Mayo, Connaught. It is 
situated on the left bank of the river Moy, 18 miles North Northeast 
of Castlebar. This is the third largest town of this county, and 
contains a large number of handsome public buildings and man- 
ufacturies. Population, 5,186, exclusive of Ardnaree. Its Salmon 
fishery ranks next in importance to that of the Bann. General 
Sessions in July ; Petty Sessions on Tuesday. Market day, Monday. 
Fairs, May 12 and August 12. 

BALLINABOY.— Is a Parish of County Cork, Munster, between 
the City of Cork and Kinsale, and comprises the villages of BaUina- 
hassig and BaUytrooleen. Area, 7,973 acres. Population, 2,749. 

BALLINACARRIG.— Is a parish of County Carlow, Leinster, 

10 



and situated 1^ miles South Southeast of Carlow. Area, 2,605 
acres. Population, 092. 

BALLINACAERIG.— Is a hamlet of County Cork, Munster, 
situated on the river, and 8 miles West of Baudon, with ruins of a 
Castle of the IGth century. 

BALLINACOURTY. — There are two parishes of this name ; the 
first is in County Galway, Connaught, at the head of Galway Bay, 
and the second is in County Kerry, Munster, on the North side of 
Dingle Bay, 10 miles Northeast of Dingle. Area, of first, 6,293 
acres. Population, 3,407. Area, of second, 5,318 acres. Popu- 
lation, 1,472. 

BALLINAHAGLISH. — There are two parishes by this name; 
one in County Mayo, Connaught, 2h miles South Southeast of Ballina 
on the Eiver Moy. Area, 12,659 acres. Population, 5,397; another, 
in County Kerry, Munster, situated 5 miles West of Tralee. Area, 
3,006 acres. Population, 2,147; comprises the villages of Chapel- 
town and Kilfinura. 

BALLINAHINCH. — Is the name of a barony, parish, domain, 
lake, river, seat and ruined castle of the district of Connemara, 
Connaught. The seat of the proprietor of the district is 37 miles 
North Northwest of Galway. The barony with an area of 191,433 
acres, comprises the mountain group of the " Twelve Pins " and 
the seaport of Clifden. Population, 33,465. Second, is a small 
town of County Down, Ulster; 10 miles East of Dromore. Popu- 
lation, 911. It comprises most of the Chapals and Schools of the 
parish MagheradroU. In June 1798 a battle was fought here 
between the Irish Insurgents and Royal Troops. 

BALLINAKILL. — Is a town of Queens County, Leinster, 11 
miles South of Maryboro. Population, 1,540. It has a handsome 
Church and Pioman Catholic Chapel, and remains of an old Castle. 

BALLINAMOEE.— Is a village of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
13 miles Northeast of Carrick. Population, 946. It has a Church, 
Pioman CathoHc and Methodist Chaj)els, a Session House and a 
Bride^^ eU. 

BALLINA^IUCK.— Is a village of County Longford, Leinster. 
It is situated 11 miles North Northeast of Longford. Here the 
Freiicli troops under Gen. Humbert, surrendered to the Enghsh 
troops Sept. 8th, 1798. 

BALLINASCREEN.— Is a parish of Londonderry County, 

11 



"Ulster, and is 8 miles West Southwest of Tobermore. Area, 32,492 
acres. Population, 8,384. 

BALLINASKELLIGS. — (or Ballinskelligs) Is a bay at the 
entrance between Hog Head on East, and Bolus Head on 
North, County Kerry, Munster. Breadth, 5 miles. 

BALLINASLOE. — ^Is a town of Counties, Galway and Eoscom- 
mon, Connaught. It is situated on the river Suck, 22 miles South 
of Koscommon. Population, 4,934. The Suck Biver divides it 
into two parts, connected across an Island by a causeway and 
two bridges. The town is very neatly built and has a curious 
church, and several fine buildings. The largest fair in Ireland for 
the sale of cattle and sheep is held here annually. About 50,000 
to 60,000 cattle, and from 6,000 to 7,000 sheep, are the average 
numbers sold at each fair. This is also a station of the Galway 
Mihtia. 

BALLINCALLA. — (or Ballinchola) Is a parish of Counties, 
Galway and Mayo, Connaught, 4 miles West Southwest of Ballin- 
robe. Area, 15,195 acres. Population, 2,165. 

BALLINCOLLIG.— Is a town of County Cork, Munster; situ- 
ated 5 miles West of Cork, on the Eiver Lee. Population, 1,287. 
There is a large Mihtary Barrack here. 

BALLINCUSLANE. — (or Ballycuslane) Is a parish of County 
Kerry, Munster; situated 10 miles Northwest of Mill Street. Area 
39,740 acres ; mostly mountainous. Population, 5,701. 

BALLINDERRY. — There are two parishes by this name; one in 
County Antrim, Ulster, 41- miles North of Moira. Area, 10,891 
acres. Population, 5,679. Another, in County Tyrone, Ulster, 4 miles 
Southeast of Moneymore. Area, 8,178 acres. Population, 1,189. 
The village by this name is in Wicklow County, Leinster, 2 miles 
Northwest Rathdrum. There is also a Hamlet and River by the 
same name. 

BALLINDOON. — ^Is a parish of Galway County, Connaught, 
and 45 miles Northwest of Galway. Area, 20,033 acres. Popula- 
tion, 5,615. 

BALLINGADDY. — ^Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
2^ miles East by South from Kilmallock. Population, 1,761. 

BALLINGARRY. — ^Is a town and parish of Limerick County, 
Munster, situated 17 miles Southwest of Limerick. Area of parish, 
17,737 acres. Population of parish, 8,679 ; of town, 1.690. There 

12 



are ancient ruins here. There is also a village and parish of the 
same name in County Tipperary, Munster, situated 20 miles North- 
east of Clonmel. Area of parish, 13,714 acres. Population of 
parish, 7,0G2 ; of town, 643 ; employed in the Slievedargy Coal 
Mine. Two other parishes of this name are in Counties, Limeiick 
and Tipperary. 

B A LLINL ANDERS and BALLINLOE.~Are two parishes of 
Ireland. The first is in County Cork, Munster, 5 miles West by 
South from Tallow ; the second is in County Limerick, Munster, 
10 miles East Southeast from Kilmallock. 

BALLINROBE. — Is a town and parish of County Mayo, Con- 
naught ; situated on the river Robe, 3 miles from its entrance into 
Lake Mask, and 16 miles South Southeast of Castlebar. Area 
of parish, 26,903 acres. Population of parish, 11,150 ; of 
town, 2,678. It is well built and contains many handsome build- 
ings. General Sessions in June and December; Petty Sessions and 
Market, Monday. Fairs, Whit Tuesday and December 5. 

BALLINTEMPLE.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, and 
situated 6 miles South Southwest of Cavan. Area, 10,658. 
Population, 5,341. 

BALLINTOBBER. — Is a village and parish of County Roscom- 
mon, Connaught, and 12 miles Northwest of Roscommon. It has 
the ruins of a fine Castle. Area, 6,352 acres. Population, 2,616. 
This is also the name of two baronies in the same County, and of 
a parish in County Mayo. 

BALLINTOGHER.— Is a township of County Sligo, Con- 
naught, and is 7 miles Southeast of Sligo. Population, 234. 

BALLINTOY. — Is a maritime village and parish of County 
Antrim, Ulster, and is 4 miles North of Ballycastle. Area, 12,654 
acres. Population, 4,816. 

BALLYBAY. — Is a town and parish of County Monaghan, 
Ulster, and is 8 miles South Southeast of Monaghan, on the 
road to Dubhn. Area, 3,641 acres. P( pulation of parish, 6,606 ; 
of town, 1,768. It is a thriving town, and has a Pubhc 
Library of about 1,000 volumes. 

BALLYBOFEY. — Is a town of County Donegal, Ulster, parish 
of Strtmorlar. It is situated on the river Finn, 14 miles West 
Southwest of Lifford. Population, 784. It has a Union Work- 
house and is the centre for the retail trade of the district about 
here. 



13 



BALLANBOY. — Is a parish of County Kings, Leiuster, and is 

10 miles Northeast of Birr. Area, 14,274 acres. Population, 
4,758. Market on Saturday. There are seven Annual Fau's held here. 

BALLYBUNNION.— Is a township of County Kerry, Munster, 
on the river Shannon, 17 miles North of Tralee. Population, 271. 
It is much resorted to for Sea-bathing, and near it are many 
Maritime Caves, one of which is from 70 to 80 feet in height. 

BAYLLYBUKLEY and BALL YCALLEN.— Are two parishes of 
Ireland. The former is in County Kings, Leinster, on the Grand 
Canal, 12 miles East Northeast of Philipstown. The latter is in 
County Kilkenny, Leinster, and 4i- miles West Southwest of 
Kilkenny. 

BALLYCASTLE. — Is a seaport town of County Antrim, Ulster ; 
situated in a bay opposite Rathlin Island, and 5 miles Southwest 
of Eairhead. Population, 1,697. It is a handsome and well built 
town and has many fine buildings, but is very quiet. There was 
£150,000 spent for the improvement of its ha rbor, which is now 
filled with sand. It has a small Linen manufactory, a Salmon 
fishery, and traffic in Rathhn Ponies. There is a maritime village 
of same name in County Mayo, Connaught, 31 miles North of 
Castlebar. Population, 798. It is a Coast Guard station and is 
resorted to for Sea-bathing. 

BALLYCLAEE.— Is a Market town of County Antrim, Ulster, 

11 miles North of Belfast. Population, 847. 
BALLYCONNELL.— Is a town of County SHgo, Connaught, 

9 miles Northwest of Sligo. Population, 553. There is a town 
of same name in County Cavan, Ulster, 13 miles Northwest of 
Cavan. Population, 387. 

BALLYCOTTON.— Is a bay and viUage of County Cork, 
Munster, and is situated 20 miles Southeast of Cork. Popu- 
lation, 449. 

BALLYEASTON.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, and 
its village is li miles North of Bally clare. Area of parish, 13,799 
acres. Population, 265. 

BALLYFIN. — Is a chapehy and a seat of the Pole family 4 
miles North of Maryborough. 

BALLYHAISE.— Is a town of County Cavan, Ulster, and is 4 
miles North Northeast of Cavan. Population, 704. 

BALLYHEIGH. — (or Ballyheigue). Is a parish and township 
of County Kerry, Munster, on Ballyheigh Bay, which is an inlet of 



14 



Tralee Bay, and is miles Northeast of Tralee. Area of parish, 
11,2G1 acres. Population, 4,795. 

BALLYJAMESDUFF.— Is a town of County Cavan, Ulster, 
and is 11 miles Southeast of Cavan. Population, 1,071. 

BALLYKEAU. -Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, and is 
3^ miles North Northwest of Porterhngton. Area, 12,201 acres. 
Population, 2,445. 

BALLYLONGFORD.~Is a town of County Kerry, Munster, and 
is 5 miles West Southwest of Tarbet, on the estuary of the Shannon 
river. In the vicinity are the ruins of Lislaghtin Abbey. 

BALLYLOUGHLOE.— Is a parish of County Westmeath, 
Leinster, and is 6 miles East of Athlone. Area, 13,577 acres. 
Population, 4,793. 

BALLYMACELLIGOTT and BALLYIVIYAECK.— Are two 
parishes. The first is in County Kerry, Munster, 5 miles South 
Southeast of Tralee. Area, 14,018 acres. Population, 4,058. 
The second is in County Tipperary, Munster, and is 4^^ miles East 
of Nenagh. Area, 9,713 acres. Population, 3,178. 

BALLYMAHON. — Is a town of County Longford, Leinster, 
parish of Shruel, and is on the river Inny, 11 miles South by East 
of Longford. Population, 1,220. It consists of one principal 
Street, and contains some fine buildings and a handsome Bridge of 
five arches. Quarter and Petty Sessions, and Weekly Market for 
Corn. Cattle Fair, May 11, and " other Fairs Ash Wednesday, 
August 11 and November 21. 

BALLYMOSCANLON.— Is a parish of County Louth, Leinster, 
and is 3 miles Northeast of Dundalk. Area, 15,997 acres. Popu* 
lation, G,674. This is a very handsome county. 

BxVLLYMENA. — Is a town of County Antrim, Ulster, on the 
river Braid, 21 miles Northwest of Carrickfergus. Population, 
0,009. This is a well built and handsome town, doing a brisk 
business, and has a good Market and other buildings. It exports 
Linen and Potatoes, and has numerous bleaching grounds and 
Mills of various kinds. General Sessions every June and January, 
alternately with BaUymoney. Petty Sessions on alternate Tues- 
days. ^Market, on Saturday for Linens ; and two other Markets 
weekly for Grain and Provisions. Fairs, July 26 and October 21. 

BALLYjMONEY.— Is a town and parish of County Antrim, 
I'lstfT, and is 17 miles Nortliwest of Ballymena. Area of parish, 
22,G7() acres. Population of parish, 11,727 ; of town, 2,490. It 



15 



is irregularly built on an eminence, and has a Town HaU, School 
House and various places of Worship and Public Buildings. Its 
principal trade is in Matting, Tallow, &c. Market on Thursday. 
Fairs, May 6, July 10 and October 10. There is a parish and town- 
ship of the same name in County Cork, Munster, which is 23^miles 
Southwest of Cork. Population of parish, 3,733. 

BALLYMORE. — There are several parishes and villages by this 
name. The first, in County Westmeath , Leinster, 13^ miles West 
Southwest of MuUingar. Population, 3,487. The second, in 
County Wexford, Leinster, and 15 miles North Northeast of Wex- 
ford. Population, 568. The thkd, in County Armagh, Ulster, and 
20 miles South Southwest of Armagh. Population, 11,520. The 
fourth, (Eustace,) is in County Kildare, Leinster, and is on the 
river Liffey, 19 miles Southwest of Dublin. Population, 2,219; 
of village, 936. 

BALLYMOTE.— Is a viUage of County Sligo, Ulster. Popu- 
lation, 839. It has a large Roman Catholic Church and ruins of a 
Castle built in 1300, and of a Franciscan Monastery. 

BALLYGOVEY. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, and 
is 6i miles North Northwest of Ballinrobe. Area, 27,622 acres. 
Population, 4,605. 

BALLYRAGGET.— Is a town of County Kilkenny, Leinster, 
parish of Donaghmore. It is situated on the river Nore, 10 miles 
North Northwest of Kilkenny. Population, 1,577. 

BALLYSADARE. — Is a thriving town and parish of County 
Sligo, Connaught, and is finely situated at the head of BaUysadare 
Bay, a branch of Sligo Bay. Area of parish, 16,025 acres. Popu- 
lation of parish, 7,822 ; of town, 869. The river here roUs over 
shelving rocks, turning several Mills, and at the foot of its lowest 
fall is a harbor with safe anchorage. 

BALLYSAX and BALLYSCULLION.— Are two parishes. 
The first is in County Kildare, Leinster, and 3 miles Southwest of 
KiscuUen Bridge. The second is in County Antrim, Ulster, and 4 
miles Northeast of Magherafelt. Area, 12,750 acres. Population, 
6,979. 

BALLYSHANNON.— Is a sea port town of County Donegal, 
Ulster, of which it is the principal town. It is situated on the 
river Erne at its mouth in Bally shannon Bay, 25 miles Northwest 
of Ennisknien. Population, 3,513. It consists of three steep and 
irregular streets on one side of the river, across which it com- 

16 



municates with the wretched suburb of Purt. There are several 
public buildings here and the iniins of the ancient Castle of the 
Earls of TyrconncU. The harbor is very poor. The only News- 
paper in the County is published here. 

BALLYTORE. — Is a town of County Kildare, Leinster; is 
11 miles South Southeast of Kildare. Population 441. Here 
Edward Bui-ke received the rudiments of his education. 

BALLYVOURNEY.— Is a parish of Coiinty Cork, Munster; its 
village is situated 7i miles West of Macroom. Area, 26,603 acres. 
Population, 4,466. 

BALLYWALTER and BALLYWILLIN.— Are two parishes. 
The first is in County Down, Ulster, with a maritime village 7 miles 
Southeast of Donaghadee. It has valuable Slate quarries. The 
second is in County Londenderry, Ulster, 3^ miles North Northeast 
of Coleraine. 

BALTIMORE. — Is a seaport town of County Cork, Munster; 
situated on a small bay of the Atlantic, 47 miles Southwest Cork, 
Latitude, 51^, 29', North. Longitude, 9^, 20', West. Population, 
168. It has a large coast trade. 

BALTINGLASS. — Is a town and parish of Counties, Wicklow 
and Carlow, Leinster. It is situated on the river Slaney, 12 miles 
Northeast of Carlow. Area of parish, 5,273 acres. Population of 
parish, 4,436 ; of town, 1,928. The town is very meanly built, 
has a Bridewell and Infirmary with some bleach fields, remains of 
an Abbey of the Twelfth century, and a castle of the Earl of 
Aldborough, chief proprietor. 

BANAGHER. — Is a town of County Kings, Leinster, parish of 
Reynagh. It is situated on the Shannon river which is here 
crossed by a bridge 400 feet long and guarded by batteries, and is 
21 miles West Southwest of TuUamore. Population, 2,827. It 
consists of one long street with some fine buildings. Market on 
Friday for Corn. Fairs, September 15 and three successive days, 
October 28 and November 8. There is a parish of same name in 
County Londonderry, Ulster ; 16 miles Southeast of London- 
derry. Area, 32,475 acres. Population, 5,810. 

BANBRIDGE. — Is a town of County Down, Ulster; parish of 
Seapatrick, on the river Bann, 7 miles Southwest of Dromore. 
Population, 3,324. The town is neat and thriving, and has a 
handsome new Church, several Dissenting Chapels, two Market 
Houses, and a Brown Linen Hall. This is the principle seat of the 

17 



Linen trade of the country and has extensive Cloth and Thread fac- 
tories, bleaching grounds, and Chemical Works. Market on Mon- 
day. Fairs, 17 times anually ; that on November 16th being a 
large Horse Fair. 

BANDON. — (or Bandonbridge). Is a town of County Cork 
Leinster, on the Bandon river, 15 miles Southwest of Cork. Pop- 
lation, 6,927. It occupies declevities on both sides of the river, and 
it has a number of pubhc buildings, Bandon returns one member 
to the House of Commons. Market on Saturday, Fairs, 15 times 
annually. Both markets and fairs are toll free. 

BANDON. — Is a river in County Cork, Leinster. It rises in the 
Cranberry Mountains, near Dunmanway, flows East to Innishannon 
and thence Southeast to the Atlantic Ocean, forming the harbor of 
Kinsale. Length, 40 miles; 15 miles of which it is navigable 
for vessels of 200 tons. 

BANGOR. — Is a seaport town and parish of County Down, 
Ulster ; is situated on Belfast Lough, 12 miles East Northeast of 
Belfast. Area, 17,027 acres. Population of parish, 10,060 ; of 
town, 3,116. The town is frequented as a bathing place. It con- 
tains various places of Worship, Savings Bank, Factories, &c. 
Market on Tuesdays Fairs, January 12, May 1, August 1 and 
November 22. Here was once a famous Monastery said to have 
been destroyed by the Danes in 820, and near the town is Bangor 
Castle, the seat of the Earl of Bangor, chief proprietor. 

BANNON. — Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster; is 18 
miles Southwest of Wexford on Ballyteigue Bay. Here was 
formerly a town of same name, but since the Seventeenth Cen- 
tury it has become totally covered with sand. 

BANN. — There are two rivers by this name in the North of 
Ireland, one flowing into and the other flowing out of Lough 
Neagh. 

The Upper Bann rises in the Mourne Mountains, flows through 
the Counties, Down and Armagh in a Northwesterly direction and 
joins Lough Neagh on the south side. It communicates with the 
Newry Canal. Banbridge, Gilford and Portadown are on its 
banks, and at the latter it becomes navigable for vessels of 60 tons. 

The Lower Bann issues from the North side of Lough Beg, 
flows North Northwest between the Counties Londonderry and 
Antrim and enters the Ocean 4 miles Southwest of Portrush 
after a course of 40 miles. Portslenone, Kikoa and Coleraine' 



18 



are on its banks, and though impeded by sand banks it is naviga- 
ble for vessels of 200 tons fi'om the sea to near the latter town. 
Its Sidmon and Eel fisheries are important. Bann is also the 
name of an affluent of the river Slancy, County AVexford, Leinster. 

BANTKY. — Is a seaport town of County Cork, Munster, parish 
of Kilmocoge, near the head of Bantry Ba}^, 44 miles West South- 
west of Cork. Latitude, 51^, 41' North. Longitude, 9°, 27' 
West. Population, 4,082. It has some trade. It is near Seacourt, 
seat of the Earl of Bantry. 

BANTRY BAY.— Is a large bay in the South of Ireland, County 
Cork, Munster, and is one of the finest harbors in Europe. It 
extends for 25 milc^s inland. There are some islands here, among 
which are Bear and Whiddy's Islands. There is from 20 to 40 
feet of water and the anchorage is good everywhere. 

BARRAGH. — Is a, parish of County Carlow, Leinster, 3 miles 
Northwest of ClonegaU. Area, 12,296 acres. Population, 3,742. 
Mount Leinster is 2,610 feet in elevation. 

BARROW (or Borragh.) — Is a river of Ireland, second in im- 
portance. It rises in the Shevebloom Mountains, Leinster, flows 
generally Southward, and after a course of about 90 miles joins 
the Suir. It divides the Counties, Kildare, Carlow and Wexford 
on the East from Counties, Kilkenny and Queens on the West. 
The towns Portarlington, Monasterevan, Athy, Carlow, Craig and 
New Ross are on its banks. It is navigable for large ships from 
the sea to Ross, and for barges to Athy 60 miles above its mouth, 
where it is joined by a branch of the Grand Canal. 

BEAR (or Bere) ISLAND.— Is a rocky Island of the West 
coast of Ireland, County Cork, Munster, in Bantry Bay, 13 miles 
West of Bantry. Length, 6 miles. Breadth, (average,) l^- miles. 
On it is the township of BallinacaUagh, and it shelters Bearhaven 
on the North side of the bay. 

BEGAN (or Bekan). — ^Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught ; 
is situated in the South of the barony of CosteUo. Area, 20,303 
acres. Population, 5,589. 

BECTIVE.— Is a parish of County IMeath, Leinster, and is 4 
miles Northeast of Trim. Area, 3,389 acres. Population, 602. 
The ruins of Bective Abbey, founded A. D. 1146, are here. 

BELFAST.— Two baronies of County Antrim, Ulster. (Upper 
and Lower). The upper barony extends to the Southeast ex- 

19 



tremity of the County. Area, 35,898 acres. Area of lower barony, 
56,993 acres. 

BELFAST. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough and 
seaport town of County Antrim, Ulster. It is situated at the 
head of Belfast Lough, where it receives the river Lagan, and 
is about 12 miles from the Irish Sea and 86 miles North North- 
east of Dubhn. Latitude 54° 36' 8'' North. Longitude 5° 55' 
53'' West. Population, about 100,000. The town is well built, 
paved, drained and lighteel, and is equaled by few other manufac- 
turing towns in the empire. There are many fine public builelings, 
and the city contains no less than 25 Churches of various denomi- 
nations. There are 10 Newspapers published in the borough. 
Belfast is the principal depot for the Linen trade, and is the chief 
seat of the Cotton manufactories of Irelanel. 

It has a large number of Linen and Cotton miUs, mostly worked 
by steam power; extensive Distilleries, Breweries, Foundries, Ship- 
yards, etc., and there are numerous large Bleaching grounds in the 
yicinity. The inland trade is greatly facilitated by a canal connect- 
ing the river Lagan with Lough Neagh, and by a raih'oad to 
Armagh 25 miles to the Southwest, and one to Antrim and Ean- 
dalstown on the Northwest. There is also regular communication 
by steamers to London, Glasgow, Liverpool and Dublm. Vessels 
drawing 15 feet approach the docks, but those of heavier draft dis- 
charge at Garmoyle, 4 miles below. Friday is market day. Fairs, 
August 12th, anel November 8th. General and petty sessions are 
held in the borough, which has a very fine pohce force. There are 
many handsome residences in the vicinity, among which is that of 
the Marquis of Donegal, who is lord of the manor. 

It returns two members to the House of Commons. The bor- 
ough was incorporated by James II. Belfast-Lough is an inlet of 
the North Channel, 12 miles in lenght Northeast to Southwest, and 
7i miles in width at its entrance. 

BALLAGHY. — There are two villages by this name. One in 
County Londonderry, Ulster; 6 miles North Northeast of Maghera- 
felt. Population, 739. Another, in County Sligo, Connaught, 7 
miles Northeast of Swineford. Population, 292. 

BELMULLET.— Is a small seaport town of County Mayo, 
Connaught, situated on Blacksod Bay, 11 miles West Northwest of 
Bangor. Population, 637. It is a thriving town and has a coast 
guard station. 

20 



BELTUKBET. — Is a municipal borough and market town of 
County Cavan, Ulster, and is 82- miles North Northwest of Cavan 
on the river Erne. Population, 2,070. It has an Alms House and 
ruins of an ancient stronghold. 

BENBUKB. — Is a village of County Tyrone, Ulster, and is on 
the Blackwater river, 5 miles Northwest of Armagh. Population^ 
330. It has a ruined Castle. Benburb Falls are here and are very 
picturesque. The river runs close by the old Castle and makes 
power for four large Mills, Linen Manufactory and Foundry on 
the County Armagh side of the river. 

BENNABEOLA (Twelve Pins of,) — Are a group of mountains of 
County Galway, Connaught. Bencorr and Benbaun are the two 
loftiest, being 2,336 and 2,395 feet above the sea. 

BETAGSTOWN.— Is a village of County Meath, Leinster ; 
is situated on the coast 3 miles East Southeast of Drogheda on the 
Dublin and Drogheda Railway. 

BILLY. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster ; is situated 8 
miles Northeast of Coleraine. Area, 17,330 acres. Population, 
7,277. 

BINGHAMSTOWN (or Saleen).— Is a maritime village of 
County Mayo, Connaught, on the West side of Blackwater Bay, 
22- miles South Southwest of Belmullet. Population, 436. 

BIRK (or Parsonstown). — Is a market town of County Dublin, 
Leinster ; it is 62 ^ miles West Southwest of Dublin. Population, 
5,540. It is a well built town. A Castle belonging to the Earl of 
Eosse is here. It was known under the name of Biorra in the 6th 
Ccntuiy, and in the 9th was a stronghold of the O'Carrols. In 
1620, Sir W. Parsons, ancestor of Lord Rosse, received a grant of 
the town and adjoining estate from James I. 

BLACKHEAD. — There are two capes of this name. One in 
County Antrim, Ulster, on the North entrance to Belfast Lough. 
Latitude, 54^, 46' North. Longitude, S'^, 42' West. Another in 
County Clare, Munster, on the South side of Galway Bay. Lati- 
tude, 53°, 9' North. Longitude, 9°, 16' AVest. 
BLACK PiIVER.— Is a tributary to the river Suir 
BLACK BOCK. — Is a to^vn of County Dublin, Leinster, 4 
miles Southeast of Dublin, on the Dubhn and Kingstown Raikoad, 
and on the South shore of Dubhn Bay. Population, 2,372. It is 
a place of resort for sea bathing. There are also several villagea 

21 



by this name. One in County Louth, Leinster, at the head of a 
small bay and 2^ miles Southeast of Dundalk. Population, 507; 
another in County Cork, Munster, 3 miles East of Cork, on a 
branch of the Lee. Population, 303. It has many handsome 
villas, among which is Castle Mahon, the residence of Lady Chat- 
terton ; a Nunnery, Blackrock Castle and many other antique 
edifices. 

BLACK SOD BAY. — Is situated on the coast of County Mayo, 
Connaiight. Latitude of entrance, 54^, 5' North. Longitude, 
10^ West. 

BLACKSTAIRS. — Is a mountain range, and is part of the 
boundary between Counties, Carlow and Wexford. Mt. Leinster, 
2,610 feet in height, is the highest peak. 

BLACKWATER. — There are two rivers by this name. One 
rises in County Cork, Munster, about 16 miles Northeast of Kil- 
larney, flows Southward and enters the sea at Youghal. Length 
estimated to be 100 miles. The tide rises to Cappoquin, to where 
it is navigable. Mallow, Fermoy, Lismore and Youghal are on its 
banks. The other rises in Counties, Tyrone and Armagh, Ulster, 
and empties into Lough Neagh. Caledon and Charlemont are 
the principal towns on its banks. 

BLACKWATERTOWN.— Is a viUage of County Armagh, Ulster, 
on the Blackwater river, 2^ miles South Southwest of Moy. Pop- 
ulation, 369. There was a fort here famous in the time of O'Neill, 
in the 16th Century. 

BLARNEY. — Is a viUage of County Cork, Munster, 4 miles 
Northwest of Cork. Population, 253. The scenery here is con- 
sidered to be as fine as any in Ireland and has been rendered fam- 
;Ous in song. The town itself is of small account, the greater part 
being in ruins. In its Castle, formerly the property of the Earls 
of Clancarty, is reported to be the famous "Blarney Stone," the 
kissing of which is said to impart that peculiar style of speech 
called "blarney." Fairs, Easter Monday and Tuesda}^, June 5 and 
6, September 18 and November 11. 

BLASKET ISLANDS.— Are a group of rocky islands on the 
West coast of Ireland, County Kerry, Munster, at the entrance to 
Dingle Bay. 

BLENNEVILLE. — Is a small seaport town of -County Kerry, 
Munster, on Tralee Bay, li miles Southwest of Tralee. Popula- 
tion, 225. 



22 



BLESSINGTON. — Is a parish and market town of County 
AVicklow, Lcinster, 18 miles Southwest of DubUn. Area, 15,780 
acres. Population, 2,168 ; of town, 4G6. It is neatly built and 
has a commodious Church, Market House and Pohce Barrack. 
Weekly market on Fridays. Fail's, May 12, July 15 and Novem- 
ber 12. It gave the title of Earl to the Gardner family ; the widow 
of the last of whom was the weU-known authoress; the late Countess 
of Blessington. 

BLOODY FARELAND.— Is a promontory of County Donegal, 
Ulster, on its Northwest coast, 5 miles West Southwest of Innis- 
boffin. 

BOA ISLAND. — Is the largest island of Lough Erne, County 
Fermanagh, Ulster. Area, 1,400 acres. 

BOHEKMEEN.— Is a village of County Meath, Leinster, 4^ 
miles W^est Northwest of Navan, on the road to KeUs. Population, 
83L 

BOHOE. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 7i miles 
West Northwest of Inuoskillen. 

BOHOLA. — (or Bucholla). Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connaught, Gh miles Southeast of Foxford. Area, 8,674 acres. 
Poj^ulation, 4,301. 

BONMADNON. — (or Bunmahon). Is a maritime village of 
County W^aterford, Leinster. and 14 miles Southwest of Waterford 
at the mouth of the river Mahon. Population, 1,771. Near it are 
the Copper mines of Knockmahon. 

BOOTESTOWN.— Is a parish of County Dubhn, Leinster, 3^ 
miles Southeast of Dublin. Population, 3,318. 

BOBKIS. — (or Bureis-Idrone). Is a village of County Carlow, 
Leinster, 16 miles South of Carlow. Population, 950. In it is 
Borris Castle, the seat of Thomas Kavanagh, Esq. 

BORRIS in OSSORY. -Is a market town of County Queens, 
Lcinster, 7 miles East Southeast of Roscrea. Population, 821. 
It w^as formerly a military position of some strength, and has a 
neat Court House. 

BORRISLEAGH. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
3^ miles Southeast of Thuiies. Area, 10,940 acres. Population, 
3,372. 

BORRIS-O-KANE.— Is a town and parish of County Tipper- 
ary, Munster, 12 miles Southwest of Parsonstown. Area of parish 
5,128 acres. Population, 3,175; of town 1,625. 

23 



BOREIS-0-LEAGH.— Is a small town of County Tipperary, 
Munster, 6 miles South Southwest of Templemore. Population, 
1,438. 

BOWRNEY. — (or Bourchin) Is a parish of County Tippperary, 
Munster, 4 miles South by West of Boscrea. Area, 12,981 acres. 
Population, 4,620. 

BOVEVAGH.— Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, Ai 
miles North Northwest of Dungiven. Area, 19,636 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,174. 

BOYANxlGH (or Boyounach.) — Is a parish of County Galway, 
Connaught, 63 miles East Northeast of Danamore. Area, 15,832 
acres. Population, 5,288. 

BOYLE. — A barony of County Roscommon, Connaught, and 
recently divided in two parts — Boyle on the North and French 
Park on the South. Area, 94,283 acres; of which 65,137 are 
arable. There is Sandstone and Coal found in the North, and 
Sandstone in the South. There is also a town and parish in this 
barony situated on both sides of the river Boyle, and connected 
by a bridge 8 miles Northwest of Carrick-on-Shannon. Area of 
parish, 20,737 acres. Population, 12,591 ; of town, 3,235. Coarse 
Woolens are largely manufactured here. The Boyle River rises 
in Lough Gara, flows through Lough Key and minor Lakes, join- 
ing the Shannon river 1 mile Northwest of Canick after a course 
of 13 miles. 

BOYNE. — Is a river of Counties, Kildare, Kings, Meath and 
Louth, Leinster. It rises in the Bog of Allen near Carberry and 
empties into the Irish Sea about 4 miles below Drogheda. It is 
navigable for barges of 70 tons to Navau, 19 miles from the sea ; 
and at high water, for vessels of 200 tons to Drogheda, about 2f 
miles west of the last named town. A monument marks the spot 
where the forces of William III. on the first of July 1690, gained 
the victory over those of James II. so well known in British History, 
as the "Battle of the Boyne." 

BRANDON. — Is a mountain, headland, bay and village of Coun- 
ty Kerry, Munster. The mountain is 22 miles West of Tralee, 
is 3,126 feet in elevation and terminates Northeast in the head- 
land, which forms the western hmit of Brandon Bay, an arm of 
Tralee Bay. The village is on the West side of Brandon Bay, 10 
miles Northeast of Dingle. 

BRAY. — Is a maritime town and parish of Counties Dublin and 

24 



Wicklow, on the river Bray, 12 miles South Southeast of Dublin. 
Area of parish, 2,08G acres. Population, 3,326 ; of town, 3,169. 
The town is neatly built on both sides of the river which is here 
crossed by a bridge. It is a favorite summer resort for Sea- 
bathing. 

BRAYHEAD. — Is a promontory about li miles Southwest of 
the town, it is 807 feet above the sea. 

BREAFY.— (or Breaghwer.) Is a parish of County Mayo, Con- 
naught, 22- miles East Southeast of Castlebar. Area, 5,266 acres. 
Population, 2,452. 

BRIDE. — There are two rivers by this name. One rises in the 
Nagle Mountains, Counties, Cork and Wickford, Munster, and 
after an eastward course of 25 miles joins the Blackwater river 8 
miles north of Youghal. On it are the towns of Rathcormarck and 
Tallow. It is navigable for barges to Kintaloon. The other in 
County Cork, Munster, after a course of 11 miles, joins the Lee, 
6 miles West of Cork. 

BRIDES BAY, (St.)— Is an inlet of the Irish Sea in the west ex- 
tremity of County Pembroke. Ramsey and Skomer island are 
at its entrance and St. Davids and St. Brides are the principal 
towns on its shore. 

BRIDGETOAVN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster ; it is 
1 mile South of Castletown-Rothe. Area, 3,240 acres. Popula- 
tion, 993. 

BRIGHT. — ^Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 3 miles South 

Southeast of Downpatrick. Area, 5,334 acres. Pojjulation, 1,886. 

BRIGOWN. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 

15,221 acres. Population, 10,619. It comprises the town of 

Mitchelstown. 

BROADHAVEN.— Is a bay on the West coast of County Mayo, 
Connaught, between Benwee and Errishead and 11 miles Northw^est 
of Bangor. It is about 4 miles long. 

BROSNA. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster ; it is 8 miles 
East Southeast of Listowel. Area, 11,960 acres. Population, 
2,871. The Great and Little Brosna are two small rivers flowing 
into the Shannon, County Kings, Leinster. 

BROUGHSHANE.— Is a town of Coimty Antrim, Ulster ; it is 
3^ miles East Northeast of BaUymena. Population, 940. Fairs, 
June 17 and September 1. 

BROWNSTOWN.— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster ; it 

25 



is 5 miles South Southwest of Slane. Area, 1,199 acres. Popula- 
tion, 421. There is a quantity of Copper Ore found in this parish. 

BRUFF, — Is a town and parish of County Limerick, Munster ; 
it is 14i miles South Southeast of Limerick. Area of parish, 1,331 
acres. Population, 2,900 ; of town 1.393. It has a fine Church, 
large Roman Cathohc Chapel and ruins of an old Castle. There are 
four Fairs held here Annually. 

BRUREE. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 4 miles 
Northwest of Kilmalloch. Area, 3,210 acres. Population, 3,804, 
of which 703 are in the village. The Irish bards here held their 
half-yearly meetings untill 1746. There are four Faks held here 
annually. 

BUjMLIN. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Connaught. 
Area, 6,582 acres. Population, 5,257. It comprises a large part 
of Strokestown. 

BUNCRAUA. — Is a market town of County Donegal, Ulster; 
it is situated on Lough Swilly, 11 miles North Northwest of Lon- 
donderry. Poj^ulation, 961. It has a handsome Church and Bar- 
racks and is much resorted to for Sea-bathing. Its Castle was an 
old seat of the O'Donnells. 

BUNDORAU. — Is a maritime yillage and the principal watering 
place on the Northwest coast of Ireland, County Donegal, Ulster, 
on Donegal Bay, 4 miles Southwest of BaUey-Shannon. Popu- 
lation, 299. BuNDEOES is another village about 1 mile West South- 
west. 

BUNRATTY. — (Upper and Lower,) Are two baronies ; the 
Upper in County Clare, Munster, on Shannon river. The Lower 
in County Clare, Munster, 11 miles South Southeast of Clare. 
Area, 2,755 acres. Population, 1,320. It also contains a village, 
and an ancient Norman Castle of the 13th Century. 

BUOLICK. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 7 miles 
Southeast of Thiuies. Area, 7,116 acres. PojDulation, 2,660. 

BURGESS. — (or Burgessbeg) Is a parish of Tipperary, Mun- 
ster, 5i miles South Southwest of Nenagh. Area, 4,980 acres. 
Population, 2,782. 

BURRISHOOLE. — ^Is a maritime parish of County Mayo, Con- 
naught. Area, 55,240 acres. Population, 11,942. It comprises 
the town of Newport. 

BURT. — (Bert, or Birt.) Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 



26 



on Lougli Swill}^ G miles AVest Northwest of Londonderry- 
Area, 10,G73 acres. Population, 3,857. 

BUSHjMILLS. — Is a small town of County Antrim, Ulster, on 
the river Bush, 8 miles Northeast of Coleraine. Population, 788. 
It is a very neat town. 

BUTTEVANT.— Is a market town and parish of County Cork, 
INIunster The town is on the river Arobeg, 8^ miles West of Don- 
craile. Area of parish, 11,583 acres. Population, 1,042 ; of town, 
1,524. It was formerly enclosed by walls and it has the ruins 
of numerous ecclesiastical edifices, an old Castle and large Infantry 
Barracks. Fairs, March 27 and October 14. 

CABLE ISLAND. — Is a smaU Island in County Cork, Munster, 
on the Atlantic Ocean, 5 miles South Southwest of Youghal. 

CAHIK. — (or Caher. ) Is a parish and market town of County 
Tipperary, Munster, The town is on the river Suir, 97 miles South 
Southwest of Dublin. Population, 3,668. It is very neatly built 
and has a handsome Church and Roman Catholic Chapel, &c., and 
near the town are the ruins of an Abbey and an old Castle in good 
repair with a Park adjacent. Friday is market day. Fairs, May 26 
and 27, July 20, September 18 and 19 and December 7. There are 
also annual races. Area of the parish is 13,647 acres. Pop- 
ulation of same, 8,801. There ai*e, besides the above, two parishes 
of same name, as foUow^s: Count}' Kerry, Munster. Area, 19,110 
acres. Population, 6,315. It comprises the town of Cahirciveen, 
which was the bu^th place of the late Daniel O'ConneU. County 
Queens, Leinster If miles East Northeast of Borris-in- Ossory. 
Area, 1,826 acres. Population, 519. Also, two Islands, as follows : 
barony of Murrisk, County Mayo, Connaught, 4^ miles from the 
shore, and one in County Mayo, Connaught, 4i miles South of Clare 
Island. 

CAHIEAGH. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5 miles 
North of Skibbereen. Area, 23,516 acres. Population, 8,375. 

CAHIRCIVEEN.— (or Cahiesiveen). Isatownof County Kerry, 
Munster, 2^ miles East Northeast of Valentia. Population, 1,492. 
It is of recent origin and has some public buildings. 

CAHIRCONLISH.— Is a parish of County Limerick. Mun- 
ster ; it is 9 miles East Southeast of Limerick. Area, 8,173 acres. 
Population, 3,925. The Shannon Railroad passes within 2 miles of 
the village which contains 562 inhabitants. 

CAHIRCONREE.— Is a mountain in County Kerry, Munster, 

27 










iill. liiliS 



ii 






lii'i 1 1 



ilSi!!" 



!i i 






ll I! 



I 



1^^ I 






iiiiwiiiii 



iliiiiiiiiiilliii 



1,50G acres and a population of 1,052. The Lighthouse is on an 
abrupt cliff, 455 feet above the Sea. Latitude, 51^', 20' North. 
Longitude, 9°, 29' West. There is a ruined Castle and Church on 
the island, also a pier. 

CAPPAGH. — There are two parishes by this name. One in 
County Tyrone, Ulster, 5 miles North Northeast of Omagh. Area, 
37,G71 acres. Population, 13,330. The splendid demesne of 
Mountjoy forest is here. Another in County Limerick, Munster, 
2£ miles North Northeast of Eathkeale. Area, 1,268 acres. Popu- 
lation, 755. There is a Copper Mine at Cappagh Hill, 10 miles 
West of Skibbereen. There is also a smaU river and bog of 
County Galway, Connaught, which has the same name. 

CAPPAGHWHITE.— Is a town of County Tipperary, Munster ; 
it is 7 miles North of Tipperary. Population, 1,046. There are 
five Fairs held here annually. There are also Copper Mines in this 
vicinity. 

CAPPANACUSHY.— Are a group of islets at the head of the 
estuary and 3 miles West of Kenmore, County Kerry, Munster. 
On the mainland opposite, are the remains of Cappernacushy 
Castle. 

CAPPOQUIN.— Is a town of County Waterford, Munster, on 
the river Blackwater, 4 miles East Northeast of Lismore. Popu- 
lation, 2,343. Cappoquin House is the seat of Sir E. Kean, 
Baronet. 

CARDANGAN.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster. 
Area, 3,906 acres. Population, 3,088. It comprises part of the 
town of Tipperary. 

CARLINGFORD.— (or Carlinford) Is a petty maritime town and 
parish of County Louth, Leinster, on the South shore of Carling-. 
ford Bay, 10 miles East Northeast of Dundalk. Area, 24,050 acres. 
Population, 12,558 ; of town, 1,110. It is a miserable collection 
of cabins, whose inhabitants are mostly engaged in fishing. Mark- 
ets, Tuesday and Satui-day. Fair, October 10. Carlingfoed Bay, 
is an inlet of the Irish Sea, between Counties, Louth and Down ; 
it is 11 miles in length and connected to Lough Neagh by the 
Newry canal. There is a Lighthouse on an island at its mouth. 
Latitude, 54^, 1/ North. Longitude, 6°, 5' West. Carlingford 
mountains rise on the South side of the Bay, to the height of 
1,935 feet. 

CARLOW.— Is an inland County of Leinster. It is encircled 

29 • 



by Counties, Kildare, Wicklow, Wexford and Kilkenny. Area, 
221,342 acres, of whicli 185,000 acres are arable, and 31.000 acres 
are bog, mountain and waste land. Population, in 1851, 68,073. 
The surface is flat or generally undulating. The Barrow and Slaney 
are the principal rivers. Agriculture is very much advanced, 
and there are numerous Dairy farms. Average rent of land 15 
shillings per acre, bringing in an aggregate rental of about £150,000 
per annum. There are no important manufactures, but granite 
abounds throughout the County. The principal exports are Corn, 
Flour, Malt, Barley and Butter. There are 6 baronies and 50 
parishes in the diocese of Leighlin. The chief towns are Carlow 
and Old Leighlin. It sends two members to the House of Com- 
mons exclusive of its Capitol. 

CARLOW. — Is a parhamentary and municipal borough, town 
and parish of County Carlow, Leinster, at the confluence of the 
Barren and Barrow rivers, 44 miles South Southwest of Dubhn, 
to which it communicates by Railroad. Area of parish, 3,330 acres. 
Population, 9,901. Area of parhamentary borough, 572 acres. 
Population in 1851, 10,955. It is clean and well built and con- 
tains handsome buildings, both pubhc and private, it also has two 
handsome bridges. It exports Corn, Bacon and excellent Butter 
to Waterford by the river, and to Dubhn by the Grand canal. 
Markets for Produce, Mondays and Thursdays. Fairs, May 4, 
June 22, August 26 and November 8. County Assizes and Quarter 
and Petty Sessions are held, and a County Police force is stationed 
at Carlow. It sends one member to the House of Commons. 

CARMEN. — ^Is a township of County Kildare, Leinster, 9 miles 
East of Athy. There are diiiidical remains here. 

CARN. — ^Is a small market town of County Donegal, Ulster, 16 
miles North of Loniionderry. Population, 653. 

CARNE. — (or Carna) Are two parishes of Leinster. One in 
County Wexford, 3 miles South Southeast of Broadway. Area, 
1,963 acres. Population, 919. Another in County Kildare, 4 
miles East Southeast of Kildare. Area, 1,157 acres. Population, 
499. There is a hamlet by this name in County Mayo, Connaught, 

CARNE W. — Is a township and parish of County Wicklow, 
Leinster, 7 miles West of Gorey. Area of parish, 23,446 acres. 
Population, 7,205 ; of town, 979. The town is well built and con- 
tains the remains of a Castle. There are five Fairs held here 



30 



Aunuully. Near it is Coolatlin, the mansion of Earl Fitzwilliam, 
chief proprietor of this parish. 

CARNMONEY.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 6 miles 
North of Belfast. Area, 8,U37 acres. Population, 6,128. 

CARNSORE POINT.— Is a headland forming the Southeast 
extremity of the Irish mainland. County Wexford, Leinster, 12 
miles South Southeast of Wexford. 

CARRl — Is a barony of County Mayo, Connaught, running 
from the North Northeast to South Southwest. On its North 
boundary are Loughs, Cullen and Con ; and on its South, Loughs, 
Carra and Mask ; on the Southeast the ground is low and culti- 
vated ; and on the North it is moimtainous and moorland. The 
scenery is very picturesque. 

CARRAN-TUAL. — Is the highest mountain of Ireland. It is in 
County KciTy, Munster, in the range of the MacGrillicuddy Reeks, 
5 miles Southwest of Killarncy. Height, 3,414 feet. 

CARRENTED.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
13,432 acres. Population, 7,903. It includes the town of Augh- 
nacloy. 

CARRICK. — There are several parishes by this name in the 
Province of Leinster, as follows, viz : County Wexford, 2h miles 
West of Wexford ; Area, 3,009 acres. Population, 1251 ; County 
Kildare ; Area, 5,19G acres. Population, 552 ; County Westmeath ; 
Area, 2,957 acres. Population, 532 ; (or Carrickbagget,) County 
Louth ; Area, 826 acres. Population, 302. 

CARRICK.— (or Carrickahoolay) Is an old Tower of County 
Mayo, Connaught, 5 miles West Northwest of Newport. 

CxiRRICK. — (or Carrick-a-Rede) Is a Rock of County Antrim, 
Ulster, 2 miles West of Kenbane Head. 

CARRICKBEG. — (formerly CARRicKMACGRrFFiN) Is a town of 
County Waterford, Munster, 14 miles West ^^oi-thwest of Water- 
ford on the river Suir, here crossed by a bridge which connects it 
with Carrick-on-Suir. Population, 2,680. It contains the remains 
of a Castle of the 14th Centuiy. 

CARRICKFERGUS. — Is a parliamentary and municipal 
borough, market town and parish of County Antrim, Ulster, on 
Belfast Lough, 9 miles North Northeast of Belfast. Area of 
parish, 16,700 acres. Population, 8,488. The town which was 
formerly a stronghold has the remains of fortifications built in 1576. 
The houses arc mostly stone, but the streets are dull and dirty. 

31 



The parish Church having nobb monuments, including those of 
the Chichester family, communicated formerly by a still existing 
subteranean passage with a Monastery, on the site of which Sir 
Arthur Chichester erected the noble Castle of Joymount. Carrick- 
fergus Castle, built about 1128, is still used as an arsenal : there 
are other fine edifices. They have a good pier for vessels of 100 
tons, but trade is not good. There are some small manufactories 
of Linen and Cotton Fabrics here. Markets, Wednesday and 
Saturday. Fau-s, May 12 and November 1. This borough sends 
one member to the House of Commons. William the III. landed 
here in 1G90. In 1760 the town and Castle was taken by the 
French, who were soon driven away. 

CARRICKMACKOSS. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Monaghan, Ulster, on the road from Dublin to Londonderry, 12 
miles Southwest of Dunclalk. Area, 16,702 acres. Population, 
13,444 ; of town, 1,997. It is well built and has the largest Dis- 
tiller}^ in the district. There are five Fairs held here Annually. 
The ruins of a Castle built by the Earl of Essex, to whom the 
town was granted by Queen Elizabeth, and in the possession of 
whose family the estate remains, is in this town. 

CARRICK-ON-SHANNON.— Is a disfranchised borough and 
market town of County Leitrim, Connaught, on the river Shannon, 
19 miles North Northwest of Longford. Population, 1,984. It 
is ill-paved but has some handsome buildings. There are three 
Fairs held here Annually. 

CARRICK-ON-SUIR.— Is a market town and parish of County 
Tipperary, Munster, on the river Suir, which is here crossed by a 
bridge built in the 14th Century, it is 13 miles South of Clonmel. 
Area of parish, 2,426 acres. Population, 9,165 ; of town, 8,831. 
It was formerly enclosed by walls and contains a very antique 
Church, a fine Roman Cathohc Chapel and a Castle formerly belong- 
ing to the Ormonde family. Recent improvements in the river 
enable vessels of large tonnage to approach the town, which has 
an export trade in Corn and Cotton. Fau's, monthly. The 
country is fertile and well wooded. Curraghmore, the seat of the 
Marquis of Waterford, is about 4 miles South. 

CARRIG ALINE. — (or Beaver) Is a maritime parish of County 
Cork, Munster, 8 miles Southeast of Cork harbor. Area, 14,498 
acres. Population, 7,489 ; mostly employed in the Marble and 
Slate Quarries. The village, which is now unimportant, bid fair 

32 



once to be the rival of Cdrk through the instrumentality of the 
Earl of Cork. The jiictuiTsquc ruins of Carrigaline, a Castle of 
tlu; Desmonds, are here, also the remains of a religious house and 
a Danish Fort. Fairs, Easter Monday, Whitsunday, August 12 
and November 8. 

CAKRIGALLEN.— Is a barony of County Leitrim, Connaught. 
Area, Go, 501 acres. It is drained by an affluent of the river Erne. 
There is a parish of same name in County Leitrim, Connaught, 
11 miles East Northeast of Mohill. Area, 18,101 acres. Pojdu- 
lation, 8,100. There is some beautiful scenery in the vicinity. 

CAERIGDOWNAM.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. 
Area, 797 acres. Population, 245. 

CARRIGNAVAE. — (or Dunbolloge) Is a parish of County 
Cork, Munster, 5 miles North of Cork. Area, 16,783 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,269. 

CAREIG-O-GUNNELL.— (or Carrickaquicy) Is a village of 
County Limerick, Munster, 5 miles West Southwest of Limerick. 
Its ruined Castle on a lofty rock was formerly the stronghold of 
the O'Briens, Kings of Munster, but blown uj) at the siege of 
Limerick in 1691. 

CAERIGEOHANE.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, on 
the river Lee, 2 miles West of Cork. Area, 2,658 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,279. There are ruins of several Castles on this river. 

CAPiEIGTOHILL.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 3 
miles West of Middleton. Area, 10,319 acres. Population, 3,976; 
of village, 692. It has an ancient Cliurch, and in various parts of 
the parish are curious subteraneous chambers within circular 
intrenchments, called Danish Camps. There are five Fairs held 
here Annually. 

CAREIGAFOYLE.— Is a smaU island in the estuary of the 
Shannon river. County Kerry, Munster, 2 miles North of Bally- 
longford. It has a Castle, once the seat of the O'Connor-Kerry. 

CAER0W3I0RE.— Is a lake of County Mayo, Connaught, 4 
miles Northeast of TuUoghan Bay. It contains several islets and 
discharges itself by the river Munhin into the Owenmore. 

CARYSFORT. — (Macreddin or Moycredin) Is a disfi*ancliised 
borough of County Wicklow, Leinster, 5 miles Soutliv;-est of Rath- 
drum. It gives the title of Earl to the Proby family, in whose 
fine seat near the village is a curious ancient obelisk ; elevation 100 
feet. 



33 



CASHEEN BAY. — Is a bay in County Galway, Connaught, 
on the West side of the island Caromma ; it is easy of access, 
and has a depth of water for large ships. 

CASHEL. — Is a city and parliamentary and municipal borough 
of County Tipperary, Munster, 49 miles North Northeast of Cork, 
on the road to Dublin. Population of city in 1851, 4,793 ; of 
borough, 8,027. It is situated in the centre of a fine agricultural 
country at the foot of the Eock of Cashel, a limestone height, on 
the top of which is the most interesting assemblage of ruins in 
Ireland. The town is miserably built, with the exception of the 
principal streets, on which are some fine buildings, both public and 
private. Near the town is the remains of Hore Abbey and of a 
Dominican Priory. This is an Archbishop's See, now combined 
with the See of Waterford, where the diocesan resides. Markets, 
Wednesday and Saturday. Fairs, March 26, August 7 and on 
third Tuesday of each month. Donald O'Brien, King of 
Limerick, and his nobles, swore allegiance to Henry II. at 
Cashel in 1172. It is also the name of a parish of County Long- 
ford, Leinster, 5 miles South of Lanesborough. Area, including 
Loughs, 22,151 acres. Population, 5,559. 

CASTLEBAR. — (or Aglish) Is a disfranchised parliamentary 
and municipal borough, town and parish of County Mayo, Con- 
naught, on the river Castlebar, 10 miles East Northeast of West- 
port. Area of parish, 14,974 acres. Population, 10,464 ; of town, 
5,137. It is a poorly built town and stands on a plain of bog and 
pasture land. It has the, usual buildings, a Church, Roman 
Catholic Chapel, Court House, etc., and Barracks for 650 men. 
It has some Breweries and a considerable trade in Coarse Linens 
and rural products. It is also the head of the Poor- Law Union 
and the seat of the County Coui't of Assize. Market on Saturday. 
Fairs, May 11, June 19, September 16 and November 18. In the 
immediate vicinity are "the Park" and "the Lawn," seats of the 
Earl of Lucan and of St. Clair O'MaUey, Esq. It was taken in 
1798 by the French under General Humbert, who in an action 
derisively called the "Race of Castlebar" defeated a superior 
British force here. The Castlebar River issues from a lake 3 miles 
in length. Southwest of the town, and flows North into Lough 
CuUin. 

CASTLE BL AKENEY.— (or Killasolan) Is a parish of County 
Galway, Connaught, 18 miles Southeast of Tuam. Area, 11,483 

34 



acres. Population, 4,490. The country is poor and boggy and 
the villago is miserable. There are five Fau's held here Annually. 

CASTLE BLAYNEY.— Is a town of County Monaghan, Ulster, 
12 miles South Southeast of Monaghan, at the West of Lough 
Blayncy. Population, 2,134. It is weU built and has a Church, 
IMarket House, Work House, etc. Markets on Wednesday. Fairs, 
first Wednesday in every month. It gives the titb of Viscount to 
the Blayney famil}'^ whose desmene is in the vicinity. 

CASTLE COMER.— Is a town and parish of County KHkenny, 
Leinster, 10 miles North Northeast of Killvenny on the road to 
Dubhn. Area of parish, 21,592 acres. Population, 13,585 ; of 
town, 1,7G5. It is regularly built and clean, and stands in a hoUow. 
It has a large Cliurch and various Schools, etc. Market, Saturday 
for dairy and field produce. There are six Annual Fairs. There 
are extensive CoUieries 2h miles distant. Castle Comer and ruins 
are also in the vicinity. 

CxA-STLE CONNEL. — (or Stradbally) Is a town and parish of 
County Limerick, Munster, on the river Shannon, near the Falls 
of Doonass, 6i miles North Northeast of Limerick. Area of 
parish, G,G98 acres. Po2:)ulation, 5,433 ; of town, 1,106. It is 
beautifully situated and is neat and clean, and is much resorted to 
in summer by the people of Limerick for its Chalybeate Springs. 
Its Castle, formerly a ssat of the O'Briens, Kings of Munster, was 
destroyed during the siege of Limerick. 

CASTLE CONNER.— Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 
on the river Moy, 3 miles North Northeast of Ballina. Area, 
16,678 acres. Population, 5,136. The ruins of an old Castle which 
gives name to the parish, is here. 

CASTLE DEEMOT.— (or Thistledeemot) Is a parish and 
ancient town of County Kildare, Leinster, on the river Lear, 6 
miles North Northeast of Carlow. Area of parish, 7,498 acres. 
Population, 3,090 ; of town, 1,516. Its numerous antiquities com- 
prise remains of a large Cathedral, of a Cliurch built by the first 
English settlers, of a beautiful Franciscan Monastery, a Norman 
Arch, a strong square Tower supposed to have been built by the 
Knights Templars, the ruins of a Priory and a Castle ; and in its 
Church 3^ard are several curious crosses and a Round Tower. There 
are six Fairs held here Annually. The town was formerly the 
residence of the Dermots, Kings of Leinster. 

CASTLE HAVEN.— Is a paiish of County Cork, Munster, on 



Castle Haven Bay, 15 miles Northeast of Cape Clear. Area, 10,542 
acres. Population, 6,056. 

CASTLE ISLAND.— Is a town and parish of County Kerry, 
Munster, 11 miles East Southeast of Tralee. Area of parish, 29,633 
acres. Population, 7,967 ; of town, 1,687. It has some fine build- 
ings. There is an islet of same name in County Cork, Munster, 
in Roaring- water Bay, North of Cape Clear. Area, 120 acres. 

CASTLE JOED AN.— Is a parish of Counties, Kings and Meath, 
Leinster, on the Grand Canal, 5 miles South Southwest of Kinne- 
gad. Area, 17,372 acres. Population, 4,079. 

CASTLE KNOCK. Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 
in a barony of the same name and 4 miles West Northwest of 
Dublin on the river Liffey. Area, 7,124 acres. Population, 4,063. 
It has a new Church and the ruins of a Castle built in the reign 
of Henry II. and those of an Abbey built in the 13th Century, 
endowed with £800 iper annum. 

CASTLE LYONS.— Is a viUage and parish of County Cork, 
Munster, 2 miles Northeast of Rathcormack. Area of parish, 
12,710 acres. Population, 5,526 ; of village, 775. It has a Car- 
melite Monastery and ruins of a Dominican Priory. 

CASTLE MACADAM.— Is a parish of County Wicklow, 
Leinster, in tl^e vale of Ovoca, 6 miles South of Rathdrum. Area, 
10,843 acres. Population, 5,633. 

CASTLE MAGNER.— Is a parish of County Cork, Mimster, 
7 miles West Northwest of MaUow. Area, 7,880 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,007. Its antiquities include an ancient baronial Castle oi 
the Magner's. It comprises part of the town of Kanturk. 

CASTLE MARTYR.— Is a smaU town and formerly a parha- 
mentary borough of County Cork, Munster, 18 miles East of 
Cork, on the river Maine, by which it has a good trade. Popu- 
lation, 1,397. The Earl of Shannon is proprietor of the adjacent 
demesne. There are four Pairs held here Annually. 

CASTLE MORE. — Is a parish of Counties, Roscommon and 
Mayo, Connaught, 1 mile Southeast of Ballaghadireen. Area, 
8,914 acres. Population, 3,582. 

CASTLE POLLARD.— Is a town of County Westmeath, Lein- 
ster, 6i miles West Northwest of Drumcree. Population, 1,310. 
It is well built, clean, and superior in its general looks to most 
towns of its size. It has an elegant Church. About 1 mile West 
is Pakenham Hall, seat of the Earl of Longford. 



36 



CASTLE KAHAN.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 5 
miles West of Virginia. Area, 10,315 acres. Population, 7,589. 
It comprises irirt of tlie town of Ballyjamesduff. 

CASTLE-REA. — (or Castlereagh) Is a market town in barony 
of same name, (bounty Eoscommon, Connauglit, 16 miles West 
Northwest of Roscommon, on the river Suck, here crossed by two 
bridges. Population, l,23o. It consists chiefly of one long street. 
Castle-rea HaU is the property of Lord Mountsandford, on whose 
demesne are the ruins of the ancient Castle. Castlereagh, which 
gives the title of Viscount to the Marquis of Londonderry, is a 
hamlet of County Down, Ulster, 2 miles Southeast of B.illyacerret. 

CASTLE TERRA.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 4 
miles North Northeast of Cavan. Area, 9,981 acres. Population, 
6,813. 

CASTLETOWN. — Is the name of a seaport town and several 
parishes of Ireland. The town is in County Cork, Munster, on the 
West side of Bantry Bay, 18 miles West of Bantr}-. Population, 
861. Vessels of 400 tons can reach its pier. Tliere are nine Fairs 
held here Annually. The parishes are situated as follows : County 
Louth, Leinster, 1^ miles North Northwest of Dundalk ; Area, 
2,611 acres. Populejtion, 1,043 ; County Limerick, Munster, 4 
miles Northeast of Pallas Green ; Area, 1,777 acres. Population, 
919 ; County Tipperary, Munster, 7 miles Northwest of Nenagh ; 
Area, 9,274 acres. Population, 4,292 ; County Meath, Leinster, 
7 miles West of Athbo}^ ; Area, 12,282 acres. Population, 4,588. 
Near the village is Clonyn Castle, the seat of the Marquis of 
Westmeath. 

CASTLETOWN ROCHE.— Is a town and parish of County 
Cork, Munster, on the Awbeg, 8 miles West Northwest of Fermoy. 
Area of parish, 6,485 acres. Population, 3,476 ; of town, 1,063. 
It stands on a wooded height. There are four Fah-s held here 
Annually. 

CASTLETOWNSEND.— Is a smaU seaport town of County Cork, 
Munster, on the West side of Castlehaven Bay, 4 miles East South- 
east of Skibbereen. Population, 770. It is the Custom House 
for the port of Baltimore. 

CASTLE WELLAN. — Is a market town of County Down, Ulster, 
5 miles Southwest of Clough. Population, 806. It gives the title 
of baron to the Earl of Annesley, Lord of the manor, whose seat, 
Castle Wellan, adjoins the town. 

37 



CASTROPETRE.— Is a parisli of County Kings, Leiuster, 8 
miles South Southeast of Kinnegad. Area, 15,762 acres. Popula- 
tion, 432. It comprises part of tlie town of Edenderry. 

CAVAN. — Is an inland County of Ulster, suiTounded on the 
North by County Fermanagh, on the South by CoUnty Meath, on 
the East by County Monaghan and on the West by County Meath. 
It is touched on the Southwest by County Leitrim. Area, 477,3G0 
acres, of which 275,473 acres are arable and the balance, (with the 
exception of 22,142 acres which is water,) is w^aste land. Popula- 
tion, 1851, 174,303. The Country is open and good and is enclosed 
on its borders by ranges of mountains. The Woodford and Upper 
Erne are the principal rivers. Chief Loughs, are Gawnagh, 
Shillen, etc. The scenery on some of these is liighly picturesque. 
Agriculture is very backward, as the soil, with the exception of the 
banks of the rivers, is light and poor. The principal manfacture 
is Linen. Cavan is sub-divided into 8 baronies and 36 parishes and 
sends 2 members to the Plouse of Commons. Cavan and Belturbet 
are the principal towns. Cavan, a market town, (formerly a 
parliamentary borough,) is the Capital and is situated on a branch 
of the river Annalee, 26 miles South Southeast of Enniskillen, on 
the Railroad to Dublin. Population, 3,740. It is very j)Oorly built 
but contains some very handsome buildings. The seat of Lord 
Farnham is immediately adjacent. Markets on Tuesday. There 
are seven Fairs held here annually. It is also the head of the Poor 
Law Union. 

CELBRIDGE. — Is a town and parish of County Killdare, 
Leinster, on the river Liffey, 15 miles Southw^est of Dublin. Pop- 
ulation, 1.289. It is well built and contains a Church, Work 
House, County Hospital and a large Woolen Factory. Fairs last 
Tuesday in April, September 8 and November 7. In the vicinity 
are KiUadoon, the seat of the Earl of Leitrim, and Lyons, the seat 
of the Earl of Cloncurry. It is also the head of the Poor Law 
Union. 

CHAPEL IZOD.— Is a town of County Dubhn, Leinster, 3 miles 
west of Dublin, situated on the river Liffey. Population, 1,575. 
It contains an ancient Church and Barracks. 

CHARLEMONT.— Is a market town of County Armagh, Ulster, 
on the river Blackwater, 6 miles North Northwest of Armagh. 
Population, 485. There is a strong fort used as the ordnance 



38 



depot and head Artillery quarters of North Ireland. It gives the 
title of Earl to the Cautield family. 

CHARLEVILLE.— (or Rathgogan) Is a town, parish and 
municix3al borough of County Cork, Munster, 22 miles West South- 
west of Limerick. It is built very good and consists of four 
streets crossing each other at right angles. It gives the title of 
Earl to the Barry family ; but the town and vicinity belong to the 
Earl of Cork and Ossory, whose mansion here was bui^nt by the 
Duke of Berwick in 1690. 

CHUKCHTOWN. — (or Bruhenny) There are several parishes 
by this name, as follows : County Cork, Munster, 7 miles South 
Southwest of Charleville ; Area, 8,047 acres. Population, 3,777. 
The village is neatly built and near it are the seats of Burton and 
Eymont, giving the title of Earl to the Percival family, (or Rheban) 
is in County Kildare, Leinster. Area, 7,331 acres. Population, 
2,291. It is traversed by the Grand Canal ; County West- 
meath, Leinster, 5 miles West Southwest of Mullingar ; Area, 5,302 
acres. Population, 1,108 ; County Meath, Leinster, 3 miles South- 
west of Navan. Area, 1,330. Population, 509. There are also 
villages of the same name in Counties, Waterford, Limerick and 
Wexford. 

CLAGGAN BAY. — Is a bay on the coast of County Galway, 
Connaught, 3 miles West Northwest of Innisboffin. It is a safe 
harbor for vessels of the largest tonnage, and has a good dock. 

CLx\NE. — Is a barony, parish and town of County Kildare, 
Leinster. The town is on the river Liffey, 7 miles West South- 
west of Selbridge. Area of parish, 4,063 acres. Population, 
2,160 ; of town, 335. The remains of an Abbey founded in 548, 
and of a Franciscan Priory of the 13th Century, are still to be 
seen. There are four Fairs held here Annually Adjoining it is the 
Bog of Clane. Area, 2,235 acres. 

CLANMAURICE. — Is a barony of County Kerry, Munster, 
bounded on the West by the Atlantic Ocean. It is 17 miles in 
length. 

CLANMORRIS.— Is a barony of County Mayo, Connaught, 18 
miles in length, from North to South. 

CLANWILLIAM. — Is a barony of County Limerick, Munster, 
having the Shannon river on its North, and is 10 miles in length. 
Is also the name of a barony of County Tipperary, Munster, 

39 



bounded on the West by County Limerick, 18 miles in length ; 
forming a fertile and picturesque district. 

CLAEA. — Is a market town and parish of County Kings, Lein- 
ster, 5 miles Southwest of Kilbeggan, near the Brosna river. 
Population, 1,155. There are eight Fairs held here Annually. 
County Sessions and a Market weekly for Corn. Is also the name 
of a parish of County Kilkenny, Leinster, 3 miles East Northeast 
of Kilkenny. Area, 3,201 acres. Populution, 663. 

CLARA. — Is an island off the West coast of County Mayo, Con- 
naught, at the entrance to Clew Bay, 4 miles South of Achil island. 
Its Lighthouse is on the North point at an elevation of 487 feet. 
Latitude, 53^ North. Longitude, 9^ 59' West. Area, 3,959 acres. 
Population. 1,616. Its surface is mountainous, its highest point 
being 1,520 feet above the sea. 

CLARE- — Is a maritime County of Munster, situated with the 
Atlantic on the West, and on the East, North and South the 
Counties, Galway, Tipperary and Limerick, and being separated 
from the two latter by Lough Derg and the Shannon river. Area, 
827,994 acres ; of which 445,009 acres are arable, 8,384 in plan- 
tations, and the balance being either water or WLste. Population 
in 1851, 212,428 ; occupying 44,870 houses. The surface is mostly 
hilly and rugged, but there is some fine level land. The Fergus 
and its branches are the principal rivers. Average rent of land, 
lis. 3d. per acre. The fisheries are very important, but there are 
no manufactories of any account. Clare is subdivided into 11 
baronies and 80 parishes, in the dioceses of Kilfenora, Killaloe and 
Limerick. The cliief towns are Ennis, (the capital) Kilrush, Ennis- 
timon and a part of KiUaloe. This County sends 2 members to 
the House of Commons. There are reputed to be the remains of 
118 baronial Castles in this County. 

CLARE. — Is a town of County Clare, Munster, on the river 
Fergus, 2 miles East Southeast of Ennis. Population, 879 ; of 
parish of Clare Abbey, 3,280. It is pleasantly situated and regularly 
built and clean, and it is the port for all the exports of the centre 
of the County, but has a very poor dock ; totally inadequate to its 
wants. Fairs, June 3 and November 11. It gives the title of Earl 
to the Fitzgibbon family. 1 mile South, is the remains of an Abbey 
founded by O'Brien, King of Munster, in the 13th century. 
(Clare-imorris,) is a town of County Mayo, Connaught, 15 miles 
Southeast of Castlebar. It is clean and neat. Population, 2,256. 

40 



CLARE. — Is a river of County Galway, Connaught, 32 miles 
long. Its course is generally Southward and it flows into Lough 
CoiTib, 3 miles North of Galway. In many places the river is very 
shallow and marshy and for 3 miles it is subterraneous. The towns 
of Dunmore and Clare are situated on its banks. 

CLARE. — Is a barony of County Galway, Connaught, separated 
fi'om County Mayo by the Black river. Length, 19 miles. 

CLARE-GALAVAY. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
6 miles North Northeast of Galway. Area, 12,453 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,042. The surface is fertile, being drained by the Clare 
river. 

CLASHMORE.— Is a village and parish of County Waterford, 
Munster, 4 miles North Northeast of Youghall. Area, 7,202 acres. 
Population, 3,777. It has a County General Sessions. There" 
are four Fairs held here Annually. 

CLEENISH. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 7 miles 
West Southwest of Enniskillen. Area, 36,681 acres. Population, 
11,075. In it are Loughs Erne and Macnean, and on an island in 
Lough Erne are the remains of an Abbey, now used as a parish 
Church. 

CLEW BAT- — Is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, of County 
Mayo, Connaught. Latitude, 53° 55' North. Longitude, 9° 50' 
West, extending inland for about 15 miles, with a uniform breadth 
of 8 miles. There are numerous small harbors and fishing stations 
on the shores, among which are the towns . of Newport, Westport 
and Louisburgh. At its upper end is an Archipelago of about 300 
fertile and cultivated islets. Clare island is opposite its entrance. 

CLIFDEN. — Is a seaport town of County Galway, Connaught, 
in the district of Connemara and 43 miles West Northwest of Gal- 
way, on an inlet of Ardbear harbor. Population, 1,509. It has 
fine pubhc buildings and Churches, and exports considerable Oats 
and imports American Timber. Markets, weekly. There are seven 
Fairs held here Annually. Chfden Castle is close by. Is also the 
name of a village of County Kilkenny, Leinster, which gives the 
title of Yiscount to the Agar-EUis family. 

CLOGHANE. — (or Clahane) Is a parish of County Kerry, 
Munster, West of Brandon Bay. Area, 17,572 acres. Population, 
2,994. It consists mostly of a rocky peninsular. 

CLOGHUN. — Is a market town of County Tipperary, Munster, 
13 miles West Southwest of Clonmell. Population, 2,049. The 

41 



seat of the Viscount Lismore, Shanbally, is witliiii 2 miles of this 
town. The are four Fairs held here Annually. 

CLOGHEE. — Is a market town and parish of County Tyrone, 
Ulster, situated on the Blackwater river, 82 miles North Northwest 
of Dubhn. Area, 49,701 acres. Population, 17,813 ; of town 702. 
It is in a valley and its surface is rich and undulating. The prin- 
cipal buildings of the town are the Cathedral, Bishop's Palace, 
Prison and Work-House. Fairs on the 20th of each month, also 
on May 2 and July 26. It was formerly an Episcopal town and 
parhamentary borough. 

CLOGHEH. — There are several parishes by this name, as foUows, 
viz : County Tipperary, Mimster, 6 miles Southwest of Thurles ; 
Area, 8,119 acres. Population, 2,643 ; (or Kilcloger) Is a parish 
of County Louth, Leinster, 7 miles Northeast of Drogheda ; Area, 
1,861 acres. Population, 1,371. Its village is much resorted to 
for Sea-bathing. There are six Fairs held here Annually. County 
Mayo, Connaught near Kilcumminghead, and 4 miles North of 
Killala. It was here that the French expedition landed in 1798. 

CLOGHEENEY. — (or Clougherney) Is a parish of County 
Tyrone, Ulster, 5 miles Southeast of Omagh. Area, 17,792 acrec. 
Population, 7,553. 

CLONAKILTY. (or Cloughnakilty) Is a market town oi 
County Cork, Munster, on the Foilagh river, (here crossed by two 
bridges,) 11 miles Southwest of Bandon. Population, 3,993. It 
was formerly a flourishing parliamentary town. Linens to the 
value of £30,000 being woven here Annually ; but with the ex- 
ception of some Cotton Manufactories the town is dead. There 
are five Fairs held here Annually. 

CLONALLON. — ;Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 1 mile 
North of Warrenpoint. Area, 11,658 acres. Population, 6,553. 

CLONARD. — Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 15 miles 
West Northwest of Kilcock. Area, 13,324 acres. Population, 
4,508. The village is on the river Boyne, which is here crossed by 
a bridge. The ruins of Turogan Castle are South of the village. 
The surface is flat and boggy. 

CLONBEG. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 4 miles 
Southwest of Tipperary. Area, 15,112 acres. Population, 4,377. 
Galtee-More, the highest point of the Galtee mountains, is in this 
parish. Height,. 3,015 feet. 

42 



CLONBERN. — Is a parisli of County Gal way, Connaught, 5| 
miles Southeast of DuUijaore. Area, 10,462 acres. Population, 
2,333. Loughs, Mackeeran and Doo are in this parish. 

CLONBRONEY. — (or Clonebrone) Is a j)arish of County 
Longford, Connaught, 6 miles West of Granard. Area, 12,708 
acres. Poj^ulation, 5,114. 

CLOXBULLOGE. — There are two parishes by this name. Clon- 
buUoger (or Clonsast) is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 6 
miles Southwest of Edenderry. Area, 23,558 acres. Population, 
3,803. And another in County Tipperary, Munster, 5 miles South- 
east of Tipperary. Area, 3,950 acres. Population, 1,546. 

CLONCHA. — (or Clonca) Is the most Northern parish of 
Ireland. County Londonderry, IJlster. It is situated between the 
Strabreasy Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. • Area, 19,643 acres. Popu- 
lation 6,798. Mahn-head and Well and various other antiquities 
are in this parish. The surface is mountainous. 

CLONCLARE. — (or Cloonclaee) Is a parish of County Leitrim, 
Connaught. Area, 32,900 acres. Population, 10,524. It com- 
prises part of the town of Manor-Hamilton. 

CLONCUBBY. — There are two parishes of County Kildare, 
Leinster, by this name. One 5i miles Northwest of Kilcock. 
Area, 8,390 acres. Population, 1,666. It gives the title of Baron 
to the Lawless family. Another, 3 miles East Northeast of Bathan- 
gan. Area, 5,240 acres. Population, 644. The surface is boggy 
and is crQssed by the Grand Canal. 

CLONDAGAD. — (or Clondegad) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster, Gh miles South Southwest of Clare. Area, 16,978 acres. 
Population, 5,088. 

CLONDALKIN. — Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 4^ 
miles West Southwest of Dublin. Area, 4,934 acres. Population, 
2,496. The village has a School House, Alms House, etc. 

CLONDEHOBKEY. — (or Clondahorkey) Is a parish of County 
Donegal, Ulster, 16 miles West Northwest of Letterkenny. Area, 
29,633 acres. Population, 6,908. Murkish mountain in this parish 
is 2,190 feet in height. The surface is mountainous and poor. 

CLONDEBALAW BAY.— Is a bay of County Clare, Munster, 
18 miles Southwest of Ennis, 4 miles in length and from i to 1^ 
miles in breadth. 

CLONDERADOCK. — (or Clondaradog) Is a parish of County 
Donegal, Ulster, 9 miles North of Bathmullen. Area, 27,367 acres. 

43 



Population, 10,344. It occupies tlie greater part of the peninsu- 
lar of Fannat. 

CLONDROHOD.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster,- 3 
miles Northwest of Macroom. Area, 27,114 acres. Population, 
6,258. There are some intrenchments here said to have been built 
b}^ the Danes. 

CLONDUFF. — (or Clanduff) Is a parish of County Down, 
Ulster, 3 miles Southeast of Eathfriland. Area, 21,242 acres. 
Population, 8,687. Eagle mountain, 2,084 feet in height is in this 
parish. 

CLONE. — There are two parishes by this name. Clone (or 
Cloone) is in County Leitrim, Connaught, 4 miles Northeast of 
Mohill. Area, 41.523 acres. Population, 21,225; and another in 
County Wexford, Leinster, 3 miles East Northeast of Enniscorthy. 
Area, 6,267 acres. Population, 1,504. 

CLONENAGH and CLONAGHEEN,— Is a parish of County 
Queens, Leinster, 7 miles West Southwest of Maryborough. Area, 
47.189 acres. Population, 18,403. It includes the town of Mount- 
rath. 

CLONES. — Is a parish and market town of County Monaghan, 
Ulster, 11 miles West Southwest of Monaghan and near the Ulster 
Canal. Area, 42,878 acres. Population, 23,506 ; of town, 2,877. 
The town contains various public buildings. Markets, weekly. 
Fairs, last Thursday of every month. Near it are numerous an- 
tiquities, also the ruins of an old Abbey founded in the 13th Cen- 
tury. It is also the head of the Poor Law Union. 

CLONEY. — (Clony or Clonie) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster, 5 miles East Northeast of Ennis. Area, 10,656 acres. 
Population, 3,624. 

CLONE ANE.— Strawberry Hill and Queensfort, (Bog of,) County 
Galway, Connaught. The river Clare rises here. It comprises 
3,715 acres. 

CLONFEACLE. — (or Cluain Fiacul) Is a parish of Counties, 
Armagh and Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 26,218 acres. Population, 
18,930. It comprises the town of Moy. 

CLONFERT and KILMORE.— Are two contigious bogs in 
County Galway, Connaught, situated Northwest of the Shannon 
river. They comprise 9,615 acres, with an average depth of 30 feet. 
They are traversed by the Grand Canal. 

CONFERT. — There are two parishes by this name. Confert 



44 



(or New-market) is in County Cork, Munster. Area, 62,110 acres. 
Population, 17,828, It comi^rises the town of New-market and 
part of Kanturk. And another in County Galway, Connaught, 
Ah miles North Northeast of Eyrecourt. Area, 24,877 acres. 
Poj^ulation, 5,704. Surface flat and boggy. It is traversed by the 
Grand Canal. 

CLONFINLOUGH. — (or Cloonfinlough) Is a parish of County 
Roscommon, Connaught, 3 miles South of Stokestown. Area, 
7,814 acres. Population, 4,782. 

CLONGESH. — (or Clongish) Is a parish of County Longford, 
Leinster, B miles North Northwest of Longford. Area, 12,833 
acres. Population, 6,504. 

CLONKEEN. — There are several parishes by this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : County Louth, Leinster, 4 miles Northwest of Ardee. 
Area, 4,322 acres. Population, 2,158 ; (or Clonkeen-Kerry) 
County Galway, Connaught, 7 miles Northeast of Athenry. Area, 
8,214 acres. Population, 1,971 ; County Limerick, Munster, 5^ 
miles East of Limerick. Area, 1,145 acres. Population, 621. 

CLONLEIGH. — There are several parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Donegal, Ulster. Area, 12,517 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,686. It comprises part of the town of Lifford ; (or Clon- 
LEE,) County Clare, Munster, 4 miles East Northeast of Six-mile- 
Bridge. Area, 8,834 acres. Population, 3,749 ; County Wexford, 
Leinster, 54 miles Northeast of New Eoss. Area, 2,717 acres. 
Population, 830. 

CLONMACNOISE.— (The Seven Churches) Is a parish of 
County Kings, Leinster, 7 miles South Southwest of Athlone. 
Area, 22,417 acres. Population, 4,775. The ruins of a Cathedral 
and various Monastic buildings are still to be seen in and around 
the village. 

CLONMANY. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 9 miles 
North Northeast of Buncrana. Area, 23,376 acres. Population, 
6,489. 

CLONMEEN. — (or Clooxmeen) Is a parish of County Cork, 
Munster, 10 miles West of Mallow. Area, 20,076 acres. Popu- 
lation, 6,361. 

CLONMEL. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough and 
town of Counties, Waterford and Tipperary, Munster, on the banks 
of the river Suir, and the Limerick and Waterford Railroad, 14 
miles South Southeast of Cashel. Area of parhamentary borough, 

45 



331 acres. Population, 12,386. Its streets are regularly built, 
paved and lighted with gas. It is a thriving town and contains 
many manufactories. Its principal buildings are a Church, Roman 
Catholic and other Chapels, Jail, Grammar School, etc. There is 
considerable business done in agricultural produce for the Water- 
ford, Bristol, Limerick, &c., Markets. Fairs, first AVednesday of 
every month. May 5 and November 5. Markets, Tuesday and 
Saturday. The borough sends one member to the House of 
Commo ns ; and it gives the title of Earl to the Scott family. Cor- 
poration revenue, £822. It is also the head of the Poor Law Union. 
Is also the name of a parish of County Cork, Munster, 10 miles 
East Southeast of Cork. Area, 3,197 acres. Population, 2,564. 
It comprises part of the town of Cove. 

CLONMELLON.— Is a parish in the Western part of County 
Meath, Leinster, 5 miles Northwest of Athboy. Population, 859. 
There are three Fairs held here Annually. 

CLONMINES.— Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster, on 
Bannon Harbor, 7 .miles South Southwest of Tagmon. Area, 
1,380 acres. Population, 377. The remains of the ruined town 
of Clon mines are here. 

CLONMORE. — There are several parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : Clonmobe (or Killavensch) is in County Tipperary, 
Munster, 4 miles Northeast of Templemore. Area, 8,160 acres. 
Population, 3,557 ; County Carlow, Leinster, 3 miles South South- 
east of Hacketstown. Area, 6,029 acres. Population, 2,335. It 
gives the title of Baron to the Howard family : County Wexford, 
Leinster, 4 miles South Southwest of Enniscorthy. Area, 6,767 
acres. Population, 4,779. There are picturesque ruins of an old 
Abbey here ; County Kilkenny, Leinster, 5^ miles East Southeast 
of Carrick-on-Suir. Area, 2,092 acres. Population, 795 ; County 
Louth, Leinster, 2i miles East Northeast of Dunteer. Area, 1,905 
acres. Population, 725. 

CLONMULSK. — There are two parishes by this name. Clon- 
iviuLSK (or Clonrush) is in County Galway, Connaught, 10^ miles 
Southwest of Portumna. Area, 11,850 acres. Population, 3,115 ; 
Clonmulsk (or Clonmelsh) is in County Carlow, Leinster, 4 miles 
South of Carlow. Area, 3,147 acres. Population, 675. 

CLONOE. — Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 2i miles 
South Southeast of Stewartstown. Area, 12,071 acres. Popu- 

46 



latioii, G,817 Surface is low and marshy. In it are the remains 
of Mount joy Castle. 

CLONOULTY. — Is a i^arish of County Tijoperary, Munster, 4^ 
miles Southwest of Holy cross. Area, 11,135 acres. Population, 
3,855. There are two Fairs held in the village Annually. 

CLOXPEIEST. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 4 miles 
Southwest of Youghal. Area, 0,985 acres. Population, 3,658. 

CLONTAEF. — Is a small town and parish of County Dublin, 
Leinster, 3 miles East Northeast of Dublin, on the North side of 
the Bay. Area, 1,190 acres. Population, 2,004 ; of town, 818. 
The town consists of one pretty good street and has a Church 
which contains the vaults of the Vernon's, Lords of the Manor, 
who reside in Clontarf Castle. The battle forming the subject of 
Gray's ode " The Fatal Sisters " was fought here April 23, 1014, 
in which the united Danes and Irish were defeated by the troops 
of Brian Borouch, who was killed in the action. 

CLONTIBRET.— Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster, U 
miles North Northwest of Castle-Blayney. Area, 20,564 acres. 
Population, 10,833. Surface mountainous and boggy. 

CLONTURK.— Is a parish of County DubHn, Leinster, 2 miles 
Northeast of Dublin. Area, 1,244 acres. Population, 2,721. It 
comprises the town of Ballybough. 

CLONTUESKERT.— There are two parishes by this name. 
Clonturskert (or Clonthuskert) is in County Galway, Connaught, 
5 miles North Northwest of Eyrecourt. Area, 15,509 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,711 ; Clonturskert (Cloontwiscar) is in County Ros- 
common, Connaught, H miles North Northwest of Lanesborough. 
Area, 7,406 acres. Population, 3,221. 

CLOONAFF.— (Clonaff or Cloncraft) is a parish of County 
Roscommon, Connaught, 5 miles North Northeast of Stokestown. 
Area, 5,454 acres. Population, 2,853. 

CLOONOGHILL (or Cloonacool) Is a parish of County Sligo, 
Connaught, 3-^- miles West Southwest of Balleymote. Area, 7,098 
acres. Population, 2,588. 

CLOYNE. — Is a parish and market town of County Cork, Mun- 
ster, 4 miles Southwest of Castle-Martyr. Area, 9,969 acres. 
Population, 6,726 ; of town, 2,200. It was weU built but has de- 
cayed. Thcfe are several old Churches and a School endowed in 
1719. Market, Thui'sday. There are four Fairs held here Annually. 
There aTc some valuable Marble Quarries in the vicinity. 

47 



COLERAINE. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, 
yeaport town and parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, on the 
river Bann, 4 miles from its mouth and 47 miles North Northwest 
of Belfast. Area, 4,84G acres. Population, 5,857 ; of town, 5,763. 
Area of parhamentary borough, 963 acres. It is well built and 
contains many fine buildings, etc. The harbor has been so much 
improved that large vessels unload at the dock close by the bridge. 
They have constant communication by steamer with Liverpool, 
Glasgow and Fleetwood. Markets on Monday, Wednesday and 
Friday. There are seven Fairs held here Annually. This borough 
sends one member to the House of Commons and gives the title of 
Baron to the Hanger family ; about 1 mile South arc traces of a 
Danish Fort. There are Paper Mills, Tanneries, Bleach Grounds 
also Sahnon and Eel fisheries. 

COLLON. — Is a market town and parish of County Louth, 
Leinster, on a branch of the Boyne, 5^ miles Northwest of Dro- 
gheda. Area, 8,813 acres. Population, 3,275 ; of town, 936. It 
is neatly built and has a good Market House, Parish Church, Cot- 
ton Factory and Bleaching Grounds. Stocking and Linen Weav- 
ing employ many of the inhabitants. There are two Fairs held 
here Annually. Markets on Tuesday. Collon House, the seat 
of the Viscount Ferrard, is here. 

COLLOONEY. — Is a market town of County Shgo, Connaught, 
5i miles Southwest of Sligo, on the Owenbeg. Population, 651. 

COLLUMBKILL. — There are two parishes of Leinster by this 
name. One is in County Longford, 3 miles West of Granard. 
Area, 20,314 acres. Population, 9,273. Another is in County 
Kilkenny. Ar^a, 4,473 acres. Population, 1,116. . It comprises 
part of the town of Thomastown. 

COMADERRY. — Is a mountain in County Wicklow, Leinster, 
3 miles West of Glendalough. Elevation, 2,268 feet. 

COMBER. — (or Cumber) Is a market town and parish of County 
Down, Ulster, on the West side of Lough Strangford, 8 miles East 
Southeast of Belfast. Area of parish, 17,419 acres. Population, 
9,022 ; of town, 1,964. It is well built and contains some rums. 
There are foiu' Fairs held here Annually. It has a trade in Linens 
and Spirits. 

CONG. — Is a small town and parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 
9 miles West Northwest of Headford. Area, 37,730 acres ; which 
includes Lough Corrib. Population, 8,835 ; of town, 364. It has 

48 



a good Church and curious remains of an Abbey of the 7th Cen- 
tuiy. 

CONNAUGHT.— Is a province ; being the most Westerly and 
smallest of tlie four ; having the Atlantic Ocean on its North and 
West ; the provinces of Ulster and Leinster on the East, and the 
province of IMunster on the Southeast. Its greatest length is 86 
miles from North to South, and breadth 81 miles. Area, 4,392,000 
acres ; of which about 2,000,000 acres are waste or water. Popu- 
lation in 1851, 1,418,859. The Western part is divided into numer- 
ous peninsulars, the largest of which is Connemara and has numer- 
ous islands, as Achill, Innisbegil, Clara, etc. The numerous bays 
afford commodious harbors. The surface of the Western part is 
mountainous and has some highly picturesque scenery. The sur- 
face of the North and South is mountainous, while in the centre it 
is a level plain. The Bonnet, Uncon, Arrow, Moy, Clare and 
Shannon, which forms the Eastern boundary, are the principal 
rivers. Coal is found in Lough Allen district. The province is 
divided into five Counties, Mayo and Galway on the West and 
Sligo, Leitrim and Koscommon on the East. Connaught was 
formerly a Kingdom of the Irish Heptarchy and ruled by the 
O'Conners ; and in 1590 was divided into Counties and came under 
English administration. The chief towns of the province are 
Galway, Roscommon, Shgo, Carrick, Castlebar, Tuam, Ballinasloe 
and Athlone. 

CONVOY.— Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 2h miles 
Southwest of Eaphoe. Area, 20,082 acres. Population, 5,479. 
There are two Fairs held here Annually. 

CONWALL. — (or Conewai,) Is a parish of County Donegal, 
Ulster. Area, 45,270 acres. Population, 12,666. It comprises 
the town of Letter Kenny. 

COOTEHILL. — Is a market town of Co^lnty Cavan, Ulster, on 
the Cootehill river, 28 miles West Northwest of Dundalk. Popu- 
lation, 2,425. It has some good buildings and a brisk trade in 
Linens, Corn, Beer and Spirits. Markets, Fridaj^ and Saturday, 
and cattle markets monthly. There are four Fairs held here 
Annually. Quarter Sessions at Easter and in October. 

COOKSTOWN.— Is an inland town of County Tyrone, Ulster, 
on the Btdlindcrry, 5 miles W^est Northwest of Stewartstown. It 
is well built and has some fine buildings. Churches, etc. IMarkets, 
Tuesday and Saturday. There are ten Fairs held here Annually. 

49 



There is a parish, of same name in County Meath, Leinster, 2 miles 
East Northeast of Eatoath. Area, 1,238 acres. Population, 142. 

COPELAND ISLANDS.— Are a small group of islands of the 
coast of County Down, Ulster, on the South side of the entrance 
to Belfast Lough. On Cross island, about 5 miles North Northeast 
of Donaghada, is a Light-house at an elevation of 131 feet. Lati- 
tude, 54^, 4', 44" North. Longitude, 5°, 32' West. 

C ORB ALLY. — There are several parishes by this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : Partly in County Kings, Leinster, and partly in County 
Tipperary, Munster, near Eoscrea. Area, 12,747 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,373 ; County Waterford, Munster, 6i miles South South- 
east of Waterford. Area, 725 acres. Population, 315 ; County 
Cork, Munster, 5 miles Southwest of Cork Area, 869 acres. 
Population, 193. 

CORK. — Is a County of Munster. It is the most Southerly and 
largest County of Ireland, having County Limerick on the North, 
County Tipperary on the Northeast, County Waterford on the East, 
and the Atlantic Ocean on the South and West. Its greatest length 
is 100 miles, breadth 55 miles. It has an Area of, 1,846,333 acres ; 
of which 465,889 is waste. Population in 1851, 648,903. In the 
Western part the surface is very mountainous but in the North 
and East it is rich and fertile. On the coast are some of the finest 
bays and harbors in the world, the principal ones being Bantry 
and Dunmanus bays, and Clonakilty, Kinsale, Cork and Youghal 
harbors. The Blackwater, Lee and Bannon are the principal 
rivers. The principal productions of the country are Oats, Wheat 
and Potatoes ; considerable quantities of which are exported. 
Average rent of land, 13s. 7d. per acre. Linens, Weaving and 
Distilling are the principal manufactures. The County is divided 
into East and West Ridings, 19 baronies and 269 parishes. The 
County sends two members to the House of Commons. Large 
quantities of Copper is found ; after which, Limestone is the prin- 
cipal mineral product. 

CORK. — Is a city, parliamentary borough and river port of 
County Cork, Munster, on the river Lee, 137 miles Southwest of 
Dublin. Area of city, 48,006 acres ; of the municipahty, 2,683 
acres. Population of city, 106,055 ; of municipal borough, 84,114, 
most of whom are Roman Cathohcs. The city proper is built on an 
island formed by the river Lee, which is here crossed by nine 
bridges, several of them elegant structures. Its main streets are 

50 



broad, well paved and lighted with gas, but the largest part of 
the city consists of lanes inhabited by the very lowest classes. 
There are many handsome and costly buildings, among Avhich the 
City and County Court Houses may be said to rank first, having 
cost £22,000 to erect. There are many other tine buildings, both 
public and private, also Scientific Institutions, among which are 
Queens College, Cork Library, etc. Thcro are three Newspapers 
pubhshed here. Its environs are studded with country residences 
belonging to merchants and others. The principal manufactures 
are of Leather, Iron and other metallic goods, also Glass, Gloves 
and Paper ; there are also extensive Breweries and Distilleries. It 
has communication with London, Dublin, Bristol, Liverpool and 
Glasgow, and the Steamers between New York and Liverpool touch 
here. It is the seat of Assizes for the City and County of Cork, 
of Quarter Sessions and Recorder's Weekly Court, and is the 
headquarters for the Southern military district of Ireland. It sends 
two members to the House of Commons. Markets daily. Cork 
is the birthplace of the artists Barry and Machse, and of the 
dramatic author, Sheridan Knowles. 

COUK HARBOR. — Is a fine land locked harbor which is navi- 
gable to li miles above the city of Cork. It is very large and has 
depth of water for any vessel. Latitude, 51*^, 50'. 4'' North. 
Longitude, 8^^, 19' West. On its shore are the towns of Cove and 
Passage, with Docks 4 miles in length, which cost £100,000. 

CORRIB. — (Lough) Is one of the largest lakes in Ireland. It 
is in County Galway, Connaught, 3 miles North of Galway. 
Length, 20 miles Northwest to Southwest. Breadth, from 1 to 
miles. Area, 43,485 acres. The towns of Cong and Oughterard 
are on its shores. It receives the Clare river and surplus water of 
Loughs, Mark and Carra, and discharges its own surplus into Gal- 
way bay, by the Galway river. 

COVE OF CORK. — (now Queenstown) Is a seaport and mar- 
ket town of County Cork, Munster, 10 miles East Southeast of 
Cork, on the South side of Cove island in Cork liarbor. It lias 
some fine buildings, and a Dock and Station House for pilots and 
the officers of the port. There is a Light-house on Roche's ^point 
at the entrance to Cork harbor. Latitude, 51^, 47', 33 /' North. 
Longitude, 8°, 13', 14" West. Gove is j)rotected by formidable 
batteries, and opposite it are several islets witJi additional fortifi- 
cations. It is much resorted to in summer for bathino". 



51 



COVE, (Isle of).— Area, 13,CC0 acres. Is fertile and connected 
to the mainland by several bridges. Is also the name of a maritime 
villag-e of County Cork, Munster, 1 mile East of Kinsale. Popu- 
lation, 352. 

CKEAGH. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Cork, Munster. Area, 5,802 acres. Population, 6,415. 
It comprises a part of the town of Skibberean ; another is in 
County Eoscommon, Connaught. xirea, 8,8G8 acres. Population, 
2,888. It comprises a part of the town of BaUinasloe. 

CEEGGAN. — Is a parish of Armagh and Louth, Ulster, 9 miles 
Northwest of Dundalk. Area, 24,815 acres.- Population, 15,502. 

CROAGH. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 3^ miles 
North Northeast of Eathkeale. Area, 7,221 acres. Population, 
8,185 ; of village, 187. Its chui'ch was formerly collegiate. There 
are four Fairs held here Annually. 

CEOAGH PATPJCK.— (or Eeek) Is a mountain of County 
Mayo, Connaught, 6 miles West Southwest of Westport, on the 
South side of Clew Bay. Elevation, 2,530 feet. It is an object of 
superstition by the Irish. 

CHEOGAN KINSHELA.— Is a mountain range of County 
Wicklow, Leinster. Summit 2,0G4 feet above the sea. It is famous 
as the site of the Wicklow Gold Mines. 

CEOGHAN. — Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster. Popu- 
lation, 915. 

CEOON. — Is a town and parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
5 miles South Southeast of Adare. Area of parish, 13,437 acres. 
Population, 7,097 ; of town, 1,470. There is u, strong Castle here, 
built durino- the reign of King John. There are four Fairs held 
here Annually. 

CEOSSBOYNE.— Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 2 
miles South of Claremorris. Area, 16,234 acres. Population, 
6,702. 

CEOSSMAGLEN. — Is a neat market town of County Armagh, 
Ulster, 10 miles Northwest of Dundalk. Population, 546. Market, 
weekly. There are six Fairs held here Annually. 

CEOSSMOLINA. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Mayo, Connaught, on the river Deel, 6i miles Southwest of Ballina. 
Area of parish, 67,201. Surface, mountainous. Population, 
12,221 ; of town, 1,672. The town is well built and contains some 

52 



good buildings, and remains of an old Castle and Abbey of the 
Tenth Century. 

CE.UIT ISLAND. — Is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, off the 
Northwest coast of County Donegal, Ulster, 6 miles North North- 
west of Dungloe. Length, 2 miles from North to South. 

CRUMLIN. — Is a market town of County Antrim, Ulster, 12 
milf s West Northwest of Belfast. Population, 568. Markets, 
first Friday in every month. There are two Fairs held here 
Annually. Gleudarragh House, the seat of Colonel Heyland, lord 
of the manor, is near the town. Is also the name of a parish of 
County Dublin, Leinster, 2^- miles Southwest of Dublin. Area, 
1,807 acres. Population, 1,024. 

CULDAFF. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 9 miles 
North Northwest of Moville. Area, 20,089 acres. Population, 
5,883. The remains of an ancient fort are to be seen here. 

CULLEN. — There are several parishes by this name, as follows, 
viz : County Cork, Munster, 6 miles Northwest of Mill Street. 
Area, 13,G74 acres. Population, 5,490. The remains of several 
Baronial Castles are here, ; County Cork, Munster, 5 miles North 
Northeast of Kinsale. Area, 4,250 acres. Population, 1,330 ; 
County Tipperary, Munster, 5 miles Northwest of Tipperary. 
Area, 1,98() acres. Population, 1,013 ; of village, 275. 

CULLENS WOOD.— Is a subui-b of Dublin, on the Southeast 
side of County Dublin, Leinster. Population, 546. There are 
some hansome residences here. 

CUBRIN. — Is a parish of Counties, Monaghan and Fermanagh, 
Ulster, 5 miles South Southeast of Clones. Population, 6,928. 

CUSHENDALL. — (or Newtownglens) Is a small market town 
of County Antrim, Ulster, on the river Dall, 32 miles North of 
Belfast. Population, 545. It is much frequented as a watering 
place. 

DALKEYS. — Is a maritime parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 
8 miles Southeast of Dublin. Area, 467 acres. Population, 1,449 ; 
of village, 304. The village is on the Irish sea, outside of Dublin 
Bay. Its harbor is protected by seven strong forts, now partly 
dismantled. Dalkey Island is seperated from the mainland by a 
narrow sound. 

DENN. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 4 miles Southeast 
of Cavan. Area, 11,600 acres. Population, 6,696. 

DERG LOUGH. — Is the largest and most picturesque of the 

53 



Loughs of the Shannon, and separates County Tipperary, Munster, 
from County Galway, Connaught. Length, 24 miles North to 
South. Breadth, from 2 to 6 miles. Area, 29,570 acres. It 
receives the surplus waters of Loughs, O'Grady and Craney. 
Is also the name of a Lough of County Donegal, Ulster, at its 
Southeast extremity, about 9 miles in circumference, and contains 
the famous inlet termed St. Patrick's Purgatory, which is annually 
visited by 18,000 devotees. 

DEREALOSSOKY.— Is a parish of County Wicklow, Leinster, 
8 miles North of Rathdrum. Area, 45,966 acres. Population, 
4,897. 

DEREY. — Is a parish and city of County Londonderry, Ulster, 
and the prefix of several parishes. Dereyaghy is a parish of County 
Antrim, Ulster, 2 miles North of Lisburn. Area, 12,480 acres. 
Population, 5,397 ; Derrykeighan is in County Antrim, Ulster, 5 
miles North Northeast of Ballymoney. Area, 7,643 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,157 ; Derryloeau is in County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
12,100 acres. Population, 8,480. It comprises part of the town 
of Cookstown ; Deeeynoose (or Maddan) is in County Armagh, 
Ulster, 4 miles South Southwest of Keady. Area, 15,049 acres. 
Population, 9,089 ; Derryoullen is in County Fermanagh, Ulster. 
Area, 23,646 acres, including loughs. Population, 10,675. It 
co]nprises the town of Lowtherstown. 

DEEEOCK. — Is a neat village of County Antrim, Ulster, 4 miles 
North Northeast of Ballymoney. Population, 545. 

DESEET. — Is a prefix of several parishes. Desertcreight is in 
County Tyrone, Ulster, l^- miles Southwest of Cookstown. Area, 
.14,399 acres. Population, 7,675. Linen weaving is the principal 
manufacture. Desertlyn is in County Londonderry, Ulster. 
Area, 5,561 acres. Population, 3,255. It comprises part of the 
town of Moneymore ; Desertmartin is in County Londonderry, 
Ulster, 3 miles Southeast of Tubbermore. Area, 9,580 acres. 
Population, 5,023 ; of village, 256 ; Desertoghill is in County 
Londonderry, Ulster, 4 miles West Northwest of Kilrea. Area, 
11,469 acres. Population, 4,901 ; Desertserges is in County Cork, 
Munster, 6 miles West Southwest of Bandon. Area, 15,730 acres. 
Population, 6,327. 

DEVENISH. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 5 miles 
North Northwest of EnniskiUen. Area, 32,243 acres, including 
Loughs. Population, 8,381 

54 



DEVILS BIT MOUNTAINS.— Are a range of mountains in 
County Tipperaiy, Munster, extending from Northeast to Southwest, 
a length of 24 miles, and separating the basins of the Shannon 
and Suir rivers. Height, 2,08-1 feet. 

DONABATE. — Is a village and parish of County Dublin, 
Leinster, 10^ miles North Northeast of Dublin. Area, 2,715 acres. 
Population, 479. It is a station on the Dublin and Drogheda 
raih'oad. 

DONAGH. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Monaghan, Ulster, 5 miles North Northeast of Monaghan 
Area, 16,202 acres. Population, 10,244 ; another is in County 
Donegal, Ulster. Area, 25,259 acres. Population, 5,447. It com- 
prises the town of Earn, 

DONAGHADEE. — Is a seaport, market town and parish of 
County Down, Ulster, on the Irish channel, 16? miles East North- 
east of Belfast. Area, 9,598 acres. Population, 8,557 ; of town, 
3,151. It is well built and has a good harbor, also a light-house. 
There are quite a number of Flax Mills in the tow^n. (Communi- 
cation to Portpatrick by Steamer. There are five Fairs held here 
Annually. 

DONAGHCLONEY.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 2^ 
miles Southeast of Lurgan. Area, 6,698 acres. Population, 
6,373. 

DONAGHEADY.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, li miles 
Northeast of Strabane. Area, 39,398 acres. Population, 10,608. 

DONAGHEAVY. — (or Findonach) Is a parish of County 
Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 23,052 acres. Population, 11,229. It com- 
prises the town of Fintona. There is a great deal of Linen weaving 
done here. 

DONAGH-HENKY.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. 
Area, 7,155 acres. Population, 5,673, It includes Stewartstown 
and part of Coal Island. 

DONAGHMORE. — There are numerous parishes by this name, 
as follows, viz : County Donegal, Ulster, 4 miles Southwest of 
Liftbrd. Area, 4(>,378 acres. Population, 12,955, (including the 
town of Castle-Linn) ; County TjTone, Ulster, 2h mUes Northwest 
of Dunganon. Area, 18,410 acres. Population, 12,333 ; of village, 
542. There are twelve Fairs held here AnnuaUy ; County Cork, 
jSIunster, Hi miles East Northeast of. Macroom. Area, 22,308 
acres. Population, 7,491. It gives the title of Earl to the Hely 

55 



Hutchison family ; County Down, Ulster, 4^ miles North of Newry 
Area, 8,396 acres. Population, 4,436 ; County Wicklow, Leinster, 
4 miles North Northeast of Battinglass. Area, 23,428 acres. Poidu- 
lation, 3,910 ; County Wexford, Leinster, 6 mHes South Southeast 
of Gorey, Area, 7,478 acres. Population, 2,497 ; County Queens, 
Leinster, 2^ miles North Northwest of Eathdowney. Area, 3,529 
acres. Population, 1,620; of village, 496; County Meath, 
Leinster. Area, 3,955 acres. Population, 1,524. It comprises 
part of the town of Navan. ; County Limerick, Munster, 2i miles 
South Southeast of Limerick Area, 943 acres. Population, 727 ; 
County Cork, Munster, 7i miles East Southeast of Clona. Area' 
312 acres. Population, 458 ; County Meath, Leinster, 4 miles 
East Southeast of Katoath. Area, 3,413 acres. Population, 391 ; 
County Kildare, Leinster, H miles East Southeast of Maymooth! 
Area, 301 acres. Population, 29. 

DONAGHMOYNE.— Isaparish of County Monaghan, Ulster, 
3 miles North Northeast of Carricknacross. Area, 25,604 acres. 
Population, 15,100. 

DONAGHPATRICK.— There are two parishes by this name. 
One is in County Galway, Connaught, 3 miles East Northeast of 
Headford. Area, 10,342 acres. Population, 3,770 ; another is in 
County Meath, Leinster, 4i miles Northwest of Navan. Area, 
4,028 acres. Population, 786. 

DONEGAL. -Is a maritime County of Ulster. The Counties, 
Tyrone, Londonderry and Fermanagh are on the South and East', 
and on the North and West the Atlantic Ocean and Donegal Bay.' 
Area, 1,185,641 acres ; of which 769,587 are waste. Population 
in 1851, 251,288. The surface is mountainous. The SwiUy and 
Leenan are the principal rivers, and Swilly and Mulroy the 
principal Loughs. The soH is not very fertile and the chief pro- 
ductions are Oats, Barley, Flax and Potatoes. Average rental, 
13s. 7d. The fisheries are very extensive, and employ 13,700 hands 
and 3,000 vessels. Linen is the principal manufacture. The 
County is divided into 6 baronies and 51 parishes. Ballyshannon 
and Letterkenny, with the ports of Eathmelton, Donegal and 
Killybegs are the principal towns. It sends two members to the 
House of Commons. 

DONEGAL BAY.— Is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, extending 
inland about 25 miles, with a breadth at its entrance of 20 miles. 

DONEGAL. — Is a seaport, market town and parish of County 



56 



Donegal, Ulster, at the moutli of the Esk, in Donegal Bay, 11 mHes 
North Northeast of Ballyshannon. Area of parish, 23,2G0. Popu- 
lation, G,588 ; of town, 1,306. Vessels drawing 12 feet enter its 
harbor. There are six Fairs held here AnnuaUy. 

DONERAILE. — Is a market town and parish of County Cork, 
Munster, on the Awbeg river, G miles North Northeast of Mallow. 
Area of parish, 20,412 acres. Population, 8,350 ; of town, 2,722. 
•It is a poor place with some puhhc buQdings. .Market on Saturday. 
Fairs, 12tli of August and 12th of November. It gives the title 
of Viscount to the St. Leger family. 

DONISLE.— (or Dunhill) Is a parish of County Waterford, 
Munster, G miles Southeast of Kilmacthomas. Area, 6,287 acres. 
Population, 2,160. Here are the ruins of the Castle Don-Isle 
destroyed by CromweU. 

DONNYBPiOOK.— (St. Mary's) Is a parish of County Dublin, 
Leinster, 2 miles Southeast of Dubhn. Area, 1,689 acres. Popu- 
lation, 9,825 ; of village, 1,610. Including the small towns of 
Irishtowm, Eingsend and Sandymount. The latter on the Dodder 
has some fine buildings and several mills, but is chiefly famous for 
its Fair held during the week commencing August 26. 

DONOHILL.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, IMunster, 4 

miles North of Tipperary. Area, 13,914acres. Population, 4,834. 

DOOISH. — Is a mountain in County Donegal, Ulster, 10 miles 

West Northwest of Letterkenny. • Height, 2,143 feet above the 

sea. 

DOON.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 9 miles 
North Northwest of Tipperary. Area, 27,630 acres. Population, 
7,895. 

DOUCE. — (vulg Djouce) Is a mountain in County Wicklow, 
Leinster, 5^ miles South Southwest of Bray. Elevation, 2,392 
feet. 

DOA^^. — Is a maritime County of Ulster, having Counties, 
Antrim and Armagh on the West and on other sides the Irish Sea 
and Belfast Lough. Area, 611,209 acres ; of which about 514,000 
are arable. Population in 1851, 325,575. It is sej^arated on the 
South by Carlingford Bay, and on the West by the Newry Canal 
and Lagan river. The Bann and Anahill rivers are also in this 
County. Lough Strangford, Dundrum Bay and the Mourne 
mountains are also in this County. Surface is generally mountain- 
ous, but in some places it is very fertile. The rural population are 

57 



said to be better off in this than in many other Irish Counties. 
The principal crops are Potatoes, Oats, Barley and Flax. The 
fisheries are very extensive, employing about 14,000 hands. Linens, 
Muslins, Leather, Hosiery, Cotton Thread and Salt are the chief 
manufactured products, which are exported with Butter, Corn, 
Pork, Hide and Skins. This County is subdivided into 10 baronies 
and 70 parishes in the diocese of Down and Dromore. Down- 
patrick, Newton-Ardes and Newry are the principal towns. This 
County returns two members to the House of Commons. 

DOWNPATRICK. — Is a municipal and parliamentary borough, ' 
seaport town and parish of County Down, Ulster, near the mouth 
of the Quoyle, in Lough Strangford, 21 miles South Southeast of 
Belfast. Area of parish, 11,485 acres. Population, 8,812. Area 
of borough, 1,487 acres. Population, 4,866 ; of town, 4,651. It 
is well built and consists chiefly of four streets, and is divided into 
English, Irish and Scotch quarters, and contains some fine public 
buildings. Market, Saturdays. There are twelve Fairs held here 
Annually. Near the town are the ruins of the old Cathedral, a 
remarkable ancient mound, a race course on which races take 
place every other July, and was much resorted to by Koman 
Catholic Pilgrims. It is the seat of County Assizes, Quarter and 
Petty Sessions, andsends one member to the House of Commons. 

DRIMOLEAGUE. — (or Deomdaleague) Is a parish of County 
Cork, Munster, 8 miles East Southeast of Bantry. Area, 18,708 
acres. Population, 5,501. 

DKIMTEMPLE.— (or Drumotemple) Is a parish of Counties, 
Galway and Koscommon, Connaught, 4 miles South Southeast of 
Castlerea. Area, 6,531 acres. Population, 2,878. 

DKINAH. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Cork, Munster, 3i miles South of Dunmanway. Area, 
12,869 acres. Population, 4,598. Another is in County Wexford, 
Leinster, li miles South Southeast of Wexford. Area, 1,171 
acres. Population, 436. 

DKISHANE. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
33,085 acres. Population, 8,868. It comprises the town of 
Millstreet. 

DROGHEDA. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, sea- 
port and town of Counties, Meath and Louth, Leinster, on both 
sides of the Boyne river, 4 miles from its mouth, and 31^ miles 
North of Dubhn. Area, 497 acres. Population in 1851, 16,845 ; 



of parliamentary borough, 17,300. It is generally well built and 
contains man}' fine buildings and does considerable manufacturing. 
The harbor and river is much improved, and vessels of 200 tons 
can ascend the river to the bridge. Markets, Thursdays and 
Saturdays. There are eight Fairs held here Annually. Assizes, 
Quarter and Petty Sessions are held- here, and the borough sends 
one member to the House of Commons. It gives the title of 
IMarquis to the Moore family. 

DROMAGH.— Is a village of County Cork, Munster, 5^ miles 
Southwest of Kanturk. There are large Collieries, Bolting Mills, 
and a great quantity of coarse Potteiy is manufactured. 

DROMxlHAIEE. — Is a barony and village of County Leitrim, 
Connaught, 7^ miles East Southeast of Sligo. Population, 348. 

DEOMARAGH. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 6 miles 
East Southeast of Dromore. Area, 21,192 acres. Population, 
10,070 ; of village, 220. 

DROiMCLIFEE.— (or Ogoomuck) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster. Area, 9,9G8 acres. Population, 13,211. It comprises 
the town of Ennis. 

DROMIN. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Limerick, Munster, 3 miles South Southwest of Bruff. 
Area, 4,096 acres. Population, 1.375. Another is in County 
Louth, Leinster, li miles West Northwest of Dunleer. Area, 
2,042 acres. Population, 863. 

DROMID. — Is a j)arish of County Kerry, Munster, 7 miles South 
Southeast of Cahirciveen. Area, 50,702 acres. Population, 5,247. 
The surface is rugged. 

DROMISKIN. — Is a parish of County Louth, Leinster, 2 miles 
North of Castle-BeUingham. Area, 5,312 acres. Population, 2,036. 

DROMORE. — Is a i)arish and city of County Down, Ulster, on 
the Lagan river, 14f miles Southwest of Belfast, on the road to 
Dublin. Area, 20,488 acres. Population, 14,954 ; of city, 2,110. 
The town is well built and has many good buildings, and a good 
trade in Linens, as many of the inhabitants are engaged in its 
manufacture. It has County Petty Sessions. There are eight 
Fairs held here Annually. The Diocese comprises 27 parishes, 
in Counties, Down, Antrim and Armagh. Is also the name of a 
parish of County Tyrone, 8^ miles Southwest of Omagh. Area, 
25,492 acres. Population, 10,601. 

DROUMTARIFF.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 4 

59 



miles South Southwest of Kanturk. Area, 15,224 acres. Popu- 
lation, 7,261. 

DKUM. — There are two jDarishes by this name. One (or Elak- 
deium) is in County Eoscommon, Connaught, 5^- miles Soutliwest 
of Atblone. Area, 16,149 acres. Population, 5,048. Another is 
in County Mayo, Connaught, 5 miles Southeast of Castlebar. 
Area, 7,768 acres. Population, 4,127. 

DKUMACHOSE.— Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster. 
Area, 11,685 acres. Population, 5,463. It comprises the town of 
Newton-Limavaddy. 

DRUMAUL. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster. Area, 
32,394 acres. Population, 9,818. It includes the town of Randals- 
town. 

DRUMBALLYRONEY.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. 
Area, 12,339 acres. Population, 9,138. It comprises part of the 
town of Rathfriland. 

DRUMBOE.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 4 miles East 
of Lisburn. Area, 13,793 acres. Population, 8,271. 

DRUMCANNON.— Is a parish of County Waterford, Munster, 
7 miles South of Waterford. Area, 7,672 acres. Population, 3,988. 
It includes the town of Tramore. 

DRUMCLIFFE.— Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 4 
miles North of Sligo. Area, 26,590 acres. Population, 12,982. 

DRUMCOLLIKER.— Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
lOi miles West of Charleville. Area, 4,846 acres. Population, 
2,781. 

DRUMCONDRA.— (or Drumconra) Is a parish of County 
Meath, Leinster, 4 miles East Northeast of Nobber. Area, 7,926 
acres. Population, 3,013 ; of village, 419. There are four Fairs 
held here Annually. Is also the name of a village of County 
Dublin, Leinster, 2 miles North of Dublin. Population, 227. 

DRUMCOREE.— Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster. Area, 
13,386 acres. Population, 14,038. It comprises the town of 
Portadown. Is also the name of a village of County Meath, 
Leinster. 

DRUMCULLEN.— Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 5 
milps South Southwest of Baltyboy. Area, 13,904 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,608. 

DRUMGATH. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. Area, 
5,331 acres. Population, 4,608, with town of Rathfriland. 

60 



DRUMGLASS.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
3,501 acres. Population, G,089, with town of Dungannon. 

DRUMGOOLAND.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. 
Area, 19,G53 acres. Population, 10,507. 

DHUMGOON. — Is a jDarish of County Cavan, Ulster. Area, 
15,475 acres. Population, 12,575, with town of Cootehill. 

DPiUMHOLM. — (or Drumhome) Is a parish of County Donegal, 
Ulster, 4 miles North of Ballyshannon. Area, 35,433 acres. Popu- 
lation, 9,893. 

DliUMKEERAN.— Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 
li miles North Northwest of Kesh. Area, 27,159 acres. Popu- 
lation, 8,751. It comprises part of the town of Pettigoe. Is also 
the name of a village of County Leitrim, Connaught, 5h miles 
South Southeast of Dromahaire. Population, 469. 

DRUMLANE. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster. Area, 
20,0GG acres. Population, 9,438. 

DRUMLEASE. — Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
Gh miles Northwest of Sligo. Area, 15,271 acres. Population, 
8,807. 

DRU]MLOMAN.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 2i miles 
East Northeast of Granard. Area, 17,248 acres. Population 
8,807. 

DRUMMULLY. — Is a parish of Counties, Monaghan and 
Fermanagh, Ulster, 4 miles West Southwest of Clone. Area, 7,547 
acres. Population, 4,534. 

DRUMQUIN.— Is a viUage of County Tyrone, Ulster, U miles 
West of Omagh. Population, 452. There are eight Fairs held 
here Annually. 

DRUMRAGH. — Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
20,1G4 acres. Popiilation, 11,453. It comprises the town of 
Omagh. 

DRUMRANEY.— (or Drumrath) Is a parish of County West- 
meath, Leinster, 8-^ miles Northeast of Athlone. Area, 9,102 acres. 
Population, 3,3G7. 

DRUMREILLY. — Is a parish of County Leitrim, chiefly in 
Connaught, 4 miles East Northeast of BaUinamore. Area, 33,G73 
acr(s. Population, 10,289. 

DKUMSHAMBO.— Is a village of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
4i- miles North of Leitrim, on the Shannon river. Population, 
517. 



Gl 



DRUMSNA. — Is a small but stirHng market town of County 
Leitrim, Connauglit, on tlie Shannon river, 4i miles East South- 
east of Carrick. Population, 516. 

DRUMSNAT.— Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster, 4^ 
miles South Southwest of Monaghan. Area, 5,019 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,439. 

DRUNG. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, G miles East 
Northeast of Cavan. Area, 1,475 acres. Population, 6,551. 

DUBLIN. — Is the capital city of Ireland, County Dublin, Lein- 
ster. It is situated on the Liifey river, near its entrance into 
Dublin Bay, 66 miles West of Holyhead and 135 miles West of 
Liverpool. Latitude of its observatory, 53^ 23' 2^' North. Longi- 
tude, 6° 20' 5" West. Population in 1851, 287,729. The citj 
proper is nearly surrounded by the circular road, 9 miles in length, 
and Avhich (with a branch of the Grand Canal on the South and 
Southeast) encloses an area of- 1,264 acres, intersected from West 
to East by the Liffey river, which is hero crossed by a number of 
bridges and bordered by Granite docks 2k miles in length. 

DUBLIN CASTLE.— An edifice of different ages, built on a 
hill and containing an Arsenal, an Armory, the Vice-regal Chapel 
and various government offices. The state- apartments of the 
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, who, however, resides generally at a 
mansion in Phoenix Park, is almost in the centre of the Southern 
half of the-city. Adjoining the castle on the South side are its 
gardens, and on its North side is the elegant Exchange. A line of 
streets extending from which may be considered, with the Liffey, 
divide Dublin into four parts. The Southwestern part or quarter 
is mostly ill-built, irregular and filthy ; in this part are Christ 
Church and St. Patrick's Cathedrals, the Archbishop's Palace, 
and the Royal and Foundhng Hospitals. The Northwestern quarter 
is much better built than the former, and is principally occupied 
by the trading and middle classes. On its outskirts arc many good 
edifices, including the new House of Industry, Richmond Peni- 
tentiary and the new Courts of Law erected on King's Inn Quay. 
The Eastern quarter is the handsomest ; and the finest approach is 
from the Northeast. Sackville Street, one of the finest thorough- 
fares in Europe, the Post Office and Rotunda, are in this portion, 
and in its centre, the Nelson Pillar, a Doric Column, 134 feet 
in height, and surmounted by a Statue. The Custom House and 
Marlboro' Green are also in this quarter. The Southeast quarter 

62 



comprises St. Stephen's Green, in which is the equestrian statue 
of George II., Mcrrion and FitzwiUiam Squares, College Green, 
(now a paved area, on which is the Bank of Ireland,) Trinity 
College, a Bronze Statue of William TIL, Dame street. Sir P. 
Dun's Hospital, the Dublin Koyal Society House and the Man- 
sion House, near which is an equestrian Statue of George I. 
There are many other handsome buildings, among which are St. 
George's Church, which has a steeple 200 feet in height. There 
are 29 Protestant, 9 Eoman Catholic and many other Churches 
of the different denominations, the Commercial Buildings, 
Corn Exchange, Royal Hospital at Kilmainhan, various Bar- 
racks, the new Inns of Court, the County Infirmary, Richmond 
Surgical, Dubhn, St. Vincent's, Steven's, Mercer's, and several 
other general hospitals, th^ General Dispensary, the Richmond 
Lunatic Asylum and numerous other Charitable Institutions, the 
city Assembly House, Corporate Halls, Sessions House, Newgate, 
and several other prisons, and several Theatres. Its University, 
chartered in 1591, is situated in Trinity College, and is attended 
by about 2,000 students, and possesses a landed revenue of £15,000 
a year, a Library of 150,000 volumes, a Park, Printing House, 
Anatomical and Chemical Departments, a Botanic Garden and an 
Observatory. There are also CoUeges of Physicians and Surgeons, 
an Apothecaries Hall, Royal, Irish and Hibernian Academies, a 
Royal Institution, Zoological, Geological, Phrenological, Agricul- 
tural, Horticultural and other Societies. The Zoological society 
has gardens in the Phoenix Park, a fine open space at the West 
extremity of the city, in which is the Wellington Testimonial, 
on a heavy obehsk, raised at a cost of £20,000. The villages of 
Ringsend, Irishtown, Sandymount, Ballesbridge, Donnybrook, 
Ranelagh, Rathmiues, Harold's Cross. Kilmainham, Glassnevin, 
Drumcondra and Clontarf, are suburbs of Dublin. Dublin has 
communications with all points, by the Grand and Royal Canal, 
by railroad, and inland and Ocean steamers. It has a fine harbor 
of 3,030 acres, and near the mouth of the Liffey are the Grand 
Canal Lnd Custom House docks, the latter occupying 8 acres ; 
depth at low water, 12 feet, at high water, 24 feet ; the wharfs and 
docks are accessible to vessels of 900 tons. There was formerly 
a large trade done in Woolen, Silk and Cotton Fabrics, but the 
principal trade now is in the export of Linens, Pophns, Porter, 
Provisions, &c. The Corporation consists of the Lord Mayor and 

c 

G3 



15 Aldermen and 45 toAvn Counsellors, elected out of the 15 
Municipal Wards. Besides the Lord Mayor's weekly Courts, there 
are Courts of Conscience for debts under 40 shillings ; and 5 
Manor Courts. The See o± the Archbishop comprises the Counties, 
Dublin and Wicklow, with part of Kildare, and his jurisdiction is 
nearly co-extensive with the provinces of Leinster and Munster. 
Dublin is divided into 20 parishes and 15 Municipal Wards, and 
sends two members to the House of Commons. It is also the seat 
of a Chamber of Commerce and the Ouzel Gallery Society for the 
arbitration of commercial disputes. 

DUBLIN BAY. — Is a bay of County Dubhn, Leinster ; situated 
between Howth Head on the North, with Baily Light-house, Lati- 
tude 53*^ 21' 40" North, Longitude, G^ 3' 5'' West, and Kingston 
on the South, with the Light-house. Latitude, 53^^ 18' North. 
Longitude, 6^ S' West. The villages of Ratneny, Clontarf, Black- 
rock and Kingstown are on its shores, which are bold and 
picturesque. 

DUBLIN. — Is a County of Leinster, having the Irish sea on the 
East, and from North to South having the Counties, Wicklow, 
Kildare and Meath. Area, 22G,414 acres ; of which 19,312 acres 
are uncultivated, and 1,820 acres are in towns, excluding Dublin 
city. Population in 1851, 146,G31, excluding the capital. The 
Liffey is the principal river, and the chief towns are Dublin, 
Kingstown, Blackrock, Balbriggan and Swords. The surface is 
level and the County is much sub-divided. The fisheries and 
manufactures are very important. This County sends two members 
to the House of Commons. 

DULEEK. — Is a disfranchised borough, market town and parish 
of County Meath, Leinster, on the Nanny Water river, 5 miles 
South Southwest of Drogheda. Area of parish, 1G,554 acres. 
Population, 5,594 ; of town, 1,158. It has the remains of an 
Abbey of the 12th Century. 

DUMANWAY.— Is a market- town of County Cork, Munster, 
near the junction of the three streams which form the Bandon 
river, 29 miles West Southwest of Cork. Population, 3,086. It 
has a large Church and some public buildings. 

DUNAGHY. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 5^ miles 
North of Ballymena. Area, 13,743 acres. Population, 3,881. 

DUNAMANAGH.— Is a village of County Tyrone, Ulster, 8 
miles East Northeast of Strabane. 



64 



DUNBOE. — Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, 5 miles 
West Nortliwest of Coleraine. Area, 14,811 acres. Population, 
4,G27. 

DUNBOYNE.— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 9^ miles 
Northwest of Dublin. Area, 13,68G acres. Population, 2,347. 

DUNCxlNNON. — Is a maritime village of County Wexford, 
Leinster,' on Waterford Harbor, 2 miles South Southeast of Bally- 
hack. Population, 521. It gives the title of Viscount to the Earl 
of Besborough. 

DUNDALK. — There are two baronies, a parliamentary and 
municipal borough, seaport town and parish of County Louth, 
Leinster, on the South bank of Castletown river, near its mouth 
in Dundalk Bay, 45 miles Northwest of Dublin. Area of parish, 
G,202 acres. Population, 13,204. Area of town and borough, 450 
acres. Population in 1851, 9,995. It is principally poor and 
miserably built, but has some good streets and fine buildings and 
manufactories. Its fisheries arc important. Markets, Monday. 
Fairs, the third Wednesday in each month. It is the seat of 
County Assizes, Quarter and Petty Sessions, and sends one member 
to the House of Commons. 

DUNDALK BAY. — Is an inlet of the Irish sea of no import- 
ance, between Coolry and Dunmany points. It is the outlet of 
the Dee, Fane and Castletown rivers, and contains large Oyster 
Beds. 

DUNDRUM BAY.— Is a bay of the Irish sea, County Down, 
Ulster, 7 miles Southwest of Downpatrick, having St. Johns point 
on its Northeast side and on the Southwest the Mourne mountains. 
There arc also two villages of this name : one in the inner harbor 
of this bay, another in County Dubhn, Leinster, 4i miles South 
of Dublin. 

DUNEAN. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 8^ miles 
West Northwest of Antrim. Area, 30,128 acres. Population, 
G,3G9. 

DUNFANAGHY.— Is a market town of County Donegal, Ulster, 
on the South side of Dunfanaghy harbor, 12 2^ miles Northwest of 
Kilmacrenan. 

DUNFEENEY. — (or Doonfeeny.) Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connitught, 10 miles Northwest of Killala. Area, 31,251 acres. 
Poj)ulation, 4,819. 

DUNGANNON. — Is a jDarhamentary and municipal borough, 

4 
65 



and market town of County Tyrone, Ulster, near a branch of the 
Blackwater, 11 miles North Northwest of Armagh. Area, 230 
acres. Population of town and parhamentary borough, 3,801. 
It is well built and has a good Church and other buildings, and 
manufactories of Linen and Earthenware. Markets on Monday 
and Thursday. Fairs, first Thursday of every month. The 
borough sends one member to the House of Commons. It gives 
the title of Viscount to the Hill-Trevor family. 

DUNGANSTOWN.— Is a parish of County Wicklow, Leinster, 
5 miles South Southwest of "Wicklow. Area, 14,287 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,434. 

DUNG ARYAN. — Is a parhamentary and municipal borough, 
and seaport town and parish of County Waterford, Munster, 25 
miles West Southwest of Waterford, on the Colligan river, near 
its mouth in Dungarvan bay. Area of parish, 9,413 ; of borough, 
8,499. Population of parish, 13,321 ; of boj'ough, 12,382 ; of 
town iu 1851, 6,417. It is neatly built and much resorted to for 
sea-bathing There are some fine edifices and public buildings. 
It has a small trade, as its harbor is not fitted for vessels over 150 
tons. Markets daily. There are four Fairs held here Annually. 
It has County, Quarter and Petty Sessions, and sends one member 
to the House of Commons. It gives the title of Viscount to the 
Earl of Cork. Is also the name of a parish of County Kilkenny, 
Leinster, 3 miles West Southwest of Gowran. Area, 5,881 acres. 
Population, 1,806. 

DUNGIVEN. — Is a market town and parish of County London- 
derry, Ulster, 16i miles East Southeast of Londonderry. Area, 
29,328 acres. Population, 5,169 ; of town, 1,016. The town is 
well built and has some remains of an old Castle. Market, Satur- 
day. There are eight Fairs held here Annually. 

DUNLAVAN. — Is a town and parish of County Wicklow, 
Leinster, 5 miles Northwest of Dunard. Area, 5,852 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,594 ; of town, 990. 

DUNLECKNEY.— Is a parish of County Carlow, Leinster. 
Area, 7,956 acres. Population, 4,743. 

DUNLEER. — Is a disfranchised borough and parish of County 
Louth, Leinster, 11 miles South of Dundalk. Area, 2,379 acres. 
Population, 1,551 ; of town, 808. 

DUNLUCE. — Is a parish of County Antrun, Ulster. Area, 



9,381 acres. Population, 3,381. It comprises part of the town of 
Bushmills. 

DUNMANWAY.— Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, 
13 miles West of Bandon. Population, 3,08G. 

DUNjMORE. — Is a town and parish of County Galway, Con- 
naught, 7i miles North Northeast of Tuam. Area, 34,939 acres. 
Population, 11,775 ; of town, 917. Is also the name of a parish 
of County Kilkenny, Leinster, 3^ miles West Northwest of Kil- 
kenny. Area, 2,380 acres. Population, 767. Is also the name of 
a seaport town of County Waterford, Munster, 8^ miles Southeast 
of AVaterford, on Waterford harbor. Population, 302. It is well 
bmlt and much frequented as a watering place. 

DUNSHAUGHLIN. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Meath, Leinster, 11 miles South Southeast of Navan. Area, 3,264 
acres. Population, 1,581 ; of town, 524. 

DUNSINSK. — Is a village of County Dublin, Leinster, 4 miles 
West Northwest of Dubhn Castle. 

DURAS. — (or Ki^varua-Durras. ) Is a parish of County Galway, 
Connaught, 8 miles Northwest of Gort. Area, 11,290 acres. 
Population, 6,586. It comprises the town of Kinvarra. 

DURROW. — Is a market town and j)arish of Counties, Kilkenny 
and Queens, Leinster, 5^ miles South Southwest of Abbeyleix. 
Area, 6,529 acres. Popiilation, 2,977 ; of town, 1,318. It has 
large Flour Mills. Is also the name of a parish of County Kings, 
Leinster, 4 miles North of Tullamore. Area, 9,773 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,922. 

DURRUS. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 3 miles South 
Southwest of Bantry. Area, 11,138 acres. Population, 4,483. 

DURSEY. — Is an Island off the Southwest extremity of Munster, 
between the estuary of the Kenmore river and Bantry bay. Popu- 
lation, 200. 

DYSERT. — (or Dysakt.) There are numerous parishes by this 
name, as follows, viz : County Kilkenny, Leinster, Ah miles South- 
east of Castlecomer. Area, 7,938 acres. Population, 2,369 ; 
County Clare, Munster, 2 miles South of Carrofin. Area, 7,251 
acres. Population, 1,933 ; County Roscommon, Coimaught, 63- 
miles South Southeast of Mount Talbot. Area, 6,569 acres. Popu- 
lation, 1,793; County Kerry, Munster, 1* miles South of Castle 
Island. Area, 6,070 acres. Population, 1,529 ; County Waterford t 
Munster, 8 miles East of Clonmel. Area, 5,396 acres. Population, 

67 



1.406 ; County Kerry, Munster, Gk miles Southwest of Listowel. 
Area, 6,149 acres. Population, 1,295 ; County Westmeath, Leinster, 
5 miles. South Southwest of Mullingar. Area, 7,417 acres. Popu- 
lation, 1,129 ; County Louth, Leinster, 2 miles East of Dunleer. 
Area, 1,912 acres. Population, 608 ; Countj^ Limerick, Munster, 
3^ miles South Southeast of Adore. Area, 910 acres. Population, 
170 ; Gallen is in County Queens, Leinster. Area, 10,781 acres. 
Population, 4,342, including the town of Ballinakilly. 

EAGLEISLAND. — Is an island in the Atlantic of County 
Mayo, Connaught, 4 miles West Southwest of Erris-Head. It 
has two Light-houses. Latitude, 54^ 7' North, Longitude, 10° 6' 
West. 

EAGLE MOUNTAIN.— County Down, Ulster, is one of the 
highest of the Mourne mountains Elevation, 2,084 feet. 

EAGLESNEST.— (the) Is a rock of County Kerry, Munster, 
between the upper and middle lakes of Killarney, 4 miles South- 
west of Killarney. It is an almost perpendicular crag, 1,300 feet 
in height. 

EASKEY. — Is a village and parish of County Roscommon 
Connaught, 19h miles South Southwest of Sligo, on river of same 
name. Area, 13,285. Population, 6,349. There are two Fairs 
held here Annually. 

EASTEESNOW.— Is a parish of County Eoscommon, Con- 
naught, 4 miles East Soutl*east of Boyle. Area, 6,457 acres. Pop- 
ulation, 2.035. 

EDENDEEEY. — Is a market town of County Kings, Leinster, 
near the bog of AUen, 32-2- miles West of Dubhn. Population, 
1,850. 

EDGEWOETHSTOWN.— Is a parish of County Longford, 
Leinster, 6f miles East Southeast of Longford. Area, 10,943 
acres. Population, 4,933. There are six Fairs held here Annually. 

EGLISH. — Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 33" miles 
• North Northeast of Birr. Area, 14,799 acres. Population, 3,494. 
Is also the name of a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 4 miles 
North Northeast of Tynan. Area, 10,500 acres. Population, 5,601. 
The residence of the Earl of Charlemont "Elm Park" is in this 
parish. Is also the name of a village of County Tyrone, Ulster. 

EIEKE. — Is a parish of Counties, Queens and Kilkenny, Leins- 
, ter, 4 miles North Northwest of Urlingford. Area, nearly 19,000 
acres. Population, 5,678. 

68 



ELPHIN. — Is a market town, parish and bishop's See of Comity 
Roscommon, Connaught, ITi miles West Northwest of Longford. 
Area, of parish, 12,544 acres. Population, G,781 ; of town, 1r,551. 
There is some of the finest pasturages in the Kingdom in this 
parish. The diocese comprises 7G parishes in Counties, Eoscom- 
mon, Galway, Shgo and Mayo, and is uo^v annexed to the Sees of 
Kihnorc and Ardagh. The jDoet Goldsmith is said by some to 
have been born here. 

ELY. — Is a beautiful demesne of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 
consisting of several islets at the head of lower Lough Erne, 4 
miles North of Enniskillen. It gives the title of Marquis to the 
Loftus family. 

EMATRIS. — Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster, 3h miles 
West of Ballybay. Area, 12,298 acres. Population, 7,643. 

EMLY. — Is a small market town and Episcopal parish of County 
Tippcrary, Munstcr, 8 miles W^est Southwest of Tipperary. Area 
of parish, 9,183 acres. Population, 4,011 ; of town, GoO. 

EMLYEADD. — Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, and 
IL} miles South Southwest of Sligo. Area, 9,453 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,811. It has the ruins of a smaU Abbey and Castle built 
in 1300, and comprises the town of Ballymote. 

ENFIELD.— Is a village of County Meath, Leinster, 24 miles 
West Northwest of Dublin. 

ENNEL. — (or Belvedeee.) Is a Lough of County Westmeath, 
Leinster, 2 miles South Southwest of MuUingar. Area, 3,G03 acres. 
ENNIS.- — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough and market 
town of County Clare, Munster, on the river Fergus, 20 miles West 
Northwest of Limerick. Population in 1851, 8,623. It contains 
all the usual buildings, churches, etc. Markets, Tuesday and 
Saturday. Fairs, April 25 and September 3. The borough sends 
one member to the House of Commons. 

ENNISCOETHY. — Is a municipal borough and market towa 
of County Wexford, Leinster, 12 miles North Northwest of Wex- 
ford. Population about 7,000. It contains a Court House, Bride- 
well, Pioman CatLohc Cathedral, etc. Markets, three times a week. 
Fairs, monthly-. General sessions at Easter and Michaelmas. It 
was the scene of frightful outrages during the rebeUion of 1793. 
ENNISKENN. — Is a parish of Counties, Cavan a.nd Meath, 
Ulster and Leinster. Area, 21,000 acres. Population, 11,548. 

69 



: ENNISKERRY.— Is a village of County Wicklow, Leinster, 11 
miles South Southeast of Dubihi. Population, 448. 

ENNISKILLEN. — Is a parhamentary and municipal borough, 
market town, parish and capital of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 
mostly situated on an island in the river connecting upper and lower 
Lough Erne, 87 miles Northwest of Dublin. Area of parish, 
26,500 acres. Population of town, 8,700. It is well built and 
has a County Court House and Prison, a Town Hall in which is 
still preserved the banners of the battle of the Boyne, Union 
Work-House, etc. Markets, Tuesday and Thursda3^ It sends 
one member to the House of Commons, and gives the title of Earl 
to the Cole family, by whom it was founded in 1G41. The inhabi- 
tants warmly supported the Protestant cause in 1689. 

ENNISTRAHUL.~Is a smaU island off the North coast of 
County Donegal, Ulster, 7 miles East Northeast of Malin Head- 
It has a Light-house with a revolving light. 

ENNTSTYMON.— Is a market town of County Clare, Munster, 
near the mouth of the river of the same name in Liscanor bay, 
14^ miles West Northwest of Ennis. Population, 2,089. It has 
a Union Work-House, etc. There are seven Fairs held here 
Annually. 

EKNE. — Is a river and two celebrated Loughs of Ireland. The 
river issues from Lough Ganny, County Cavan, Ulster, and flows 
into upper and lower Loughs Erne. Length, including the two 
Loughs, about GO miles. Area of upper Lough, 9,453 acres ; of 
lower Lough, 27,645 acres. These waters are connected by the 
Ulster Canal with Loughs, Neagh and Belfast. 

ERRIGAL. — Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, 5 miles 
West Northwest of Kilrea. Area, 19,625 acres. Population, 
5,784. Kerogue is also the name of a parish of County Tyrone, 
Ulster. Area, 21,139 acres. Population, 9,171. Trough is also 
the name of a parish of Counties, Monaghan and Tyrone, Ulster. 
Area, 25,000 acres. Population, 9,585. 

ERRIS. — Is a maritime district or barony of County M-Eljo, 
Connaught. Area, 232,889 acres. Population, 26,428. The 
scenery is very wild and desolate. Errishead is a lofty promontory 
in this district, forming the West ^Doint of the bay of Broadliaven, 
5^ miles North of Belmallet. 

ESK. — Is a Lough of County Donegal, Ulster, 3 miles North 
Northeast of Donegal. Area, 976 acres. It is very beautiful. 

70 



ESK. — Is a mountain range between the Counties of Cork and 
Kerry, IMunster. 

EYRECOUIIT. — (or Aircourt.) Is a smaU market town of 
County Gal way, Connaught, 5 miles Northwest of Banagher. 
Population, 1,419. The residence of the Eyre family is in this 
vicinity. 

FAHAN. — There are two parishes by this name. One in County 
Donegal, Ulster, (or lower,) is on Lough Swilly. Area, mostly 
mountainous, 24,782 acres. Population, 5,823. Another (or 
ui)pcr) 2^ miles South of Buncrana. Area, 10,040 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,949. 

FAIR-HEAD. — (or Benmore Head.) Is a promontory on the 
North coast of County Antrim, Ulster, 5^ miles East Northeast of 
Ballycastle. It is 530 feet in height. 

FANLOBBUS. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
35,G0o acres. Population, 12,253. It comprises tlie town of Dun- 
manway. 

FANNET-POINT.— Is a headland of County Donegal, Ulster. 
It has a Light-house on it and is on the West side of the entrance 
to Lough Swilly. 

FxVUGHAN V ALE. — Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, 
6 miles East Northeast of Londonderry. Area, 18,582 acres. Pop- 
ulation, 5,929. 

FEACLE. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 5 miles West 
Northwest of Scariff. Area, 3G,972 acres. Population, 10,156. 

FEALE. — Is a river of Counties, Cork, Limerick and Kerry, 
Munster. It flows Northwest and joins the Shannon river near 
Guisborough by a navigable branch called the Cashen. Length 
30 miles. 

FENAGH. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Leitrim, Connaught, 2^ miles South Squihwest of Balhna- 
more. Area about 9,800 acres. Population, 4,426. Another is 
in County Carlow, Leinster, 5 miles East Southeast of Leighlin 
Bridge. Population, 4,314. 

FENNIT. — Is an island off the coast of County Kerry, Munster, 
forming the division between Tralee and BaUyheigue Bays, 8 miles 
West Northwest of Tralee. Area, 686 acres. Population, 215. 

FERBANE. — Is a village of County Kings, Leinster, on the 
Brosna river, 9 miles Northeast of Banagher. PojDulation, 537. 

FERGUS. — Is a river of County Clare, Munster, and flows into 



the Shannon by a broad estuary after a Southeast course of 27 
miles. 

FERMANAGH.— Is an inland County of Ulster, bounded by 
the Counties, Donegal, Tyrone, Monaghan, Cavan, Leitrim and 
Connaught. Area, 457,195 acres ; of which 114,847 acres are 
waste, and 46,755 acres are under water. The surface is varied 
and the soil is a rich loam. Farms mostly very small and agricul- 
ture very backward except in the Northern portion. Oats, Barley, 
Wheat, Flax and Potatoes are the principal productions of the 
soil. Fermanagh is divided into 8 baronirs and 18 parishes, 15 of 
which are in the diocese of Clogher. It sends 3 members to the 
House of Commons. 

FERMOY. — Is a market town and parish of County Cork, 
Munster, 19 miles North Northeast of Cork, on the right bank of 
the Blackwater. Population of town in 1851, 5,844. The town is 
weU built and the streets are fine. There is a handsome bridge of 
13 arches erected in 1689, Barracks for 3,000 troops, Churches, 
etc. It has extensive Flour Mills and a large trade in agricultural 
produce. 

FINGAL. — Is a district of County Dublin, Leinster. It gives 
the title of Earl to the Plunkett family. It was originally settled 
by emigrants from Finland and Norway, and they stiU retain a 
dialect and other marks of their foreign origin. 

FIN GLASS. — Is a parish of County Dubhn, Leinster, 4 miles 
North Northwest of Dubhn. Area, 4,696 acres. Population, 
2,187. Fair, May 6; the ancient "May Sports" which attract 
great numbers from Dubhn. The poet Parnell was Vicar of Fin- 
glass. 

FINTONA.— Is a market town of County Tyrone, Ulster, 8 
miles Northwest of Clongher. Population, 1,327. 

FINVOY. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 4 miles South 
Southwest of BaUymoney. Area, 16,474 acres. Population, 6,405. 

FLISK — Is a small river which flows into the Lakes of Killarney. 

FORE. — Is a decayed town of County Westmeath, Leinster, 3 
miles East of Castle-Pollard. Population, 119, 

FORKHILL. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 8 miles 
South Southwest of Newry. Area, 12,600 acres. Population, 
8,128. 

FORTH MOUNTAINS.— Is a range of hiUs in County Wexford, 
Leinster, 4 miles West of Wexford. 



72 



FOXFORD. — Is a small market town of County Mayo, Con- 
nan glit, 9 miles South of Ballina. Population, G80. It has a 
Market House and Barracks. 

FOYLE. — Is a river of the province of Ulster, rises at Lifford 
by the junction of the rivers Finn and Mourne, flows North for 14 
miles and empties into Lough Foyle. It is navigable for vessels 
of GOO tons to Londonderry and has a large Salmon fishery. 

FOYLE. — (Lough) Is a small arm of the sea forming the 
estuary of the above river, 18 miles in length. 

FRANKFOED. — Is a market town of County Kings, Leinster, 
84^ miles Northeast of Birr. Population, 1,345. 

FRANKFOET. — Is a desmesne of County Killvenny, Leinster, 
3| miles Northeast of Ullingford. It gives the title of Baron to 
the Montmorency family, descendants of the nephew of Earl 
Strongbow. 

FEESHFOED. — Is a market town of County Kilkenny, 9 miles 
North Northwest of Kilkenny. Population, 2,075. It has an 
ancient Church, formerly part of an Abbey. 

FUEETY. — Is a parish of County Eoscommon, Connaught, 
3i miles West Southwest of Eoscommon. Area, 13,375 acres. 
Population, 5,810. 

GALBALLY. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 7 
miles South Southwest of Tipperary. Area, 15,457 acres. Popu- 
lation, G,651. 

GALLOON. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster. Area 
about 25,000 acres. Population, 11,135. It comprises the village 
of Newton Butler. 

GALLYHEAD. — Is a promontory of County Cork, Munster, 
between Eoss and Clonakilty bays. 

GALTEE MOUNTAINS.— Are a range of mountains extending 
from East to West for about 20 miles, between Cahir in County 
Tipper aiy, and CharlesviUe in County Limerick, Munster ; some of 
them are over 2,000 feet in height. 

GAL WAY. — Is a maritime County of Connaught, having the 
Counties, Mayo and Eoscommon on the North, Counties, Eoscom- 
mon, Kings and Tipperary on the East, County Clare and the Bay 
of Galway on the South, and on the West the Atlantic Ocean. 
Area, 1,5G5,72G acres, of which about 800,000 acres are waste and 
water. Population in 1851, 298,129. The surface in the East is 
flat and fertile, interspersed with bogs, but in the West and on the 

73 



coast is mountainous and rocky. The climate is good, being mild 
and humid. The Shannon, Black and Suck are the princij^al 
rivers. Agriculture is very backward, the land being better adap- 
ted for grazing, and the breed of long-horned cattle is much 
esteemed. Average rent of land, 12s. Id. per acre. The fisheries 
are very valuable. The County, which is second in size in Ireland, 
is divided into 2 Eidings, East and West, and comprises IG baronies 
and 116 parishes in the diocese of Clonfert, Tuam, Kilmacdaugh, 
Elphin and Killaloe. This County sends four members to the 
House of Commons. The chief towns are Galway, Tuam and 
Ballinsaloe. 

GALWAY. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, seaport 
and market town of County Galway, Connaught, situated at the 
mouth of the river flowing from Lough Corrib into Galway bay, 
105 miles West of Galway. Latitude, 53^ 15' North. Longitude, 
9» 3' West. Area of borough, 628 acres. Population, 24,697. 
It is very poorly built and the streets are narrow and dirty. It 
has two bridges, some remains of ancient fortresses. Church, 
Koman Catholic Cathedral, Grammar School, Court House, County 
Jail, etc. The harbor has a Light-house and good docks, capable 
of admitting vessels of 500 tons burthen. Markets, Wednesday 
and Saturday. The borough sends two members to the House of 
Commons. It gives title of Viscount to a branch of the Arundel 
family. 

GALWAY BAY. — Is a large inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, between 
Counties, Galway and Clare, Connaught and Munster. Length, 30 
miles. Breadth about 10 miles. Galway is the only town of im- 
portance on its shores. 

GARTAN. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 7 miles 
North Northwest of Letter-Kenny. Area, 44,124 acres. Pop- 
ulation, 2,082. 

GARTAN. — (Lough) Is about 2 miles in length. 

GARVAGH. — Is a small market town of County Londonderry, 
Ulster, 9 miles South of Coleraine. Population, 851. It gives the 
title of baron to the Cannuig family, who own the town and whose 
seat is adjacent. 

GAROAGHY. — ^Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. 4 miles 
South Southeast of Dromore. Area, 10.000 acres. Population, 
5,063. 

GIANTS CAUSEWAY.— Is the celebrated basattic formation 



74 



on the North coast of County Antrim, Ulster, 2 miles North North- 
east of Bushmills, to the West of Bengore Head. It is a platform 
projecting into the sea, from the base of a stratified cliff, about 
400 feet in height. It is separated into 3 parts comprising to- 
gether about 40,000 perfectly formed, closely united and very dark 
colored polygonal columns, each consisting of sevf ral pieces, the 
joints of which are articulated with the greatest nicety. Popular 
legend ascribe this formation to the labor of Giants, seeking to 
construct a road across the sea to Scotland. 

GLANMIEE.— Is a village of County Cork, Munster, 5 miles 
East Northeast of Cork. Population, 453. 

GLANWORTH.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5h miles 
South Southwest of Mitchelstown. Area, 9,700 acres. Population, 
4,832 ; of village, 1,012. 

GLASNEVEN. — Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 3^ 
miles North Northwest of Dublin. It was until recently a favorite 
place of residence, and it has a Botanic Garden belonging to the 
Dublin Royal Society. 

GLASSLOUGH. — Is a small market town of Count}' Monaghan, 
Ulster, 6 miles East Northeast of Monaghan Population, 562. 
Adjoining it is LesHe Castle. 

GLASSTOOLE.— Is a village of County Dublin, Leinster, 5 
miles Southeast of Dublin, on Dubhn bay. Population, 849. 

GLENA. — Is a beautiful vale and bay of County Kerry, Mun- 
ster, near Killarney. Lord Kenmore has a cottage here. 

GLENAOY. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, near Lough 
Neagh, 9 miles Northwest of Lisbum. Population, 3,773. 

GLEN ARM. — Is a market town of County Antrim, Ulster, on 
an inlet of the Irish sea, 25i miles North of Belfast. Population, 
881. 

GLENBEGH. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, on Dingle 
ba}^, 1 3 miles Northeast of Cahirciveen. Area, 30,808 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,011. 

GLENCOLUMBKILL.— Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 
12 miles "West Northwest of Killybegs. Area, 32,243 acres. 
Population, 4,356. 

GLENDERMOT.— (or Clondekmot.) Is a parish of County 
Londonderry, Ulster. Area, 21,508 acres. Population, 10,295. 



o 

o 

CO 

en 




GLENDALOUGH.— Is a lough and vaUey of County Wicklow, 
Leinster, 24 ^iles South of Dubhn. Famous for its wild grandeur 
and picturesque ruins. 

GLENGAD. — Is a headland of County Donegal, Ulster, 82- miles 
East Southeast of Marhn Head. It forms the West point of Cul- 
daff bay. 

GLENGAKIFE HARBOE.— Is a branch of Bantry bay, County 
Cork, Munster, 5 miles Northwest of Bantry, on the North side of 
the bay. 

GLENMALUEE. — Is a wild mountain vale of County Wicklow, 
Leinster, on the Avonbeg river. It was the scene of outrages 
during the rebelHon of 1798. 

GLENTIES.— Is a village of County Donegal, Ulster, 6 miles 
East Northeast of Adara. Population, 317. It has an Inn for 
tourists. 

GLIN. — Is a market town and seaport of County Limerick, 
Munster, on the Shannon river, 18 miles Northeast of Tralee. 
Population, 1,208. Here is the Castle of the Knights of Glinn, 
descendants of the Desmond family. 

GOLDEN BRIDGE.— Is a village of County Dublin, Leinster, 
If miles West Southwest of Dublin. Population, 1,090. 

GOLDEN. — Is a small market town of County Tipperary, Mun- 
ster. In " the Golden Vale," a rich valley of the Suir river, 3^ 
miles West of Cashel, Population, 602. 

GORESBRIDGE.— Is a viUage of County Kilkenny, Lemster, 
2| miles East of Gowran. Population, 921. 

GOREY. — Is a municipal borough and market town of County 
Wexford, Leinster, 24 miles Norih Northeast of Wexford. Popu- 
lation, 3,365. It is neatly built and has a handsome Church, Bar- 
racks and Market-House. 

GOEMANSTOWN.— Is a village of County Meath, Leinster, 
If miles Northwest of Balbriggan. Population, 160. It gives the 
title of Viscount to the Preston family. 

GOET. — Is a market town of Count^^ Galway, Connaught, 16 
miles North Northeast of Ennis. Population, 3,056. It is very 
neatly built and completely hidden amongst trees. It gives the 
title of Viscount to the Vereker family, whose mansion, Lough- 
cooter, is two miles from the town. 



76 



GKACEHILL. — (or Ballykennedy.) Is a Moravian settlement 
of County Antrim, Ulster, 2 miles West Southwest of Ballymena 
Population, 297. 

GKAIGUE. — Is a town of County Queens, Leinster, a suburb 
of Carlow. Population, 1,G75. Is also the name of a town of 
County Kilkenny, Leinster, on the Barrow river, 5 miles West of 
Goresbridge. Population, 2,448. It has the ruins of a Castle and 
Abbey. 

GRANARD. — Is a market town and parish of County Longford, 
Leinster, 59 miles AVest Northwest of Dublin. Area of parish, 
18,000 acres. Population, 10,193 ; of town, 2,408. It is neatly 
built with usual public buildings and has some manufactories. It 
gives the title of Earl to the Forbes family. 

GRAND CANAL.— Is in Counties, Dubhn, Kildare and Kings, 
proceeds from Dublin Westward and joms the Shannon near Ban- 
agher. Length, 85 miles. Breadth at surface, 40 feet. Depth, 6 
feet. It has a branch 27 miles to Athy where it joins the Barrow 
river, also branches in Ballinasloe, Portarlington, Mountmellick, etc. 
It was begun in 1765 and cost to complete £2,000,000. Annual 
amount of toUs £40,000. 

GRANGE. — Is a parish of County Armagh. Ulster, 2^ miles 
North of Armagh. Area. 6,800 acres. Population, 3,823. Tiiere 
are several smaller parishes with the same name. 

GREEN CASTLE.— Is a fort, harbor, coast-guard, pilot and 
fishing station of County Donegal, Ulster, at the West entrance to 
Lough Foyle, 4 miles Northeast of Moville. Is also the name of 
a village of County Down, Ulster, on the North side of Carling- 
ford, bay, If miles West Northwest of Cranfield point. 

GRENAUGH. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 4^ miles 
North of Blarney. Area, 13,558 acres. Population, 5,351. 

GREY ABBEY. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, on Lake 
Strangford, 7 miles South Soutiiwest of Donaghadee. Area, 7,689 
acres. Population, 745. Mount Stewart, seat of the Marquis of 
Londonderry, is here. 

GREYSTONES. — Is a headland, fishing village and coast-guard 
station of County Wicklow, Leinster, 3 miles Southeast of Bray. 

GUIBARRxV. — Is a small river of County Donegal, Ulster, flow- 
ing into an inlet by the same name, between the bays of Rosmore 
and Trawenagh, after a Southwest course of 13 miles. 

GUIBARRA BAY.— Is 5 mHes South of Dunsloe. 



77 



HACKETSTOWN.— Is a parish and town of Counties, Carlow 
and Wicklow, Leinster, 8 miles Southeast of Baltingiass. Area, 
11,616 acres. Population, 4,223 ; of town 1,021. 

HARKISTOWN.— Is a viUage of County Kildare, Leinster, 2h 
miles Northeast of Kilcullen Bridge. Is also the name of a parish 
of County Kildare, Leinster, on the river Barrow, 4 miles South 
Southwest of Kildare. Area, 4,680 acres. Population, 920. 

HARROLD'S-CROSS.— Is a village of County Dubhn, Leinster, 
1 mile South of Duohn Castle. Population, 2,789. 

HAWLBOWLINE.— Is an island in Cork harbor, County Cork, 
Munster, f miles South of the Cove. Is also the name of a rock 
of County Down, Ulster, off the entrance to Carlingford harbor. 

HEADFOBD. — Is a market town of County Gralway, Con- 
naught, 9 miles Southwest of Tuam. Population, 1,647. It is 
neatly built and adjoining is the mansion of the St. George family. 

HILLSBOROUGH. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Down, Ulster, 3 miles South Southwest of Lisburn. Population 
of parish, 6,524 ; of town, 1,338. Market, Thursday. The seat 
of the Marquis of Downshire is adjacent. 

HOLLYMOUNT.— Is a town of County Mayo, Connaught, on 
the Robe river, 4^ miles East Northeast of Ballinrobe. Population, 
454. 

HOLLYWOOD. — Is a viUage and parish of County Down, 
Ulster, on Belfast Lough, 41- miles Northeast of Belfast. Popu- 
lation of village, 1,532. It is remarkably weU built, and in its 
vicinity are many handsome mansions and villas occupied by mer- 
chants from Belfast, whose families resort here for sea-bathing. 
Is also the name of a parish of County Dubhn, Leinster, 2i miles 
East Southeast of Naul. Area, 3,992 acres. Population 1,022. 
Is also the name of a parish of County Wicklow, Leinster, 2^ miles 
Southeast of Ballymore-Eustace. Area of parish, 18,383 acres. 
Population, 2,770. Its village is miserable. 

HORE-ABBEY.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster. 
Population, 536. 

HORSE-ISLAND. — Is an island at the West side of the entrance 
of Castle-Townsend haven, County Cork, Munster. It has a land- 
mark Tower. 

HOSPITAL. — Is a viUage and parish of County Limerick, Mun- 
ster, 11 miles West of Tipperary. Population of parish, 2,538. 



HOWTH. — (The Hill of) Is a poninsular and parish of County 
Dublin, Lcinster. Area of i^arisb, 2,7G0 acres. Population, 1,538 ; 
mostly cn.2:aged in fisheries, and of the village, (8 miles by Kailroad 
East Northeast of Dublin,) 092. It has a large Harbor of refuge, 
extensive Docks, Light-house, etc., constructed at a cost of 
£2,000,000, but from its position, the rocks which stiU obstruct it, 
and the accumulation of sand, is now almost useless ; at the 
extremity of the peninsular is a handsome Light-house with a 
fixed red hght. Howth gives the title of Earl to the St. Lawrence 
or Tristram family. 

HUXGOY HILL. — Is a mountain of County Cork, Munster, 
15 miles AYest Northwest of Bantry. It is 2,249 feet in height. 
From a lake on its summit descends a torrent in broken cascades, 
dne of which, 700 feet in height, is said to be the finest in the 
Kingdom. 

IGHTERMUEROCH.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 
2^ miles East Southeast of Castle-Martyr. Area, 5,556 acres. 
Popidation, 3,092. 

I^IOGEELY. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
6,430 acres. Population, 3,121. 

INCH. — There are several parishes by this name, as follows, viz : 
County Down, Ulster, 2^- miles North of Downpatrick. Area, 
6,494 acres. Population, 2,489 ; Counties, Wicklow and Wexford, 
Leinster, 2? miles SouthAvest of Arklow. Area, 5,943 acres. 
Population, 2,006 ; County Cork, Munster, 5h miles Southwest of 
Cloyne. Area, 3,823 acres. Population, 1,617 ; County Donegal, 
Ulster, 1 mile West of Churchtown. Area, 3,100 acres. Popula- 
tion, 978. It comprises the island of Inch in Lough SwiUy; 
County Wexford, Leinster, 6^ miles West Southwest of Taghmon. 
Area, 1,389 acres. Population, 526. 

INCHICPONANE.— (or Inniscronane.) Is a parish of County 
Clare, Munster, 5i miles North Northeast of Ennis. Area, 17,438 
acres. Population, 5,118. 

INCHEGEELAGH.— (or Eveleary.) Is a parish of County 
Cork, Munster, 9 miles West Southwest of Macroone. Area, 45,415 
acres. Population, 6,357 ; of village, 233. 

INCHIQUIN. — Is a barony and island of County Clare, Munster. 
The island is situated in Lough Corrib ; the barony has an area of 
88,387 acrt s. Population, 21,231. It contains the ruins of Inchi- 
quin Castle, also Lough Inchiquin. 



INNISBOFFIN.— (or Boffin) Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connauglit, 3 miles North Nortliwest of Claggan Point. It com- 
prises an island of the same name. Area, 3,152 acres. Popula- 
tion, 1,612. It has a good harbor on its South coast. 

INNISBOFFIN. — Is the name of several islands in Counties, 
Donegal and Longford. 

INNISCALTHRA. — :1s a parish of Counties, Clare and Galway, 
Munster and Connaught, 3f miles East Northeast of Scariff. Area, 
11,284 acres. Population, 2,378. Holy Island is in this parish. 

INNISCABRA. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5i miles 
West Southwest of Cork. Area, 10,190 acres. Population, 4,407. 
There is also a small island of the same name in Count}^ Donegal, 
Ulster, li miles South of Arran. 

INNISCATTERY.— Is an island of County Clare, Munster, in 
an estuary of the river Shannon, 2 miles South Southwest of Kil- 
rush. Area, 100 acres. It was formerly a stronghold of the Danes 
and is in a great part covered with ruins. 

INNISHANNON. — Is a decayed inland town and parish of 
County Cork, Munster, 12 miles South Southwest of Cork, on the 
river Bandon. Area, 7,153 acres. Population, 3,615 ; of town 
625. 

INNISHAEGIF.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. Area, 
5,516 acres. Population, 3,014. It comprises the town of Kirk- 
cub bin. 

INNISSHARK.— Is an island of County Mayo, Connaught, 
Southwest of Innisboffin. P6pulation, 200. 

INNISHERE. — Is an island and parish of County Galway, 
Connaught. Area, 1,400 acres. Population, 406. 

INNISHEBKIN. — (or Sherkin) Is an island at the entrance 
to Baltimore Bay, County Cork, Munster. Population, 1,026. 

INNISKEA. — There are two islands by this name off the West 
coast of County Mayo, Connaught, 10 miles North Northeast of 
Achil-Head. 

INNISKEEL. — (or Inishkeel.) Is a maritime parish of County 
Donegal, Ulster, 11 miles North of KiUybegs. Area, 102,082 acres. 
Population, 12,606. There is also a smaU island by the same name 
in Guibarry Bay, County Donegal, Ulster. 

INNISMACSAINT.— (or Ennismacsaint.) Is a parish of Coun- 
ties, Fermanagh and Donegal, Ulster. Area, 52,994 acres. Popu- 
lation, 14,693. It comprises a part of the town of BaUyshannon. 

80 



INNISMAGRATH.— Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
5 miles Southeast of Dromahaire. Area, 27,439 acres, including 
part of Lough Allen. Population, 9,G03. 

INNISTIOGUE. — Is a disfranchised parliamentary borough, 
market town and parish of County Killvcnny, Leinster, on the Nore 
river, here crossed by a handsome bridge of 10 arches, 8 miles 
West Northwest of New Ross. Area of parish, 9,741 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,501 ; of town, 95G. 

INNISTURK ISLAND.— Is an island of the West coast of 
County Mayo, Connaught, 4^ miles North Northeast of Innisboffin, 
Population, 500. 

INNY. — Is a river rising in Lough Sheeland and flowing South- 
west through Counties, Westmeath and Longford, Leinster, faUs 
into Lough Ree. 

IRVINESTOWN. — (or Lowtherstown.) Is a town of County 
Fermanagh, Ulster, 9 miles North of Enniskillen. Population, 
1,388. There are twelve Fairs held here Annually. 

ISLANDBRIDGE.— Is a viUage of County Dublin, Leinster, on 
the Liffey river. If miles West of Dublin Castle. Population, 
767. 

ISLANDEADY. — (or Islandine.) Is a parisli of County Mayo, 
Connaught, 3i miles AVest Northwest of Castlebar. Area, 24,940 
acres, including Loughs. Population, 8,463. 

ISLAND MAGEE.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 7 
miles North Northeast of Carrickfergus. Area, 7,037 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,782. 

JAMES. — (St.) Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster, on 
Waterford harbor, 5i miles North Northwest of Fethard. Area, 
8,489 acres ; including Dunbrod and Rathroe. Population, 3,693. 
There is another parish by this name in County Dublin, Leinster. 
Area, 1,974 acres. Population, 12,466. It comprises a part of the 
city of Dubhn. 

JAMESTOWN.— Is a village of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
on the Shannon river, 2^- miles Southeast of Carrick. It was 
formerly a walled town. Population, 315. 

JOHN. — (St.) There are numerous parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Sligo, Connaught. Area, 7,256 acres. Popu- 
lation, 13,299. It comprises part of the town of Sligo ; County 
Limerick, Munster. Area, 134 acres. Population, 12,775. It 
comprises part of the city of Limerick ; County Kilkenny, Leinster, 

81 



Area, 5,532 acres. Population, 5,448. It comprises part of the 
city of Kilkenny ; County Dublin, Leinster. Area, 14 acres. 
Population, 3,931. It is wholly comprised in the city of Dublin ; 
County Waterford, Munster. Area, 732 acres. Population, 3,313. 
It comprises part of the city of Waterford ; County Waterford, 
Munster. Area, 13 acres. Population, 3,166. It is wholly in- 
cluded in the city of Waterford ; County Wexford, Leinster. 
Area, 525 acres. Population, 2,954. It is comprised in the town 
of Wexford ; County Koscommon, Connaught, 9 miles North 
Northwest of Athlone. Area, 11,635 acres. Population, 2,806 ; 
County Kildare, Leinster. Area, 1,123 acres. Population, 1,781. 
It comprises part of the town of Athy ; County Wexford, Leinster. 
Area, 2,207 acres. Population, 675. Other parishes comprise 
portions of the towns of Sligo, Wexford, Kilkenny, Dubhn, 
Waterford and Limerick. 

KANTUEK. — Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, 11 
miles West Southwest of Buttevant. Population, 4,388. It con- 
tains some good public buildings, and gives the title of Viscount 
to Earl of Egmont, whose residence is in the village. 

KELLS. — Is a municipal boron gh, market town and parish of 
County Meath, Leinster, on the Blackwater river, 36 miles North- 
west of Dublin. Area of parish, 8,597 acres. Population, 7,648 ; 
of town, 4,205. It is pleasantly situated and has a handsome 
Church and other good buildings. Is also the name of a parish of 
County Kilkenny, Leinster, 8 miles South of Kilkenny. Population, 
1,831. It has the ruins of an Abbey of the twelfth Century. Is 
also the name of a coast-guard aild fishing station of County 
Kerry, Munster, on Dingle Bay. 

KENMAEE. — Is a market town and parish of County Kerry, 
Munster, 13 miles South Southwest of Killarney. Area of parish, 
22,490 acres. Population, 5,839 ; of town, 1,339. It is isolated 
and surrounded by picturesque scenery. It has an elegant sus- 
pension across the estuary of the Roughty and a convenient har- 
bor and pier approached by vessels of large burthen. It gives the 
title of Earl to the Brown family. 

KERRY. — Is a maritime County of Munster. On the North 
is the estuary of the Shannon river, on the East and South are 
Counties, Limerick and Cork, and on the West the Atlantic Ocean. 
Area, 1,186,126 acres ; of which 400,000 acres are waste. Popu- 
lation, 238,239. The surface is wild, rugged and mountainous, the 

82 



Macgillicuddy Reeks, the loftiest mountains in Ireland, being in 
this County. The coast is deeply indented with bays, of which 
Tralee, Dingle and Kenmare are the principal ones. Dunmore 
Head, between Tralee and Dingle bays, is the most Westerly land 
in Ireland. The Feale, Maine, Laune or Lane, and Roughty arc 
the chief rivers. Chief Loughs: Killarney, Carra and Currane. 
The soil is very poor, and the climate, except on the seaboard, is 
usually mild. Agriculture is very backward, Potatoes, Wheat and 
Barley being the i^rincipal productions. The fisheries in 1836 
employed G,311 men. Coal, Iron, Copper, Lead and Slate are also 
found. The manufactures are unimportant. In 1834 there were 
about 20,000 scholars attending school in this County, of whom 
19,000 were Roman Cathohcs. Kerry is divided into 8 baronies 
and 83 parishes in the diocese of Ardfert. The County sends two 
members to the House of Commons and the borough of Tralee 
one member. It was made a Shire in 1210 by King John, and 
gives the title of Earl to the Marquis of Lansdowne. 

KERRY HEAD. — Is a promontory of County Kerry, Munster, 
South of the entrance to Shannnon. 

KILBALLYHONE.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 
13 miles West Southwest of Kilrush. Area, 10,835 acres Popu- 
lation, 4,346. 

KILBARRON. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster. Area, 
23,932. Population, 10,027. It includes part of the town of 
Bally shannon. 

KILBEAGH. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 8 miles 
West Northwest of Ballaghadireen. Area, 33,824 acres. Popu- 
lation, 9,963. 

KILBEGGAN. — Is a parish and market town of County West- 
meath, Leinster, on the upper Brosna river and a branch of the 
Grand Canal, 6^ miles North of TuUamore. Population, 1,910. 

KILBEGNOT.— Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 6i 
miles North of Ballinamore. Area, 10,867 acres. Population, 
5,036. 

KILBEHENNY.— Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
4 miles East Northeast of Mitchelstown. Area, 15,376 acres. 
Population, 4,291. 

KILBOLANE. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 9 miles 
West Southwest of CharleviUe. Area, 10,015 acres. Population, 
4,155. 

83 



KILBRIDE. — There are several parishes by this name, as follows, 
viz : Counties Cavan and Meath, Ulster and Leinster, f miles West 
Northwest of Oldcastle. Area, 9,341 acres. Population, 5,041 ; 
County Roscommon, Connaught, 5 miles "West of Roscommon. 
Area, 19,287 acres. Population, 8,578 ; County Kings, Leinster. 
Area, 10,152 acres. Population, 9,608. It comprises the town 
of TuUamore, and has the ruins of six Castles. 

KILBRIN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 9^ miles 
Northwest of Mallow. Area, 12,631 acres. Population, 4,855. 

KILBROGAN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
7,578 acres. Population, 5,404. It comprises a part of the town 
of Bandon. 

KILCAR. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, on Donegal 
bay, 5 miles "West of Killybegs. Area, 18,883 acres. Population, 
4,969. 

KILCASKIN. — Is a parish of Counties, Cork and Kerry, Mun- 
ster, 8^ miles East Northeast of Castletown-Berehaven. Area, 
51,491 acres. Population, 6,780. 

KILCATERN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 7^ mHes 
North Northwest of Castletown-Berehaven. Area, 21,778' acres. 
PopuJation, 6,940. 

KILCLOONEY. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster. Area, 
12,833 acres. Population, 8,079. It comprises part of the town 
of MarkethiU. 

KILCOCK. — Is a market town of County Kiklare, Leinster, on 
the Grand Canal, 3 miles West Northwest of Maymooth. Popu- 
lation, 1,537. 

KILCOLEMAN. — There are several parishes with this name, 
as foUows, viz : County Kerry, Munster. Area, 7,758 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,745. It comprises the town of Milltown ; County Mayo, 
Connaught. Area, 23,739 acres. Population, 9,451. It comprises 
the town of Clare-Morris. 

KILCOLEIMAN.— Is a ruined Castle of County Cork, Munster, 
2 miles North of Doneraile. It was the domain of the poet Spen- 
cer, and the place where he composed the greater part of his 
"Fairy Queen." 

KILCOMMON.— Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught. 
Area, 203,396 acres. Population, 17,000. It comprises the village 
of Belmullet and forms the principal part of the wild mountain 
land of Eoris. Is also the name of a parish of County Mayo, 



84 



Connauo-ht, 4^ miles East Northeast of Ballinrobe. Area, 17,395 
acres. Poijulation, 7,456. 

KILCONDUFF.— Is a parish in County Mayo, Connaught. 
Area, 1G,522 acres. Population, 7,072. It comprises the town 
of Swineford. 

KILCONNEL.— Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
71 miles AVest Northwest of Ballmasloe. Area, 6,082 acres. 
Population, 1,880. 

KILCOO.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. Area. 18,205 
acres. Population, 6,583. It includes the town of Newcastle. 

KILCOOLEY.— Is a parish of Counties, Tipperary and Kilkenny, 
Munster and Leinster. Area, 11,500 acres. Population, 4,006. 
It comprises the town of New Birmingham. There are others of 
same name in Counties, Meath, Eoscommon and Galway. 

KILCOOHANE.— There are two parishes by this name in Mun- 
ster. One is in County Kerry, 17 miles West Southwest of Ken- 
mare. Area, 63,702 acres. Population, 10,776 ; another is in 
County Cork, 13 miles West Southwest of Bantry. Area, 14,588 
acres. Population, 4,856. 

KILOKONAGHAN.— Is a parish of County Londonderiy, 
Ulster. Area, 7,792 acreb. Population, 4,845. It comprises the 
town of Tubbermore. 

KILCULLEN-BRIDGE.— Is a small town of County Kildare, 
Leinster, on the river Liffey, 5 miles South Southwest of Naas. 
Population, 2,442. 

KILCUMMIN.— There are two parishes by this name. One is 
in County Galway, Connaught. Area, 108,791 acres. Population, 
10,824. It comprises the town of Cughterard ; another is in 
County Kerry, Munster, 4 miles West Northwest of Killarney. 
Area, 38,953 acres. Population, 7,360. 

KILDALLON.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 3^ miles 
North Northwest of KiUeshandra. Area, 11,986 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,480. 

KILDRESS.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 3i miles 
North Northwest of Cookstown. Area, 26,251 acres. Population, 

8,192. 

KILDRUMFERTON.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 6 
miles West Southwest of Ballinanagh. Area, 16,400 acres. Popu- 
lation, 10,446. 

KILDYSERT.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 12 miles 

85 



South Southwest of Ennis. Area, 12,859 acres. Population, 5,180. 
It consists partly of islands in the estuary of the Fergus and 
Shannon rivers. 

KILFAEBOY.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster. Area, 
13,981 acres. Population, 7,498. It comprises the town of Mil- 
town-Malbay. 

KILFEDANE. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 4^ miles 
West Southwest of Kildysert. Area, 13,733 acres. Population, 
4661. 

KILFENNORA. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 5 miles 
Northeast of Ennistj^mon. Area of parish, 10,777 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,206. 

KILFERGUS. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster. 
Area, 14,207 acres. Population, 5,052. It comprises the town of 
Glin. 

KILFIERAGH. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, on the 
Atlantic, 7i miles West Northwest of Kibush. Area, 9,870 acres. 
Population, 7,137. 

KILFINANE. — Is a parish and village of County Limerick, 
Munster, 5 miles Southeast of Kilmallock. Area, 6,487 acres. 
Population, 4,356 ; of village, 1,782. Near it are the ruins of 
Castle Oliver. 

KILFKEE. — Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 10 miles 
West Southwest of BaUinafad. Area, 14,313 acres. Population, 
6,048. 

KILFYAN. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 6i miles 
West of Killalla. Area, 28,735 acres. Population, 6,040. 

KILGARRIFFE. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
4,328 acres. Population, 6,432. It comprises the town of Clona- 

knty. 

KILGAROEN. — Is parish of County Kerry, Munster, 7 miles 
East Northeast of Kenmare. Area, 43,631 acres, mostly 
mountainous. Population, 3,988. 

KILGARVEY. — Is a jjarish of County Mayo, Connaught, 5 miles 
East Southeast of Ballina. Area, 19,879 acres. Population, 4,158. 

KILGEEVER. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 11 miles 
West Southwest of Westport. Area, 58,089 acres. Population, 
12,583. 

KILGLASS. — There are several parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Roscommon, •Connaught, 5 miles Northeast 

86 



of Strokestown. Area, 15,970 acres. Population, 10,053 ; County 
Sligo, Connauglit, 4|- miles Southwest ot Easkey. Area, 12,884 
acres. Population, 4,941 ; County Longford, Leinster, 3i miles 
Soutliwest of Edgeworthstown. Population, 2,977 ; including 
Aliara. 

KILKEE. — Is a small town of County Clare, Munster, on a 
bay of tlic same name, 8 miles West Northwest of Kilrush. Popu- 
lation, 1,481. 

KILKEEDY. — There are two parishes by this name. One is in 
County Clare, Munster, 5 miles North Northeast of Corrofin. 
Area, 18,629 acres. Population, 4,192; another is in County 
Limerick, Munster, 4^ miles Southwest of Limerick. Area, 8,881 
acres. Population, 4,109. 

KILKEEL. — Is a town and parish of County Down, Ulster, on 
the Kilkeel river, 1 mile above its mouth, and 7i miles East South- 
east of Rostrevor. Area of j)arish, 47,882 acres. Population, 
1G,2G9 ; of town, 1,146. 

KILKEEVEN. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Connaught. 
Area, 27,007 acres. Population, 10,922. It comprises the town of 
Castlereagh. 

KILKERRAN BAY.— Is a bay on the West coast of County 
Galway, Connaught, district of Connemara. There are numerous 
islands in this bay. 

KILLECONNEAGH.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. 
Area, 19,295 acres. Population, 7,085. It comprises the village 
of Castletown-Berehaven. 

KILLAGHTEE.— Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 3 mHes 
East Southeast of KiUybegs. Area, 13,368 acres. Population, 
5,803. 

KILLAGHY. — Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 2f miles 
East of Ballyboy. Area, 18,132 acres. Population, 4,421. 

KILLALLA. — Is a smajl seaport town and Bishop's See of 
County Mayo, Connaught, dn a large inlet of the Atlantic of the 
same name, 7i miles North Northwest of BaUina. Population, 
1,446. 

KILL ALOE. — Is a thriving market town and Episcopal See of 
County Clare, IMunster, on the Shannon river, here crossed by a 
bridge of 19 arches, 11 miles North Northeast of Limerick.^ 
Population, 2,773, including the suburb of BaUina. 

KILLANEY. — Is a small bsty and fishing village of County 



87 



Galway, Connaugiit, near the East end of the island of A.rranmore. 
Population of village, 604. It has a harbor and coast guard 
station. Is also the name of a parish in County Louth, Ulster, 4 
miles West of Louth. Population, 4,896. 

KILLANIN. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 81 
miles Northwest of Galway. Area, 71,463 acres. Population. 
11,278. 

KILLARD. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster 6^- miles 
Northeast of Kilkee. Area, 17,022 acres. Population, 6,941. 

KILLARE. — Is a parish of County Westmeath, Leinster. Area, 
11,281 acres. Population, 4,000. It comprises part of the town of 
Ballymore. 

KILLARGEY. — Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, Si- 
miles South Southwest of Manor-Hamilton. Area 14,893 acres. 
Population, 4,873. 

KILLARNEY. — Is a market town and parish of County Kerry, 
Munster, 44 miles West Northwest of Cork, and 16 miles North 
Northeast of Kenmare. Area of parish, which includes only a 
part of the famed lake scenery, 38,151 acres. Population, 10,476 ; 
of town, 7,127. It has two or three good streets and many 
miserable and filthy alleys. It contains a parish church, Roman 
Catholic Cathedral, etc. The town is mainly supported by tourists, 
and has several good hotels. Markets, Saturday. 

KILLARNEY. — (Lakes of) Are three connected lakes of 
Count}' Kerry, Munster. The most Southeim lake is 3i miles in 
length by 2 miles in breadth, and is divided from the middle lake 
by a projecting peninsula on which stand the picturesque remains 
of Muckrass Abbey. These lakes are famed for their picturesque 
beauty and have some handsome cascades and fine woods. They 
are fed by the Elesk river and many smaller mountain steams, and 
discharge their superfluous waters at the Northwest extremity of 
the lower lake by the Laune river. 

KILLASHEE. — Is a parish of County Longford, Leinster, con- 
taining the village, of Killashee and Cloondara the former on the 
Royal Canal 4^ miles South Southeast of Farmonbarry. Area, 
14,427 acres. Population, 4,491. 

KILLASNET. — Is a parish of County Leitrim Connaught Area, 
26,918. Population, 6,286. It- comprises part of the town of 
Manor-Hamilton. 

KILLASSER. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 6 miles 

88 



East Northeast of Foxford. Area, 19,677 acres. Population, 6,962. 

KILLEAD. — (or Killeagh.) Is a parish of County Antrim, 
Ulster, 5 miles South of Antrim. Area, 42,836 acres. Population, 
6,725. 

KILLEBAN. — Is a parish of County Queens, Leinster. Area, 
25,995 acres. Population, 12,939. It comprises the villages of 
Bally linon and Aries. 

KILLEDAN. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 6 miles 
West Southwest of Swineford. Area, 14,515 acres. Population, 
6,410. 

KILLEEDY. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 5^ 
miles South of Newcastle. Area, 25,456, acres. Population, 6,341. 

KILLEEVAN. — Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster. 
Area, 11,571, acres. Population, 8,417. It comprises the village 
of New-Bliss. 

KILLENAULE. — Is a small town of County Tipperary, Munster, 
12i miles South Southwest of UrUngford. Population, 1,786. It 
is very poorly built. 

KILLENCARE. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 4i miles 
"West Southwest of Bailieboro. Area, 15,911 acres. Population, 
8,126. 

KILLENUMERY.— Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
1^ miles South of Droumahaire. Area, 14,086 acres. Population, 
4,065. 

KILLERERAN.— Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 6i 
miles Southeast of Tuam. Area, 14.536, acres. Population. 4, 7 82. 

KILLERSHERDING.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 
21 miles Southwest of Cootehill. Area, 16,618 acres. Population, 
10,208. 

KILLESHANDpA. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Cavan, Ulster, 22 miles South Southeast of EnniskiUen. Area of 
parish, ^2.241 acres. Poi^ulation, 12,552 ; of town, 1,085. Mar- 
kets, weekly. 

KILLESHER. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster, 4 
miles North Northwest of SwanUba. Area, 24,936 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,225. 

KILLESHILL. — Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 4^ miles 
East Northeast of BaUygawley. Area, 9,839 acres. Population, 
4,985. 

KILLESHIN. — Is a village and parish of County Queens, 

89 



Leinster. Area, 10,905 acres. Population, 5,278 \ including the 
town of Graigue. 

KILLEVEY. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 3 miles 
West of Newry. Area, 28,174 acres. Population, 17.789. 

KILLAIN. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 31 miles 
Northeast of Mount Bellew. Area, 13,564 acres. Population, 
5,671. 

KILLIMOKE. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 6 
miles North Northwest of Portumna. Area, 9,220 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,140. ^ 

KILLINAGH. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 10 miles 
East Southeast of Manor-Hamilton. Area, 24,783 acres. Popu- 
lation, 6,512. 

KILLINANE. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 3i miles 
North Northeast of Cahirciveen. Area, 26,868 acres. Population, 
3,569. 

KILLINCHY. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 9 miles 
North of Downpatrick. Area, 13,865 acres. Population, 7,470. 

KILLINEY. — Is a maritime parish and village of County Dubhn, 
Leinster, on KiUiney bay, between Dalky and Bray Head, 21- miles 
South Southeast of Kingston. Area of parish, 1,334 acres. Popu- 
lation, 986. It comprises the village of Cabinteely. 

KILLOE. — Is a parish of County Longford, Leinster, 5i miles 
Northeast of Longford. Area, 41,513, acres. Population, 19,477. 

KILLORAN. — Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 6i- miles 
West Northwest of Bally mote. Area, 1,399 acres. Population, 
4,044. 

KILLORGLIN. — Is a village and parish of County Kerry, 
Munster, on the Laune river, 13 miles West Northwest of Killarney. 
Area of parish 30,000 acres. Population, 8,574 ; of village, 925. 

KILLOUGH. — Is a small seaport town of County Down, Ulster, 
on a bay of same name, Ih miles West Southwest of Ardglass. 
Population, 1,148. Fisheries are important. There are four 
Fairs held he^^e Annually. 

KILLUCAN. — Is a large parish of County Westmeath, Leinster, 
8i miles East of Mullingar. Population, 9,562. The village is 
neatly built. 

KILLURSA. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught. 
Area, 8,877 acres. Population, 4,995. It comprises the town of 
Headford. 



90 



KILLURY. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 4i miles 
North of Ardfert. Area, 11,090 acres. Population, 6,480. 

KILLYBEGS. — Is a small seaport town and parish of County 
Donegal, Ulster, on an inlet of the Atlantic, 14 miles AVest of 
Donegal. Population, 3,290 ; of town, 789. 

KILLYLEAGH. — Is a seaport town and parish of County 
Down, Ulster, on Lough Strangford, 16 miles South Southeast of 
Belfast. Population, 6,688 ; of town, 1,116. It is weU built and 
has some fine buildings and manufactories. 

KILLYMAN. — Is a parish of Counties, Tyrone and Armagh, 
Ulster, on the Blackwater river, 2i miles North of Moy. Area, 
10,559 acres. Population, 8,220. 

KILLYMARD. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, on the 
North side of Donegal bay. Area, 28,229 acres. Population, 
4,743. It comprises part of the town of Donegal. 

KILMACABEA. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, on 
Glandore harbor. Area, 13,757 acres. Population, 6,209, 

KILLMACALLANE.— Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 
4 miles South Southeast of Colooney. Area, 9,928 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,098. 

KILMACDUAGH. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
3 miles South Southwest of Gort. Area, 8,804 acres. Population, 
4,149. It has the ruins of a Cathedral, Abbej^ and a Round Tower, 
which leans even more than the tower of Pisa. 

KILMACDUANE.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 7 
miles North Northeast of Kilrush. Area, 16,701 acres. Population, 
6,762. 

KILMACOMOGUE.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. 
Area, 58,835 acres. Population, 16,188. It comprises the town 
of Bantry. 

KILMACREHY. — Is a maritime parish of County Clare, Mun- 
ster, on the Atlantic. Area, 7,403 acres. Population, 4,264. It 
comprises the village of Liscanor. 

KILMACRENAN.— Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 6 
miles North Northwest of Letterkenny. Area, 35,617 acres. 
Population, 9,343. 

KILMACTIGUE.— Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 8 
miles West Southwest of Tubber-curry. Area, 32,533 acres. 
Population, 9,097. 



91 



KILMACTHOMAS.— Is a town of County Waterford, Munster,. 
12 miles West Southwest of Waterford. Population, 1,197. 

KILMACTRANEY.— Is a parish of County Shgo, Connaught, 
6 miles North Northeast of Boyle. Area, 13,417 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,604. 

KILMAINMORE.— Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 
6 miles East Southeast of Ballinrobe. Area, 13,792 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,877. 

KILLMALLOCK. — Is a municipal borough and market town 
of County Limerick, Munster, 19 miles South of Limerick. Popu- 
lation, 1,408. It contains many ruins and a street consisting of 
antique stone houses, mostly of the date of James I. 

KILMALY. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 5 miles West 
Southwest of Ennis. Area, 23,936 acres. Population, 4,908. 

KILMANAHEEN. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster. Area, 
8,177 acres. Population, 6,436. It comprises the town of Ennis- 
tymon. 

KILMANMAN. — Is a parish of County Queens, Leinster. Area, 
16,848 acres. Population, 4,565. It comprises the village of 
Clonaslee. 

KILIVIEEDY. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 7 miles 
East Southeast of Newcastle. Area, 9,037 acres. Population, 
4,739. 

KILMEEN. — There are several parishes of this name, as 
follows, viz : County Cork, Munster, 3 miles West Southwest of 
Newmarket. Area, 36,710 acres. Population, 10,380 ; County 
Cork, Munster, 5 miles North Northwest of Clonakilty. Area, 
8,667 acres. Population, 3,736. The ruins of Ballyward Castle 
are here ; County Gralway, Connaught, 32- miles West Northwest of 
Loughrea. Area, 3,808 acres. Population, 980. 

KILMEG-AN. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. Area, 
13,970 acres. Population, 7,467. It comprises the town of Castle- 
weUan. 

KILMICHAEL. — There are two parishes by this name in Mun- 
ster. One is in County Clare, 8i miles West Northwest of Kildy- 
sert. Area, 18,772 acres. Population, 5,080 ; another is in County 
Cork, 5i miles South Southwest of Macroom. Area, 20,869 acres. 
Population, 6,250. 

KILjMINA. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 2^ miles 
North of Westport. Area, 10,762 acres. Population, 7,876. 

92 



KIL]\IOE.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, on the coast. 
Aroa, 13,l)7-i acres. Population, 7,234. 

KILMOILY. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 3 miles 
West Northwest of Ardfert. Area, 7,750 acres. Population, 4,459. 
KILMORE. — There are several parishes of this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : County Cavan, Ulster, 2^ miles West Southwest of 
Cp-van. Area, 10,885 acres. Population, 7,250. It is an Episcopal 
See, and has an ancient Cathedral, Church and modern Episcopal 
Mansion. The diocese comprises 39 parishes, chiefly in Ulster ; 
County Armagh, Ulster. Area, 17,273 acres. Population, 14,256. 
It comprises the town of RichhiU. A desperate affray which took 
place here between the Roman Cathohcs and Protestants in 1795, 
is said to have given rise to the Orange institutions ; County Down, 
Ulster, li miles East Southeast of Balhnahinch. Area, 12,854 
acres. Population, 0,277 ; (bounty Monaghan, Ulster, 2i miles 
West Northwest of Monaghan. Area, with lakes, 8,089 acres. 
Population, 5,121 ; County Roscommon, Connaught, on the Shannon 
river, opposite Jamestown. Area, 9,316 acres. Population, 5,164 ; 
County Tipperary, Munster, 4 miles South of Nenagh. Area, 
13,535 acres. Population, 5,138. It has several ruined Churches 
and Castles ; (or Erris,) is in County Mayo, Connaught, on the 
Atlantic. Area, 29,492 acres. Population, 9,428. Several other 
smaller parishes have this name. 

KILMOREMOY. — Is a parish of County Sligo, Connaught. 
Area, 12,331 acres. Population, 13,129. It comprises the town of 
BaUina. 

KILMOVEE. — Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 4 miles 
West Southwest of Ballaghadireen. Area, 20,756 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,844. 

KILMURRY. — There are several parishes by this name in Mun- 
ster. One is in County Clare, on Clonderalaw bay. Area, 10,457 
acres. Population, 4,332 ; another, (Ibrickane,) is in County 
Clare, 5 miles South Southwest of Miltown-Malbay. Area, 25,857 
acres. Papulation, 10,747. There are two Fairs held here 
Annually. 

KILNAMANAGH.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 9 
miles Southwest of Castletown-Berehaven. Area, 13,810 acres. 
Population, 5,861. 

KILNAUGHTEN.— Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster. 



93 



Area, 9,164 acres. Population, 5,102. It comprises . the town of 
Tarbert. 

KILNEBOY. — (or Killinaboy.) Is a parish of County C-lare, 
Munster. Area, 17,967 acres. Population, 4,102. It comprises the 
town of Conofin and has many ruins. 

KILREA. — Is a parish and market town of County Londonderry, 
Ulster, on the Bann river, 13 miles West Northwest of Ballymena. 
Area of parish, 6,313 acres. Population, 4,277 ; of town, 1,191, 
partly engaged in Linen weaving. It has a Market House and 
Public School built by the Mercers Company of London, to whom 
the town belongs. Is also the name of a parish of County Kilkenny, 
Leinster, 3 miles Northwest of Knocktopher. Population, 720. 
One of the finest round Towers in Ireland and a ruined Abbey 
founded in 1176, are here. 

KILRONAN. — There are several parishes by this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : County Roscommon, Connaught, 9i miles North North- 
west of Carrick-on-Shannon. Area, 16,356 acres. Population, 
7,085 ; County Waterford, Munster, 3i miles South Southwest of 
Clonmel. Area, 16,701 acres. Population, 4,772 ; County Water- 
ford, Munster, 3i miles Southwest of Waterford. Population, 126. 

KILRUSH. — Is a seaport, market town and parish of County 
Clare, Munster, on an inlet in the estuary of the river Shannon, 2 1 
miles Southwest of Ennis. Area of parish, 15,658 acres. Popu- 
lation, 11,385 ; of town, 5,071. It is finely built and has manu- 
factories for flannel, frieze, linen sheetings, etc. Market, Saturday. 

KILSEILY. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster. Area, 
11,102 acres. Population, 4,469. It comprises the town of 
Broadford. 

KILSHANIG. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 3 miles 
Southwest of Mallow. Area, 27,595 acres. Population, 9,348. 

KILSKEERY.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
20,438 acres. Population, 9,352. It comprises the town of Trillick. 

KILSKYRE. — Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster. Area, 
11,724 acres. Population, 5,014. It comprises the town of 
Crossakeel. 

KILTEEL. — Is a parish of County Kildare, Leinster, 53- miles 
East Northeast of Naas. Population, 797. 

KILTEEVOCK.— Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 5i 
miles West Northwest of Stranorlar. Area, 41,131 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,864. 

94 



KILTOGHART. — Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, 
Ij miles East Southeast of Leitrim. Area, 30,494 acres. Popu- 
lation, 17,581. It includes part of the town of Carrick-on-Shannon. 

KILTONANLEA. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 3i 
miles West Southwest of O'Brien's Bridge. Area, 7,627 acres. 
•Population, 4,0 IG. 

KILTOOjM. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Connaught, 
5i miles Northwest of Athlone. Area, 13,246 acres. Population, 
4,150. 

KILTUBRID. — Is a parish of County Leitrim, Connaught, 3 
miles East Southeast of Drumshambo. Area, 15,608 acres. Popu- 
lation, 7,220. 

KILTULLAGH. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Con- 
naught, 11 miles West Southwest of Castlerea. Area, 24,713 acres. 
Population, 7,664. 

KILVEMNON. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 8 
miles East Northeast of Fethard. Area, 10,551 acres. Population, 
4,983. 

KILVOLANE. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster. 
Area, 8,678 acres. Population, 4,254. It comprises the town of 
Newport-Tip. 

KIL WORTH. — Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, on 
the Puncheon river, 2? miles North Northeast of Fermoy. Popu- 
lation, 1,772. It has an ancient Church and Market House, and 
near it is Moore Park and ruins of Cloughleagh Castle. 

KILDARE, — Is an inland County of Leinster. Having County 
Meath on tlio North, Counties, Dublin and Wicklow on the East, 
County Carlow on the South, and Counties, Kings and Queens on 
the West. Area, 418,436 acres ; of which 50,000 are waste. Popu- 
lation in 1851, 96,627. The surface is flat, and the soil is a deep 
and fertile loam. The Boyne, Barrow and Liffey are the principal 
rivers. Climate moist, owing to the prevalence of bogs. The Cur- 
ragh of Kildare, a tract in the .centre of this County, is scarcely to 
be matched for its excellent turf and rich verdure. Wheat, Oats 
and Barley are the chief crops ; farms being generally larger than 
in other Counties. A large quantity of Peat is sent to Dublin 
from this County. The County contains 10 baronies and 113 
parishes in the dioceses of Kildare and Dublin. Ath}-, Kildare 
'>nd Naas are the principal towns. It sends 2 members to the 

95 



House of Commons, and has since 1316 given title to the Fitz- 
geralds, now Dukes of Leinster. 

KILDAEE. — Is a market town and Episcopal See and Parish of 
County Kildare, Leinster, on the Great S. and W. Kailroad, 30 miles 
West Southwest of Dubhn. Population of parish, 2,654; of 
town, 1,629. It stands on an elevated plain ^ mile from the 
Curragh of Kildare, It is poorly built and has scarcely any water. 
It has an ancient Cathedral with Burial Vault of the Fitzgeralds, 
a part of a Chapel reputed to date from the Fifth Centur}^, a Round 
Tower, 132 feet in height, the remains of an Abbey and Castle, and 
a County Infirm ery, Roman CathoHc Chapel, Nunnery, etc. The 
celebrated Curragh races take place here in April, June, September 
and October. The Bishopric is now united with that of Dublin, 
and comprises 81 parishes in Counties, Kings, Queen and Kildare. 
It is also the See of a Roman Catholic Bishop. 

KILKENNY. — Is an inland County of Leinster, having 
County Queens on the North, Counties, Carlow and Wexford on 
the East, and County Waterford on the South and Southwest, 
and County Tipperary on the West. Area, 508,811 acres, of which 
21,000 are waste. Population in 1851, 139,944, mostly all of whom 
are Romans Catholics. The surface is undulating, gradually 
sloping toward the South, with several hills which are upward of 
1,000 feet in height ; soil varies, but for the most part is light 
fertile loams. Climate is dryer and crops earher than the average 
of Irish Counties. Agriculture is improving, the principal crops 
being Corn ; but Dairy and Sheep farms are also numerous. Aver- 
age rent of land 17s. per acre, this being one of the highest rented 
Counties in Ireland. Manufactures are unimportant. Kilkenny 
is divided into 9 baronies, and 127 parishes in the diocese of Ossory, 
Leighlin and Cashel. It sends 3 members to the House of Com- 
mons and gives title of Earl to the Butler family. 

KILKENNY. — Is a city and municipal and parhamentary 
borough and capital of County Kilkenny, Leinster, and a County 
of itself on the Nore river, and on the Irish Southeastern Railroad, 
62 miles Southwest of Dublin. Area of city, 921 acres ; of County, 
17,012 acres. Population of city, 15,808 ; of borough in 1851, 
20,283. It is divided by the river into Irish and English towns, 
and is, with the exception of its suburb, well built of stone. The 
streets are paved with block marble. The chief buildings are the 
Cathedral of St. Canice or Kenny, and of the diocese of Ossory, 

96 



a cruciform structure of the Fourteenth Century. The Bishop's 
Palace, Chapter-House, Deanery, fine Eound Tower, and Churches 
of St. John and St. Mary, several Eoman Catholic Churches, one 
of which is the Cathedral of a Roman Catholic Bishop, ruins of a 
Franciscan Friary, County Court House, County and City Prisons 
and other public buildings. The Manufactories are much de- 
pressed, and the poorer classes are very wretched. Though the 
city is the residence of many of the provincial gentry, it has some 
Distilleries, Tanneries, etc. It sends one member to the House of 
Commons. 

KINGS. — Is a County of Leinster. Having County Westmeath 
on the North, County Kildare on the East, Counties, Queens and 
Tipperary on the South, and Counties, Tipperary, Galway and 
Roscommon on the West. Area, 493,985 acres ; of which 145,000 
acres are waste. Population in 1851, 112,875. Surface is flat, 
except in the South, the soil being of the average fertility, being 
watered by the Shannon, Brosna, Barrow and Boyne rivers. Graz- 
ing farms are often extensive, and estates generally large. Average 
rent of land from 12s. to 15s. per acre. Manufactures are of no 
importance. The County is divided into 11 baronies and 52 
parishes in 5 different dioceses. Birr and Tullamore are the chief 
towns. This County sends two members to the House of 
Commons. 

KINGSCOURT.— Is a market town of County Cavan, Ulster, 

6 miles Southwest of Carrickmacross. Population, 1,614. It has 
a neat Church and a large Roman C^atholic Chapel. In the vicinity 
is the fine demesne of Cabra Castle. 

KINGSTON. — (formerly Dunleart.) Is a seaport town and 
watering place of County Dublin, Leinster, on the bay of Dubhn, 

7 miles Southeast of Dublin. Population, 10,453. It is finely 
situated, and the only objects of interest are a short atmospheric 
railroad to Dalkey, said to be the first ever laid, an Obehsk 
commemorating the visit of George IV. in 1821, and a fine granite 
pier, finished at a cost of about £750,000, on which is a revolving 
light. Latitude, 53^ 18' North. Longitude, 6« 8' West. Is is a 
favorite resort of citizens from Dublin. 

KINNEGAD. — Is a market town and parish of County West- 
meath, Leinster, 12 miles East Southeast of MuUingar. Popu- 
lation of town, 715. 



97 



KINNEIGH.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
15,104 acres. Population, 5,530. It comprises the villages of 
Castletown and Inniskeen. 

KINNELTY. — Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 4 miles 
East Northeast of But. Area, 13,894 acres. Population, 2,562. 

KINSALE. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, and sea- 
port town of County Cork, Munster, 13 miles South Southwest 
of Cork, on the estuary of the Bandon river, called Kinsale harbor. 
Population, of borough 5,506; including the suburbs of Scilly. 
The city is built on acclivities and the streets are very steep and 
narrow. The chief buildings, are a Parish Church of the foui'teenth 
Century, large Koman Cathohc Chapel, Convent, Town-Hall, Union 
Work-House, etc. The fisheries which are valuable form the chief 
resource of the people. It sends one member to the House of Com- 
mons, and gives title of Premier Baron of Ireland to the De'Courcey 
family, decendants of the Dukes of Normandy, and whose repre- 
sentative has the singular privelege of wearing his hat in the Royal 
Presence. James II. landed here in 1689. The Old Head of 
Kinsale is a promontory projecting about 3 miles into the Atlantic, 
4^ miles South Southwest, the entrance to Kinsale harbor, and 8 
miles South of the town ; on it is a Lighthouse with a fixed light, 
Latitude, 51« 26' 45'' North. Longitude, 8^ 32' 16'' West, at an 
elevation of 241 feet. 

KINEABRA. — Is a small seaport town of County Galway, 
Connaught, 11 miles South Southeast of Galway. Population, 
959. 

KIPPURE. — Is a mountain in Counties, Dubhn and Wicklow, 
Leinster, 11 miles South Southwest of Dubhn. Elevation, 2,473 
feet. 

KIRKINRIOLA. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster. Area, 
6,390 acres. Population, 8,843. It comprises the town of 
Ballymena. 

KNOCKANE. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 6 miles 
West Northwest of Killarney. Area, 57,993 acres. Population, 
5,191. It is almost entirely mountainous. 

KNOCKANURE.— Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 4 
miles East Southeast of Listowel. Area, 5,950 acres. Population, 
1,358. 

KNOCKBREDA.— Is a parish af County Down, Ulster. Area, 



98 



8,197 acres. Population, 10,627. It comprises the town of 
Ballymacarrit. 

KNOCKBRIDE.— Is a parisli of County Cavan, Ulster, 4^ miles 
Northeast of BolUeboro'. Area, 18,693 acres. Population, 10,603. 

KNOCKGEALTON.— Is aparish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
4i miles South of Cashel. Area, 9,873 acres. Population, 3,296. 
It has a singular artificial Mound called the Moat. 

KNOCKLADE.— Is a mountain of County Antrim, Ulster, 2| 
miles .South of Bally castle. Height 1,695 feet. 

KNOCKMAHON.~Is a viUage of County Waterford, Munster, 
near the Atlantic, 1^ miles East Northeast of Bonmahon. Popu- 
lation, 255. It has Copper Mines which in 1840 employed over 
1,000 persons and yielded nearly 4,000 tons of Ore. 

KNOCKMELEDOWIS MOUNTAINS.— Is a range between 
Counties, Waterford and Tipperary, Munster, and extends East 
and West for about 18 miles,— their highest point, Knockmeledown, 
is 4i miles North Northwest of Lismore, and is 2,690 feet in height 

KNOCKTOPHER— Is a small market town of County E:il- 
kenny, Leinster, 2 miles East Northeast of Newmarket. Popu- 
lation, 467. 

LAGAN.— Is a river of Ulster ; it rises in the Slieve-Croob 
mountains, County Down, and flows Northeast for 35 miles and 
enters Belfast harbor. It has been made navigable beyond Lis- 
bui-n, and a canal connects it with Lough Neao-h. 

LAMB AY.— Is a small fishing island of County Dublin, Leinster 
in the Irish sea, 3 miles Southeast of Rush Point. Area, 596 acres. 
Populalion, 100. 

LANESBOROUGH.— Is a small market town of County Lono-- 
ford, Leinster, on the Shannon river. Population, 300. 

LARNE. — Is a market and seaport town of County Antrim. 
Ulster, on Lough Larne, I7i miles North Northeast of Belfast! 
Population, 3,345. It has large manufactories for Cotton, Sail 
Cloth and Rope, with Bleaching Grounds and Lime Works. 

LAVEY.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 5 mHes South- 
east of Cavan. Area, 10,678 acres. Population, 5,931. 

LA WRENCE.— (St.) Is aparish of County Limerick, Munster. 
Area, 280 acres. Population, 1,794. • It comprises part of the 
city of Limerick. 

LAYDE.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 36 miles North 
of Belfast. Area, 26,000 acres. Population, 4,208. 

99 




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LEA. — Is a parisli of County Queens, Leinster. Area, 18,488 
acres. Population, 7,787. It comprises part of the town of 
Portarlington. Lea Castle, built in 1260, is here. 

LECK. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, i miles East 
Southeast of Kilkenny. Area, 10,745 acres. Population, 3,422. 

LECKPATEICK.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 
13,451 acres. Population, 5,723. It comprises part of the town of 
Strabane. 

LEE. — Is a river of County Cork, Munster, rises in Lake 
Gougane-Barra, flows East and enters Cork harbor after a course 
of 35 miles. Also a smaU river of County Kerry, flowing into Tralee 
Bay. 

LEIGHLIN. — (Old.) Is a decayed village and Episcopal See 
of County Carlow, Leinster, 2i miles West of Leighlin Bridge. 
Population, 140. It has a venerable Cathedral built about 1185. 
The diocese, founded in 682, is now united to Ossor^^ 

LEIGHLIN BRIDGE.— Is a market town of County Carlow, 
Leinster, on the Barrow river, 7i miles Southwest of Carlow. 
Population, 1,748. 

LEINSTER. — Is a province of Ireland, consisting of Counties, 
Dublin, Kildare, Carlow, Kilkenny, King's and Queen's, Longford, 
Louth, Meath, Westmeath, Wicklow, and Wexford. Area, 4,876,211 
acres. Population, 1,973,731. ^ It gives the title of Duke to the 
Fitzgerald family, whose head is sole Duke and Premier Peer of 
Ireland. Mount Leinster is a mountain between Coanties, Carlow 
and Wexford, Leinster, 5^- miles Southwest of Newtownbarry. 
Elevation 2,610 feet. 

LEITRIM. — Is a maritime County of Conn aught. Having 
Donegal bay on the North, Counties, Fermanagh and Cavan on 
the East, County Longford on the South, and Counties, Roscom- 
mon and Sligo on the West. Area, 392,363 acres ; of w^hich 
250j000 acres are cultivated, 116,000 acres of mountain and bog 
land, and nearly 24,000 acres water. Population, 111,808. The 
surface is mostly wild and rugged, and the soil is poor except in 
the vaUeys, where it is often a deep fertile loam. It is watered by 
the Shannon, Bonnet and Blackwater rivers. Average rent of land, 
10s. 8d. per acre. Leitrim contains 5 baronies and 17 parishes, 
and sends two members to the House of Commons. It gives the 
title of Earl to the Clements family. Is also the name of a village 



100 



capital of Couuty Leitrim. Connaught, on the Shannon river, 3 
miles Nortlieast of Carrick. Population, 406. 

LEIXLIP. — Is a market town and parish of County Kildare, 
Leinster, at the confluence of the Liffey and Rye rivers, 10 miles 
West Northwest of Dublin. Population of parish, 2,033 ; of 
town, 1,080. 

LEMANAGHAN.— Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster, 3^ 
miles East Northeast of Ferbane. Area, 19,615 acres. Population, 
5,806. 

LETTEEKENNY.— Is a market town of County Donegal, 
Ulster, on the S willy river, 65 miles Northwest of Raphoe. Popu- 
lation, 2,161. It is poorly built and has a Church, Session House, 
etc. 

LIFFEY. — Is a river of Leinster, rises in the mountains of 
County Wicklow about 12 miles Southwest of Dubhn, and flows 
into Dublin bay after a course of 50 miles. 

LIFFORD. — Is a market town and capital of County Donegal, 
Ulster, on the Foyle river, 14 miles South Southwest of London- 
derry. The river is here crossed by a Bridge. Population, 752. 

LIMERICK. — Is an inland County of Munster ; having County 
Clare on the North, being separated from it by the Shannon river, 
C'Ounties, Tipperary and Cork on the East, and County Kerry on 
the West. Area, with city, 678,224 acres, of which 120,000 acres 
are waste. Population in 1851, -201.619. Surface is generally 
mountainous and the soil boggy, except in the center and North, 
where it is fertile, and the surface flat. It is weU watered by the 
Shannon, Mulkern, Maig and Deel rivers. Dairy and Stock farms 
are numerous and often large. Limerick is divided into 9 baronies 
and 125 parishes, and in Dioceses of Limerick, Emty, Killaloe and 
Cashel. It sends four members to the House of Commons. 

LIMERICK. — Is the principal city of West Ireland, and a par- 
liamentary and municipal borough and County of itself, and 
capital of County Limerick, Munster. It is situated on both sides 
of the Shannon river, and on an island in that river, 25 miles North 
Northwest of Tipperary, with which town it communicates by 
Railroad. Xre-A of borough, 70,000 acres. Population in 1851, 
55,268 ; of town, 53,274. It stands on a cultivated plain and is 
divided into — Englishtown, , an old and wretched portion on the 
island, Irishtown on the South, Newtown on the West and 
Thomond Gate on the North. Irishtown and Newtown are 



101 



handsome. The principal buildings are, the Chathedral, the Epis- 
copal Palace, Koman Catholic Cathedral, Schools, County and 
City Infirmary, Lunatic and Bhnd Asylums, Fever and otlier Hos- 
pitals ; County and City Court-Houses and Jails, Union Workhouse, 
etc., and numerous other handsome buildings, including an 
Exchange, Custom House, etc. The manufactures are very limited, 
those of Lace and Fish-Hooks being the principal ones. The Cor- 
poration consists of a Mayor, (who is Admiral of the Port) Aldermen 
and Councillors. The Bishopric comprises 88 parishes. The city 
sends 2 members to the House of Commons, and gives the title of 
Earl to the Pery family, whose mansion is in the city. 

LISBURN. — Is a parliamentary borough, town and parish of 
Counties, Down and Antrim, Ulster, on the Lagan river, 6^ miles 
South Southwest of Belfast. Population of parish, 15,015 ; of 
town, 6,090. It is one of the most beautifully situated and well 
built towns in Ireland, has a spacious Cathedral, Church, Court 
House, Fever Hospital, Union Work-House, Linen HaU, etc., with 
thriving Manufactories of Linen. Markets, Tuesday. The bor- 
ough sends one member to the House of Commons. 

LISCANOR. — Is a village of County Clare, Munster, 4^ miles 
West of Ennistymon. It is a coast-guard station. 

LISNADILL. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 2i miles 
Southeast of Armagh. Area, 1,855 acres. Population, 6,282. 

LISSAN. — Is a parish of Counties, Tyrone and Londonderry, 
Ulster, 2 miles Southwest of Moneymore. Area, 24,682 acres. 
Population, 6,282. 

LISSONUFFY. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Connaught, 
44 miles Southeast of Strokestown. Area, 11,665 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,832. . 

LISTOWEL. — Is a market town of County Kerry, Munster, on 
the Feale river, 16i miles North Northeast of Tralee. Population, 
2,598. It contains a Church, a Bridewell and ruins of a stately 
Castle, formerly belonging to the Earls of Desmond. It gives the 
title of Earl to the Hare family. 

LITTERMORE.— (or Lettermore.) Is an island off the West 
coast of County Galway, Connaught, on the South side of Kilkinan 
bay. It has a coast-guard station. 

LOGHAR. — Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, Si miles 
Northwest of KeUs. Area, 8,727 acres. Population, 4,495. 

LONDONDERRY.— (or Derry.) Is a maritime County of 

102 



Ulster ; having the Atlantic Ocean and Loch Foyle on the North, 
County Antrim on the East, County Tyrone on the South and 
County Donegal on the West. Area, 518,270 acres ; of which 
180,000 acres are waste. Population in 1851, 191,744. Surface in 
the South and centre mountainous, elsewhere lowland ; soil mostly 
fertile; chmate mild. Estates are mostly large and owned by the 
twelve London companies to which the County was granted by 
James I. The Linen manufacture is extensive. The County is 
divided into 6 baronies and 31 parishes. It sends four members 
to the House of Commons. 

LONDONDERRY. — Is a fortified city and parliamentary and 
municipal borough and capital of County Londonderry, Ulster, 
on the Foyle river ; here crossed by a Metal Bridge 1,100 feet in 
length, 120 miles North Northwest of Dublin. Population in 1851,* 
11),G04. It stands on a ridge projecting into the river and is 
inclosed by walls and Bastions built in 1609. It has four main 
streets, which are broad, clean, well paved and lighted. The 
principal buildings are the Cathedral, Bishop's Palace, a Public and 
Diocesain Library, a Town Hall, a large Court House, County Jail, 
Infirmary, Custom House, etc., numerous Industrial and Charitable 
Schools, Newspapers, Banks, Flour Mills, Distilleries and other 
manufactories. Markets, Wednesday, Thursday and Saturday. 
Vessels of 600 tons can ascend the river to the city. London- 
derry sends one member to the House of Commons. 

LONGFORD. — Is an inland County of Leinster ; having 
Counties, Leitrim and Cavan on the North, County AVestmeath 
on the East and South and County Roscommon on the West. 
Area, 263,645 acres ; of which 58,000 are waste. Population, 
83,198. Surface is diversified ; soil mostly a rich lOam. This 
County is watered by the Shannon river and Loch Gonna and 
other Lakes, and is crossed by the Royal Canal. The County is 
divided into 6 baronies and 23 parishes. It sends two members to 
the House of Commons. 

LONGFORD. — Is a market town and capital of County Long- 
ford, Leinster, on the Camlin river, 4 miles from its confluence with 
the Shannon, and (58 miles West Northwest of Dublin. Population, 
4,966. It is well built, clean and thriving, has a handsome Church, 
Roman Catholic Cathedral, large County Court House, County 
Jail, Infirmary, Union Work-House, Market House, and large 
Markets for Grain, Butter and Leather. 

103 



LONG ISLAND. — Is an islet off tlie Southwest coast of County 
Cork, Munster, in Eowing-water Bay, 6 miles North Northwest of 
Cap 3 Clear. Length, 2 miles. It is a coast-gniard station. 

LONGWOOD.— Is a parish of County Meatli, Leinster, 9 miles 
South Southwest of Trim. Population, 587. 

LOOP HEAD. — Is a promontory of County Clare, Munster, 
on the North side of the entrance of the Shannon river. Elevation, 
232 feet. It has a Light-House with a fixed hght. Latitude, 52^ 
33' 39'' North. Longitude, 9° 56' West. 

LORRHA. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 5 miles 
East of Portumna. Area, 16,520 acres. Population, 4,742. 

LOUGH-BRICKLAND.— Is a market town of County Down, 
Ulster, 10 miles North Northeast of Newry. Population, 647. It 
has the ruins of a Monastery. 

LOUGHGALL. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 5 miles 
North Northeast of Armagh. Area, 10,900 acres. Population, 
9,615. Castle Dillon is in this parish. 

LOUGHGILLY.— Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 3i 
miles South Southeast of Markethill. Area, 16,029 acres. Popu- 
lation, 9,852. 

LOUGHGLYNN. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Con- 
naught, 4 miles Northwest of Castlerea. Population, 10,124. 

LOUGHGUILE.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 8 
miles East Southeast of Balleymoney. Area, 29,839 acres ; a large 
portion of which is bog. Population, 6,082. 

LOUGHINISLAND.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster 4f 
miles West Southwest of Downpatrick. Area, 12,485 acres. Popu- 
lation, 6,551. 

LOUGHREA. — Is a market town of County Galway, Connaught, 
20 miles East Southeast of Galway, on a Lake of the same name. 
Population, 5,485. It has a neat Parish Church, several Roman 
Catholic Chapels and Schools, a handsome Nunnery, and a Priory, 
adjoining the remains of a small Abbey, founded by Richard de 
Burgh about 1300 ; also some manufactories of Linen. 

LOUTH. — Is a small County of Leinster ; having County 
Armagh and Carlingford Bay on the North, the Irish Sea on the 
East, County Meath on the South, and Counties, Meath and Mon- 
aghan on the West. Area, 206,261 acres ; of which 15,500 acres 
are waste. Population, 91,045 ; including Drogheda, 107,657. 
Surface generally fertile ; soil good. This County is divided into 

104 



4 baronies and 61 parishes in the diocese of Armagh. Drogheda, 
Dundalk and Ardee, arc the principal lowns. Louth sends four 
members to the House of Commons. Is also the name of a decayed 
town in County Louth, 5^ miles Southwest of Dundalk. Popu- 
lation, 781. 

LUGNAGUILLA. — Is a mountain of County WicMow, Leinster, 
6 miles Southeast of Donard. Height, 3,089 feet. 

LURGARO. — Is a market town of County Armagh, Ulster, 15 
miles East Northeast of Armagh. Population, 4,677. It has 
handsome Chui'ches and other buildings ; and gives title of Baron 
to the Brownlow family. Markets, Friday. Is also the name of 
a parish of County Cavan, Ulster. Area, 11,327 acres. Popu- 
lation, 6,557. It comprises the town of Virginia. 

LUSK. — Is a parish of County Dubhn, Leinster, 3 miles West 
of Rush. Area, 16,183 acres. Population, 5,961 ; of village, 872. 

MACGILLICUDDY REEKS.— The loftiest mountain range in 
Ireland — is in County Kerry, Muuster, between Loughs, Killarney 
on the East and Carra on the West, extending for 10 miles. Car- 
rantual is the highest peak, being 3,404 feet high. 

MACNEAN. — (Upper and Lower.) Are two Loughs of Counties, 
Fermanagh and Leitrim, Ulster and Connaught, 9 miles Southwest 
of Enniskillen. 

MACOSQUIN. — Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, 3 
miles Southwest of Coleraine. Area, 17,804 acres. Population, 
6,545. 

MACROOM.— Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, 20 
miles West of Cork, on the SuUape river. Population, 4,794. It 
is well situated and has some fine buildings, but consists mostly of 
Cabins. 

MAGHERA. — Is a market town and parish of County London- 
derry, Ulster, 20 miles South of Coleraine. Area of parish, 24,792 
acres. Population, 14,511 ; of town, 1,123. 

MAGHERACLOONEY.— Is a parish of County Monaghan, 
Ulster, 4 miles Southwest of Carrickmacross. Area, 14,951 acres. 
Population, 9,012. 

MAGHERACROSS.— Is a parish of Counties, Tyrone and 
Fermanagh, 5 miles North Northeast of Enniskillen. Area about 
10,000 acres. Population, 5,203. 

MAGHERACULMONEY.— Is a parish of County Fermanagh, 

105 



Ulster. Area, 18,576 acres. Population, 7,021. It has a ruined 
Abbey and Castle. 

MAGHERADROLL.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. 
Area, 12,553 acres. Population, 7,061. It comprises the town of 
BaUinahinch. 

MAGHERAFELT. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Londonderry, Ulster, 26 miles South of Coleraine. Area of parish, 
8,290 acres. Population, 7,649 ; of town, 1,560. It has large 
Linen manufactories. 

MAGHERALIN.— (or Makalin.) Is a parish of Counties, 
Down and Armagh, Ulster, on the Laggan river, 3^^ miles East 
Northeast of Lurgan. Area, 8,293 acres. Population, 5,476 ; 
extensively employed in Linen manufactures and Bleaching. 

MAGLASS. — Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster, 5^ miles 
Southwest of Wexford. Area, P,528 acres. Population, 1,112. 

MAGUIRE'S BRIDGE.— Is a smaU market town of County 
Fermanagh, Ulster, on Colebrook river, 7 miles Southeast of Ennis- 
killen. Population, 685. 

MAIN. — Is a river of County Antrim, Ulster, and flows into 
Loug^h Neao'h after a Southern course of 30 miles. 

o o 

MAINE. — Is a river of County Kerry, Munster, rises near Castle- 
Island, and flows West Southwest into Castlemaine harbor. 
Length, 18 miles. 

MALAHIDE. — Is a village and parish of County Dubhn, 
Leinster, 9 miles North Northeast of Dublin. Population, 1,337 ; 
partly employed in valuable oyster fishing. The village, on a bay 
of the Irish Sea, is much frequented by bathers. 

MALIN HEAD. — Is a promontory of County Donegal, Ulster. 
Latitude, 55^ 22' North. Longitude, 7^ 24' West ; with a Signal 
Tower on its summit. 

MANISTER. — Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 3 miles 
East of Croom. Population, 2,946. It has the remains of an 
Abbey of the twelfth Century. 

MANOR-HAMILTON.— Is a market town of County Leitrim, 
Conuanght, 12 miles East of SUgo. Population, 1,507. It is well 
situated. There is a neat Church and the remains of a fine 
Baronial Castle here. 

MARKETHILL. — Is a market town of County Armagh, Ulster, 
6 miles Southeast of Armagh. Population, 1,424. It has a neat 

106 



Court House, Jail, and a mansion of Lord Gosford, who owns 
the town. 

MARK.— (St.) Is a parish of County Dubhn, Leinster. Area, 
351aci'es. Population, 15,234. It comprises part of the city of 
Dublin. 

MAEYBOEOUGH.— Is a borough and town of County Queens, 
Leinster, on an affluent of the Barrow river, 10 miles South South- 
west of Portarhngton, and 53f miles Southwest of Dubhn. Popu- 
lation, 3,633. Markets, Thursday. ' 

MAYNOOTH.— Is a market town of County Kildare, Leinster, 
on the Eoyal Canal, 15 miles West Northwest of Dublin. Popu- 
lation, 2,201. It has the remains of a Castle (formerly chief seat of 
the Fitzgeralds,) a lai-ge Eoman Catholic Chapel and Convent, and 
the Eoyal CoUege of St. Patrick, founded in 1795 for the education 
of the Eoman Cathohc Clergy, which accommodates 450 students— 
250 of whom are maintained free. Carton, the demesne of the 
Duke of Leinster, is in this vicinity. 

MAYO.— Is a maritime County of Connaught ; having 
Counties, Sligo and Eoscommon on the East, County Galway on 
the South, and the Atlantic on the West and North. Area, 1,363, 
882 acres, of which 800,000 acres are waste. Population, 274,716. 
Surface is mostly mountainous but comprises many fertile and 
level tracts ; soil mostly light and with the moist climate is better 
suited for grazing than for tillage ; it is watered by the Moy river. 
Estates large, and farms very small, the tenants of which are very 
poor. The Fisheries are very valuable. The coast hne is fringed 
with chffs and islets and indented with innumerable bays, the largest 
of which are Killala, Broadhaven, Blacksod and Clew bays and Kil- 
lery harbor. The manufactories are small. The County is divided 
into 9 baronies and 60 parishes in the dioceses of Tuam, Killala, 
Achonry and Elphin. Chief towns, Castlebar, Ballina and West- 
port. It sends two members to the House of Commons. Is also 
the name of a parish in County Mayo, 3 miles Southeast of 
Ballagh. Area, 11,848 acres. Population, 4,17.9. 

MEATH.— Is a maritime County of Leinster ; having County 
Dubhn and the Irish sea on the East, and Counties, Louth, 
Monaghan, Kings, Cavan, Kildare and Westmeath on its other 
sides. Ai-ea, 579,899 acres ; nearly the whole of which is cultivated. 
Population in 1851, 140,750. Surface slightly undulating, and soil 
mostly a rich clay loam ; watered by the Boyne river. Tillage 

107 



farms cover more than four-fifths of the County, and the condition 
of the numerous small farmers is wretched. The County is divided 
into 12 baronies and 147 parishes in the diocese of Meath, founded 
about 1150. The chief towns are Trim, Kells and Naoan. This 
County sends two members to the House of Commons. Previous 
to the Anglo-Norman conquest the King of Meath was supreme 
Monarch of Ireland. 

MEELICK. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 2 miles 
Southeast of Eyrecourt. Area, 4,292 acres. Population, 1,710. 
Is also the name of a parish in County Mayo, Connaught, 8 miles 
West Southwest of Swinford. Area, 8,062 acres. Population, 
3,915. 

MEVAGH. — Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 7 miles 
Northwest of Millford. Area, 21,026 acres. Population, 5,620. 

MIDDLETON.— Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, 
14 miles East of Cork, on a stream of same name. Population, 
4,591. It is neatly built, and its port about 1 mile nearer Cork 
harbor is reached by vessels of 200 tons. It gives the title of Vis- 
count to the Broderic family. Is also the' name of a village of 
County Armagh, Ulster, 7 miles Southwest of Armagh. Population, 
708. 

MILLIFONT.— (or Mellefont.) Is a parish of County Louth, 
Leinster, 5 miles West Northwest of Drogheda, where are the 
remains of a celebrated Abbey. 

MILLTOWN. — There are two villages by this name, as 
follows, VIZ : County Kerry, Munster, 8 miles South of Tralee. 
Population, 787. (Kilcoleman Abbey is in this vicinity) County 
Dublin, Leinster, 2 miles South Southeast of Dublin. Population, 
726. 

MILLTOWN-MALBAY.— Is a town of County Clare, Munster, 
on the cove of Malbay, 8 miles AVest of Ennis. Population, 1,295. 

MITCHELLSTOAVN.— Is a market town of County Cork, Mun- 
ster, 25 miles North Northeast of Cork. It is finely situated. It 
has a large Square, handsome Church and a College for indigent 
persons of superior station adjoining seat of the Earl of Kingston. 
Is also the name of a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 3 miles 
Southeast of Nobber. Area, 973 acres. Population, 248. 

MITCHELLSTOWN CAVES.— Is in County Tipperary, Mun- 
ster, 7 miles East Northeast of Mitchellstown. They are a large 
and tine series of stalactitic caverns. 



108 



MOATE.— Is a market town of County -Westmeatli, Leinster, 
on the Grand Canal, 9 miles East Southeast of Athlone. Popu- 
lation, 2,095. 

MODKEENY.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster 
Area, 12,165 acres. Population, 5,286. It comprises the town of 
Clough Jordan. 

MONAGAY.— Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster. Area, 
22,701 acres. Population, 6,366. It comprises part of the town 
of Newcastle. 

MONAGHAN.— Is an inland County of Ulster ; having County 
Tyrone on the North, County Armagh on the East, Counties, Louth 
and Meath on the South, and Counties, Cavan and Fermanagh on 
the West. Area, 327,078 acres ; of which 20,000 acres are waste. 
Po]3ulation in 1851, 143,418. Surface is liiUy, interspered with 
many bogs and small lakes ; climate moist. Chief crops are Flax, 
Oats, "Wheat and Potatoes, but of an inferior quality. The Black- 
water is the principal river of this County. The manufacture of 
Linen, formerly very flourishing, has greatly declined. The Ulster 
Canal traverses the County, which is divided into 5 baronies and 
19 parishes in the diocese of Clogher. Monaghan, Clonee and 
Carrickmacross are the chief towns. This County sends two mem- 
bers to the House of Commons. 

MONAGHAN.— Is a market town and capital of the above 
County, on the Ulster Canal, 68 miles North Northwest of Dublin. 
Area of parish, 13,547 acres. Population, 12,160 ; of town, 4,130. 
It is situated on the borders of two large ponds. It contains some 
good buildings, Churches, etc. Linen and Hog Markets on Monday. 

MOIRA.— Is a small market town of County Down, Ulster, 14 
mHes Southwest of Belfast. Population, 823 ; chiefly employed 
in the manufacture of Linen. It gives title of Earl to the Marquis 
of Hastings, 

MONALTY.— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, on a small 
river of same name, 14 miles North Northwest of Navan. Area, 
12,678 acres. Population, 6,279. 

MONASTEREVEN.— Is a market town of County Kildare, 
Leinster, 6 miles West Southwest of Kildare, on the Barrow river, 
and a branch of the Grand CanaL Population, 1,099. It has an 
el(>gant Church and several Docks and Storehouses. 

MONEY-GALL. — Is a market-town of County Kings, Leinster, 
8 miles Southwest of Roscrea. Population, 764. 

109 



MONEYMOEE.— Is a market town of County Londonderry^ 
Ulster, 80 miles South of Coleniine. Population, 94'2. 

MONIV^. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 5 miles 
North Northeast of Athelry. Area, 21,932 acres. Population, 
4,810. It has several ruined Churches and Castles. 

MONKSTOWN. — There are several parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Cork, Munster, on Cork harbor, 8 miles East 
Southeast of Cork. Area, 1,541 acres. Population, 2,188 ; County 
Dubhn, Leinster, comprising* Kingstown ; (^ mile West of which 
is the hamlet Monkstown,) a] so several villages and numerous 
residences. Population of parish, 13,143 ; County Meath, Lein- 
ster, 5 miles East Southeast of Navan. Area, 1,870 acres. 
Population, 460. 

MONKSLAND.— Is in County Waterford, Munster. Area 
2,118 acres. Population, 1,672. It comprises the village of 
Knockmahon. 

MOOBE. — Is a parish of County Roscommon, Connaught, 4^ 
miles East Northeast of BaUinasloe. Area, 21,013 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,608. 

MORNINGTON.— Is a hamlet of County Meath, Leinster, on 
the Boyne river, 2i miles East Northeast of Drogheda. Popu- 
lation, 188. It gives the title of Earl to the AVellsley-Pole family. 

MOTHELL.— Is a parish of County Waterford, Munster, 2i 
miles Southeast of Carrickbeg. Area, 20,740 acres. Population, 
8,723. It has the remains of a Castle and ancient Abbey. 

MOUNT-LEINSTEK— Is a mountain of County Carlow, Lein- 
ster, 7 miles East Northeast of Borris. Height, 2,610 feet. 

MOUNT-MELLICK.— Is a market town of County Queens, 
Leinster, on a branch of the Grand Canal, 6 miles Northwest of 
Maryborough. Population, 4,755 ; mostly employed in Cotton 
and Woolen Manufactories, Iron and Brass Works and Potteries. 
It has a branch Bank. There are two Markets weekly. 

MOUNTRATH. — Is a market town of County Qaeens, Leinster, 
14 miles East Northeast of Roscrea. Population, 3,000. It has 
a Monastery and Nunnery, several Schools, etc., also Manufactories 
of Cotton and Worsteds. 

MOURNE ABBEY.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5 
miles South Southeast of Mallow. Area, 11,436 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,154. It has the ruins of a Preceptory of the Knights 
Templar. 

110 



MOUR'NE. — Are a range of mountains in County Down, Ulster, 
extending 11 miles from East to West, between Newcastle on the Irish 
Sea and Carlingford bay. Their highest summits rise to between 
2,000 and 3,000 feet above the sea. 

MOUliNE. — Is a river of County Donegal, Ulster, joining the 
Foyle river at Lifford after a course of 8 miles. 

jMOVILLE. — Is a small market town and parish of County 
Donegal, Ulster, on Lough Foyle, 18 miles North Northeast of 
Londonderry. Area of parish, 15,950. Population, 6,016 ; of 
town, 595. (Upper.) Is also the name of a parish adjoining the 
above on the South. Area, 19,031 acres. Population, 5,069. 

MOY.-^Is a river rising in County Sligo, Connaught, and flows 
North and West through Counties, Sligo and Mayo, and after a 
course of about 40 miles enters Killala bay. It is navigable to near 
Ballina. 

MOY. — Is a market town of County Tyroae, Ulster, 6 miles West 
Northwest of Armagh. Population, 757. It has Episcopal, 
Presbyterian and Independent Churches, and Methodist and 
Koman Catholic Chapels. There are horse and cattle Fairs held 
here the first Friday of each month. The Moy valley station of the 
Midland and Great W^estern Railroad is 5i miles East of Kinnegad 
and 30 i miles West of Dublin. 

MOYACOMBER.— Is a parish of Counties, Carlow, Wexford and 
Wicklow, Leinster. Area, 17,434 acres. Population, 4,933. It 
comprises the village of Clonegal. 

MOYARTA. — (or Moyfesta.) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster, on the peninsular between the Atlantic and the estuary 
of the Shannon river, 10 miles East Northeast of Loop-Head. 
Area, 15,613 acres. Population, 8,697. 

MOYCULLEN. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
61 miles Northwest of Galway. Area, 35,824 acres. Population, 
6,420. 

iMOYLOUGH. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 12 
miles East of Tuam. Area, 23,386 acres. Poijulation, 7,248. 

MOYRUS. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught. Area, 
101,5 10 acres ; including lakes and mountains. Population, 11,969. 

MUCKISH. — Is a mountain of C'ounty Donegal, Ulster, 5 miles 
South of Dunfanaghy. Height, 2,190 feet. 

MUCKNO. — Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster. Area, 

111 



17,104 acres ; including Lougli Muckno. Population, 9,902. Jt 
comprises the town of Castle-Blayney. 

MUGKROSS. — Is a peninsular of County Kerry, Munster, be- 
tween the middle and lower Loughs of Killarney, with the ruins of 
an Abbey founded in 1,440. 

MUFF. — ^Is a parish of County Donegal, Ulster, on Lough 
Foyle, 6 miles North Northeast of Londonderry. Area, 15,030 
acres. Population, 4,037. 

MUILREA. — (or Mulrea.) Is a mountain range of County 
Mayo, Connaught, extending along the North of Killery harbor. 
Elevation of highest peak, 2,688 feet. 

MULLAGH. — Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 7 miles East 
Southeast of Virginia. Area, 12,872 acres. Population, 6,526. i 

MULLAGHBRACK.— Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster. 
Area, 11,557 acres. Population, 8,570. It comprises part of the 
town of Markethill. The inhabitants are extensively employed in 
the manufacture of Linen. 

. MULLAGHMORE.— Is a promontory of County Sligo, Con- 
naught, 13 miles North of Shgo, projecting North into Donegal 
bay. Its proprietor. Lord Palmerston has built a harbor and small 
fishing village on its East side. 

MULLET. — Is a peninsular of the West coast of County Mayo, 
Connaught, connected with the mainland by a narrow isthmus 
from which it extends North and South at right angles. 

MULLINGAR. — Is a market town and parish of County West- 
meath, Leinster, and capital of said County, on the Brosna river 
and the Royal canal, 50 miles West Northwest of Dublin. Area 
of parish, 22,322 acres. Population, 9,903 ; of town, 5,516. It is 
well built, except in the suburbs, and has a handsome parish Church, 
Roman Catholic Cathedral, a Convent, Schools, Market House, etc. 
Markets, Thursday. There are two Fairs held here Annually. 

MULLIN'S. — (St.) Is a parish of Counties, Carlow and Water- 
ford, Leinster and Munster, 9 miles South of Burris. Area, 21,202 
acres. Population, 6,769. It comprises the villages of Tinnahinch 
and Ballymurphy. 

MULROY BAY.— Is a deep inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, County 
Donegal, Ulster, between Sheephaven bay and Lough Swilley. 
Length, 12 miles. Its shores are remarkably beautiful. 

MULTIFARNHAM.— Is a parish of County Westmeath, Lein- 



112 



ster, G miles North Northwest of MuUingar. Area, 4,895 acres. 
Population, 1,3GG. 

MUNSTER.~Is the most Southern and largest of the four 
provinces of Ireland. Area, G,064,579 acres. Population, 
2,89G,1G1. Surface is highly diversified, and the soil is watered by 
the Shannon river on the North, and the Suir river on the East. 
This province is divided into the Counties, Clare, Kerry, Limerick, . 
Cork, Tipperary and Waterford. Before the Norman conquest it 
was separated into the Kingdoms of North and South Munster. 

MUSKERRY. — Is a mountainous district of County Cork, 
Munster. Area about 311,000. Population, 90,511. 

NAAS. — ^Is a market town and parish of County Kildare, Lein- 
eter, on a branch of the Grand Canal, 9 miles Southwest of Dubhn. 
Area of parish, 5,52G. Population, 4,863 ; of town, 8,471. It 
gives title of Viscount to the Earl of Mayo. 

NANTIN AN. — (or Nantenant.) Is a parish of County Limerick, 
Munster, 2i miles South Southeast of Askeaton. Area, 7,922 acres. 
Population, 3,018. 

NARRAGHMORE.— Is a parish of County Kildare, Leinster, 2 
miles North Northwest of Ballytore. Area, 11,270 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,895. 

NAVAN. — Is a market town and parish of County Meath, Lein- 
ster, at the confluence of the Boyne and Blackwuter rivers, 26 miles 
Northwest of Dublin. . Area of parish, 3,544 acres. Population, 
6,834 ; of town, 4,987. It has a Court House, Mills, etc. 

NEAGH. — (Lough.) Is a lake on the border of County Antrim, 
Ulster. Area, 98,255 acres. Length, 17 miles. Breadth, 10 miles. 
Mean depth, 40 feet. It receives the Upper Bann and Blackwater 
rivers from the South, and discharges its surplus waters on the 
North by the Lower Bann. Height, 48 feet above the sea at low 
water. 

NENAGH. — Is a market town and parish of County Tipperary, 
Munster, near the Nenagh river, an affluent of the Shannon river, 
13 miles Northeast of Newport. Area of parish, 3,881. Popula- 
tion, 9,540 ; of town, 7.235. It is situated in a district of great 
beauty and fertility, and is neat, clean and thriving. 

NEWBLISS. — Is a thriving market town of County Monaghan, 
Ulster, 4 miles East Southeast of Clones. PopiJation, 566. 

NEWBRIDGE. — Is a market town of County Kildare. I^einster, 



113 



2 miles East Northeast of Kildare on the Liffey river. Population, 
792. Near it are the ruins of Great Connell Abbey. 

NEWCASTLE. — There are two towns and several parishes by 
this name. One of the towns is in County Limerick, Munster, 25 
miles Southwest of Limerick. Population, 2,917. It has a neat 
Church and other buildings ; another is a seaport town of County 
Down, Ulster, 11 miles South Southwest of Downpatrick. Popu- 
lation, 1,157. It is frequented as a watering place. The parishes 
are situated as follows, viz : County Limerick, Munster. Area, 5, 
325 acres. Population, 4,191. It comprises part of the town of 
Newcastle ; County Tipperary, Munster, 7 miles Southwest of 
Clonmel. Area, 10,855 acres. Population, 2,293 ; of village 258 ; 
(Upper.) Is in County Wicklow, Leinster. Area, 7,026 acres. 
Population, 2,766. It comprises the town of Newtown-Mount- 
Kennedy ; County Waterford, Munster, 4 miles Northeast Kilmac- 
thomas. Area, 3,961 acres. Population, 1,337. (Lower.) Is in 
County Wicklow, Leinster, 2^ miles Southeast of Newtown- Mount- 
Kennedy. Area, 4,750 acres. Population, 1,226 ; of village 196. 
(Newcastle-lyons.) Is in County Dublin, Leinster, 10 miles West 
Southwest of Dublin. Area, 4,282 acres. Population, 1,108. 

NEWMAKKET.— Is a market town of County Clare, Munster, 
4i miles South Southeast of Clare, on the Fergus river. Popu- 
lation, 1,526. 

NEWPORT-PRATT.— Is a seaport town of County Mayo, 
Connaught, on the Newport river, 8 miles West Northwest of 
Castlebar. Population, 1,091. The harbor is spacious and safe. 

NEWPORT-TIP.— Is a market town of County Tipperary, 
Munster, on the Mulkern river, 9 2^ miles Northeast of Limerick. 
Population, 1,072. 

NEWRY. — Is a parliamentary borough, river-port town and 
parish of Counties, Down and Armagh, Ulster, on the Newry 
Water, here crossed by 8 bridges 6 miles above its fall in Carhng- 
ford bay, and on the Newry Canal. Area of parish, 5,470 acres. 
Population, 25,168. Area of borough, 2,543 acres. Population, 
13,227 ; of town, 13,556. It is well built, except some parts of 
the old town. It contams many handsome Churches and other 
buildings. The borough sends one member to the House of 
C ommons. 

NEWTOWN. — There are numerous parishes, villages and a small 
town by this name, the principal of which is a parish of County 

.114 



Meath, Leinster, 3 miles North of KeUs ; another is in County 
Westmeatli, Leinster. Area, 10,249 acres. Population, 3,010. It 
comprises the town of Tyrrell's Pass. 

NEWTON-AEDES.— Is a borough, seaport town and parish of 
County Down, Ulster, at the Northern extremity of Lough Strang- 
ford, lO'hiiles East of Belfast. Area of parish, 14,804 acres. Popu- 
lation, 13,886 ; of town, 9,551. It is weU built and has good build- 
ings. The weaving and embroidering of Damask Muslins is carried 
on here to a considerable extent. 

NEWTOWN-BARRY.— Is a market town and parish of County 
Wexford, Leinster, at the confluence of the Clady with the Slaney 
river 3 miles South of Clonegal. Area of parish, 8,284. Popu- 
lation, 3,723 ; of town, 1,437. 

:NEWT0W^N-CL0NEBURN.— Is a parish of County Meath, 
Leinster, on the Boyne river, 1 mile East of Trim. Area, 566 
a«res. Population, 298. 

NEWTOWN-.CKOMMOLIN— Is a parish of County Antrim, 
Ulster, 3 mHes Northeast of Clough. Area, 3,466 acres. Popu- 
lation, 799 ; of village, 175. 

NEWTOWN-FORBES.— Is a parish of County Longford, 

Leinster, 2^ miles West Northwest of Longford. Population, 478. 

NEWTOWN-HAMILTON.— Is a market town and parish of 

County Armagh, Ulster, 9i miles Southeast of Armagh. Area of 

parish, 12,405 acres. Population, 7,538 ; of town, 1,231. 

NEWTOWN-LENANT.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, 
Munster, 3 miles Northeast of Carrick-on-Suir. Area, 5,774 acres. 

Population, 1,806. 

NEWTOWN-MOUNT-KENNEDY.— Is a market town of 

County Wlcklow, Leinster, 8 miles North Northwest of WicMow. 

Population, 823. .\. 

■NEWT6^VN-LIMAYADDY.— Is a disfranchised boi-otigh and 
market town of County Londonderry, Ulster, 15 miles Noi-theast 
of Londonderry, on the Roe river. Population, 3,101. It is well 
built and has many fine public buildings. Markets, Monday, 

Tuesdav and Friday. • 

NEWTOWN-STEWART.— (formerly Lislas.) Is a market 
town of County Londonderry, Ulster, on the Mourne river, 5 miles 
North of Gorton. Population, 1,405. Fairs, last Monday of cveiy 
Month. About 1^ miles Southwest of the town is Barons Court, 
the seat of the Marquis of Abercorn. 

115 



NOHOVALL. — (or Noughill. ) There are numerous parishes by 
this name, as follows, viz : Counties, Westmeath and Longford, 
Leinster, about i miles West Northwest of Ballymore. Area, 
15,152 acres. Population, 4,480; (N.-Daly,) Counties, Cork 
and Kerry, Munster, 6^ miles West Northwest of Mill Street. 
Area, 17,373 acres. Population, 3,954; County Cork, Munster, 
4 miles East of Kinsale. Area, 2,568 acres. Population, 1,175 ; 
of viUage, 142 ; (N. -Kerry,) County Kerry, Munster, 2k miles 
W^est of Castle-Island. Area, 3,204 acres. Population, 944 ; 
County Clare, Munster, 2 miles Northeast of Kiltinora. Area, 
4,661 acres. Population, 450. 

NUENEY. — There are several parishes by this name in Leinster, 
as follows, viz : County Carlow, 3 miles Northeast of Leighlin- 
Bridge. Area, 2,723 acres. Population, 905 ; County Kildare, 4 
miles Southwest of Kildare. Area, 1,798 acres. Poj)ulation, 735 ; 
3 miles North Northwest of Carbery. Area, 2,130 acres. Popu- 
lation, 651. 

O'BRIEN'S BRIDGE.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 
'4 miles South Southwest of Kilaloe. Area, 11,425 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,995 ; of whom 435 are in the viUage, which is on the 
Shannon river. 

. O'DORNEY. — Is a parish of County Kerry, IMunster, 4 miles 
North of Q'ralee. Area, 7,227 acres. Population, 3,142. 

OFFERLANE. — Is a parish of County Queens, Leinster, 3^- 
miles West Southwest of Mountrath. Area, 48,927 acres. Popu- 
lation, 10,491. It has the remains of 3 baronial Castles. 

OGONNELLOE.— (or Ogonilloe.) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster, 4 miles Northwest of Killaloe. Area, 9,926 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,162. It comprises jDart of Lough Derry. 

OLDCASTLE.— (or Clotynge.) Is a market town and parish 
-of County 'Meath,\Leinster, 12 miles W^est Northwest of Kells. 
Area of parish, 7,908. Population, 5,079 ; of town, 1,508. It has 
the largest Yarn trade in the County, also extensive Corn MiUs. 

OMAGH. — Is a market town of County Tyrone, Ulster, 27 miles 
South of Londonderry. Population, 2,947. It is well built and 
clean, and contains an elegant County Court House, Jail, etc. The 
town was destroyed by fire in 1689 and 1743. Markets, weekly. 
Fairs, first Tuesday of every month. It is the seat of the Courts 
of Assize for the County. 

OMEY. — (or Umma.) Is a parish of County Galway, Connaugh^. 



116 



Area, '20,836 acres. Population, 7,953. It comprises the town of 
Clil'den. 

OOLA. — (or Ulla.) Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
5 miles Northwest of Tipperary. Area, 6,859 acres. Population 
3,377 ; of village, 398. 

OKANMOEE. — Is a town and parish of County Galway, Con- 
naught, 5 miles East of Galway, at the head of Oranmore bay. 
Area, 19,335 acres ; including Loughs. Population, 7,952 ; of 
town, 842. It has a handsome parish Church, Roman Cathohc 
Chapel and a Castle of the fifteenth Centur5\ It has a large traffic 
in Turf, Sea Manure and Fish. 

OREEY. — (or Kilmore.) Is a barony of County Cork, Munster. 
Area, 69,346 acres. Population, 34,134. It gives the title of Earl 
to the Boyle family. Earls of Cork. 

OSSORY. — Is an old principahty and diocese of Counties, Kil- 
kenny, Queens and Kings, Leinster. Since 1833 the Protestant 
as weU as Roman Catholic See has had its seat at Kilkenny. 

OUTRAGH. — (or Outrath.) There are several parishes by this 
name, as follows, viz : County Leitrim, Connaught. Area, 21,690 
acres. Poj^ulation, 9,255. It comprises the town of BaUmamore ; 
County Tipperary, Munster, 3 miles North Northeast of Cahir. 
Area, 1,548 acres. Population, 554; County Kilkenny, Leinster, 2 
miles Southeast of Kilkenny. Area, 2,050 acres. Population, 599. 

OVOCA. — (or AvocA.) Is a river of County Wicklow, Leinster, 
formed by the confluence of the waters Avonbeg and Avonmore, 
and after a Southeast course of 6 miles enters the Irish Sea near 
Arklow. Its vale is celebrated for its picturesque beauty. 

PALLAS-KENRY. — Is a market town of County Limerick, 
Munster, 10 miles East Southeast of Limerick. Population, 783. 
Fair on the fifteenth of August. County Petty Sessions are held 
here. 

PALLICE. — (or Pallas.) Is a hamlet of County Longford, 
Leinster, 1^ miles Southeast of BaUymahon. Ohver Goldsmith 
was born here in 1731. 

PxVLMERSTOWN. — Is a town and parish of County Dubhn, 
Leinster, adjoining Phoenix Park. Area, 1,517 acres. Population, 
1,411 ; of village, 201. It gives the title of Visconnt to the Temple 
family. 

PARSONSTOWN.— Is a parish of County Louth, Leinster, 

117 



4 miles East Southeast of Dunleer. Area, 524 acres. Population, 
237. 

PASSAGE. — There are two small seaport towns by this name 
in Munster. One is in County Waterford, 6 miles East Southeast 
of Waterford, on the estuary of the Suir river. Population, G24. 
It is irregularly built, and has a Pier and a Block House. Another 
is in County Cork, Munster, 7i miles East Southeast of Cork, on 
the estuary of the Lee river, opposite Great Island. Population, 
1,721. It has several Churches. It is the port of Cork for all 
large shipping, and is the seat of Petty Sessions. There is also a 
village and hamlet of same name in County Cork. 

PIGOEPET. — Is a village of Counties, Donegal and Fermanagh, 
Ulster, on the Yermon river, near its mouth in Lough Erne, 13 
miles Southeast of Donegal. Population, 616. It stands amidst 
wooded hills and is a station for the numerous pilgrims who resort 
to Lough Dreg. 

PHILIPSTOWN.— Is a market town and Assize town of County 
King's, Leinster, on the Grand Canal, 9 miles East Northeast of 
TuUamore. Population, 1,489. The principal edifices are an old 
Castle, (once the residence of King Philip of Spain, and now a 
barracks,) two Schools, Session House and Jail. It is also the 
name of a parish in County Louth, Leinster, 4 miles Northwest of 
Ardee. Area, 3,660 acres. Population, 1,669. 

PHILIPSTOWN.— (or Nugent.) Is a parish 4 mHes West 
Northwest of Dundalk. Area, 1,036 acres. Population, 401. 

PILLTOWN. — Is a small market town of County Kilkenny, 
Leinster, 4 miles East of Carrick-on-Suir. Population, 701. It is 
clean and neat, and adjoining it is the seat of the Earl of Bes- 
borough. 

POMEROY. — Is a village and parish* of County Tyrone, Ulster, 

9 miles Northwest of Dungannon. Area, 15,950 acres. Popula- 
tion, 8,527 ; of village 491. 

PORTADOWN.— Is a market town of County Armagh, Ulster, 

10 miles East Northeast of Armagh on the Bann river. Popula- 
tion, 2.505. Markets, weekly. There are fifteen Fairs held here 
Annually. There are large manufactories of Linen and Cotton 
goods, and a large Distillery here. It has a brisk trade in Corn. 

PORTAFEERY. — Is a seaport and market town of County 
Down, Ulster, near the entrance to Lough Strangford, 7i miles 

lis 



East Northeast of Downpatrick. Population, 2,007. There are 
fourteen Fairs held here Annually. 

PORTARLINGTON. — Is a parliamentary and municipal bor- 
ough and town of Counties, Kings and Queens, Leinster, on the 
Barrow river, 40 miles West Southwest of Dublin. Area of bor- 
ough, 915 acres. Population, 3,10G. It is one of the best built 
and cleanest country towns in Ireland, and has some fine buildings. 
It s?nds one member to the House of Commons. It gives title of 
Earl to the Dawson family. 

POETGLEXONE.— Is a market town in County Antrim, 
Ulster, on the Bann river, 7 miles South Southeast of Kilrea. 
Population, 990. 

POPtTMARNOCK.— Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 8^ 
miles North Northeast of Dublin. Area, 2,084 acres. Population, 
631. 

PORTRUSH. — Is a small seaport town of County Antrim, 
Ulster, 5 miles North of Coleraine, on a narrow peninsular, near 
the Skerr}^ island. Population, G30. It is neatly built, and is 
much resorted to for bathing. 

PORT-STEWART. — Is a maritime town of County Londonderry, 
Ulster, 4 miles North Northwest of Coleraine. Population, 603. 
It is frequented as a watering place. 

PORl'UMNA. — Is a market town of County Galway, Connaught, 
17 miles East Southeast of Lougli Rea. Population, 1,643. It 
has a good trade. 

P0WER8C0URT.— (or Stagonil.) Is a parish of County 
Wicklow, Leinster, 3 miles West Southwest of Bray. Area, 18,938 
acres. Population, 3,070. It gives the title of Viscount to the 
Wingfield family. Near it is a Waterfall. 

PUFFIN ISLAND.— Is a rocky island off the coast of County 
Kerry, Munster, in St. Finnan's bay, 3 miles Southeast of Breahead, 
Valentia island. 

QUEENS. — (County.) Is an inland County of Leinster ; having 
County Kings on the North, County Kildare on the East, County 
Kilkenny on the South and County Tipperary on the West. Area, 
424,854 acres ; of which 69,289 acres are uncultivated. Popu- 
lation, 111,623. The Surface is mostly flat, rising in the Northwest 
into the Sliebhloom mountains. The soil is fertile, interspersed 
with bog, and watered by the Barrow and Nore rivers. Agricul- 
ture has improved. Dairy and other stock are numerous. Estates 

119 



mostly large. There are some manufactories of Woolen, Cotton 
and Linen goods. It is divided into 11 baronies and 53 parishes. 
It sends two members to the House of Commons. . 

QUEENSTOWN.— (Now caUed Cove of Cork.) 

QUIN. — Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 5 miles East of 
Clare. Area, 9,585 acres. Population, 3,634 ; of village, 173. 

QUINCE. — (or Squince.) Is a smaU island off the Southwest 
coast of County Cork, Munster, Southwest of entrance to Glan- 
dore harbor. It has good pasturage. 

RACA.VAN. — Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster. Area, 
17,563 acres. Population, 5,356. It comprises the town of 
Broughshane. 

RAH AW. — (or Raghan.) There are two parishes by this name. 
One is in County Cork, Munster. Area, 10,083 acres. Population, 
4,061. It comprises the town of Ballymagooley. The other is in 
County Kings, Leinster, on the Grand Canal, 5 miles West of 
Tullamore. Area, 14,985 acres. Population, 4,311. It has 
numerous ruins. 

RAHENY. — (or Ratheny.) Is a village and parish of County 
DubHn, Leinster, 4 miles Northeast of DubHn, on the North side 
of Dui)lin bay. Population of village, 295. 

RAHOON. — Is a village and parish of County Galway, Con- 
naught. Are^, 15,168 acres. Population, 14^443. It comprises 
part of the town of Galway. 

RAMOAN. — (or Rathmoan.) Is a parish of County Antrim, 
Ulster, at its Northeast extremity. Area, 12,066 acres. Popula- 
tion, 3,110. It comprises the town of Ballycastle with Kenbane 
headland and the mountain Knocklayd. 

RANDALSTOWN. — Is a market town and formerly parha- 
mentary borough of County Antrim, Ulster, 2i miles North of 
Lough Neagh and 5 miles West Northwest of Antrim, on the Main 
river near its mouth. Population, 588. The town is neat and 
has a good Market House, with Assembly Rooms, Church, Bar- 
racks and some manufactories. Shane's Castle, the seat of Earl 
O'Neill is adjoining. Linen markets first Wednesday in every 
month. 

RANELA.GH. — Is a suburb of Dubhn, li miles South Southeast 
of Dublin Castle. It is well built and gives the title of Earl to the 
Jones family. 

RAPHOE. — Is an episcopal market town, parish and barony of 

120 



County Doncgel, Ulster, 5^ miles West Northwest of Lifford. It 
consists chietly of a market place and has some Public Buildings, 
Chui'ches, etc. Market, weekly. The diocese comprises 35 parishes 
in County Donegal. Eaphoe is also the head of the Koman 
Catholic diocese, and a monastery is said to have been founded here 
by St. Columb of lona. 

' RxiSHARKIE.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 6 miles 
North of Portglenone. Area, 19,337 acres. Population, 7,507. 

RATASS.— (or Rathass.) Is a parish of County Kerry, Mun- 
ster. Area, 2,365 acres. Population, 2,838. It comprises part of 
the town of Tralee. 

RATH.— Is a parish of County Clare, Munster, 2 miles South 
Southwest of Corrofin. Area, 8,489 acres. Population, 2,647. 
It is also the name of a village of County Kings, Leinster, 5 mHes 
Southwest of Frankford. 

RATHANGAN.— Is a market town and parish of County Kil- 
dare, Leinster, 5 miles North Northwest of KHdare, on the Black- 
wood river and branch of the Grand CanaL Area, 11,530 acres. 
-Population, 2,991 ; of town, 1,083. 

RATHASPECK. — There are several parishes by this name in 

Leinster, as follows, viz : County Westmeath. Area, 7,664 acres. 

Population, 2,135. It comprises the town of Rathowen ; County 

, Wexford, 3 miles South Southwest of Wexford. Area, 2,804 acres. 

Population, 737. 

RATHASPECK.— (or Rathasback.) Chiefly in County Queens, 
. -5 miles South Southwest of Athy. Area, 8,2l8 acres. Population, 

4,133. 

RATHBOURNEY.— Is a parish of County Olare, Munster, 2i 
miles South Southwest of Ballyvaughan. Area, 9,633 acres. Popu- 
• lation, 1,000. 

RATHBRAN.— Is a parish of County Wicklow, Leinster. It 
comprises the town of Stratford-on-Slaney. 

RATHCAVAN.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster. Area, 
: 17,563 acres. Population, 5,356. It comprises the town of 
Broughshane. 

RATHCLARIN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 4i miles 
Southeast of Bandon. Area, 5,901 acres. Population, 2,907. 

RATHCLINE.— Is a parish and barony of County Longford, 
Leinster. Area of parish, 12,883 acres. Population, 2,792. The 
parish comprises the town of Lanesboro. 



1?1 



RATHCONNEL.-r-Is a parisli of County Westmeatii, Leinstor; 
Si miles East Northeast of MuUingar. Area, 15,699 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,605. Eathconnel bog Las an area of 2,505 acres. 

EATHCONRATH.— Is a village, parisli and barony of County 
Westmeath, Leinster. The village is situated 8^ miles AVest of 
Mulhugar. Area of parish, 8,745 acres. Population, 3,878. The 
residence of the D'Alton family id in this parish, which has many 
antiquities. 

RATHCOOLE. — There are several parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Kilkenny, Leinster, 3k miles Northeast of 
Kilkenny. Area, 3,672 acres. Population, 1,283 ; County Dublin; 
Leinster, 11 miles West Southwest of Dublin. Area, 4,705 acres. 
Population, 1,527 ; County Tipperary, Munster, 2 miles Northwest 
of Fethard. Area, 5,904 acres. Population, 1,677. 

RATHCOONAY.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 4 miles 
East Northeast of Cork. Area, 5,152 acres. Population, 3,376. 

RATHCORE.— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, on the 
Royal Canal. Area, 12,804 acres. Population, 3,546. It com- 
prises the town of Enfield. 

RATHCORMACK. — Is a market town and parish, and formerly 
a parliamentary borough of County Cork, Munster, 15 miles North 
Northeast of Cork, on the Bride river. Area of parish, 13,995 
acres. Population, 4,000 ; of town, 1,321. The town is neat and 
clean. 

RATHCORMACK.— (or Rathgormuck.) Is a parish of County 
Waterford, Munster, 4 miles Southwest of Carrick-on-Suir. Area, 
17,965 acres. Population, 2,498. 

RATHDOWN CASTLE.— Is a ruin of the East coast of County 
Wicklow, Leinster, 2 miles South of Brayhead. Rathdown is the 
name given to two contigious baronies. 

RATHDOWNEY.— Is a market town and parish of Coimty 
Queens, Leinster, 6i miles South Southeast of Borris-in-Ossory. 
Area of parish, 17,116 acres. Population, 6,756 ; of town, 1,414. 
It has Petty Sessions. There are seven Fairs held here Annually. 

RATHDRUM. — Is a j)arish and market town of County AVick- 
low, Leinster, 8 miles West Southwest of Wicklow, on the Avon- 
more river. Area of parish, 5,798 acres. Population, 2,905 ; of 
town, 1,232. 

RATHFARNHAM.— Is a large village and parish of County 
Dubhn, Leinster, 3 miles South of Dubhn. Area of parish, 2,78^ 

122 



acres. Population, 4,469. It contains numerous fine dwellings 
and demesnes, a line Cliui'ch and Ratlifarnham Castle, the property 
of the Marquis of Ely, now converted into a Dairy. 

RATHFRILAND.— Is a market town of County Down, Ulster, 
9 miles East Northeast of Newry. Population, 2,183 ; chiefly 
employed in Linen weaving. 

RATHGAR. — Is a village of County Dublin, Leinster, 2 miles 
South of Dublin. It has many Muslin, Calico and Print Works. 

RATHGRAFF. — (or Rathgarve.) Is a parish of County West- 
meath, Leinster. Area, 6,024 acres. Population, 3,606. It com- 
prises the town of Castle-Pollai'd. 

RATHKEALE. — Is a market town and parish of County Lim- 
erick, Munster, 17 miles West Southwest of Limerick in the Deel 
river. Area of parish, 12,095 acres. Population, 8,293 ; which 
includes many descendants of German Protestants, (termed pala- 
tines) established here by the Southwell family whose seat. Castle 
Matress, is immediately South of the town. This town ranks second 
in the County, is very prosperous and has many fine buildings. 
Population, 4,201. 

RATHKENNAN. — (or Rathkenny.) There are several parishes 
by this name, as follows, viz : County Tipperary, Munster, 4 miles 
West Southwest of Holycross. Area, 787 acres. Population, 299. 
County Meath, Leinster, 5 miles Northwest of Slane. Area, 5,496 
acres. Population, 2,179. 

RATHLIN. — (Rachlin or Raghert.) Is an Island off the coast 
of County Antrim, Ulster, forming a parish, situated in the North 
channel, 3 miles Northwest of Fairhead. Latitude, 55^ 17' 6'f 
North. Longitude, 6^ 11' West. Area, 3,398 acres. Population, 
1,010. Like the Giant's Causeway on the opposite coast, it is 
of Basaltic formation. Among its numerous antiquities is a ruined 
Castle which in 1306 afforded a refuge to Robert Bruce. 

RATHLIN-O'BIRNE.— Is a group of islets off Teelen Head, 
Ulster, on the North side of Donegal bay. 

RATHMELTON.— Is a town of County Donegal, Ulster, on the 
West side of Lough Swilly, 6 miles W^est of RathmuUen. Popu- 
lation, 1,498. 

RATHMINES.— Is a suburb of Dubhn, on the South, U miles 
South of Dublin Castle. Population, 2,429. It has a modern 
residence on the site of the battlefield where in 1649 the repub- 
licans totally defeated the forces of the Marquis of Ormonde. 

123 



EATHMOLYON— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 2| 
miles West Northwest of Summerhill. Area, 9,783 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,953 ; of whom 176 are in the village. 

RATHMOEE — There are several parishes by this name in 
Leinster, as follows, viz : County Carlow, 3^ miles North of Tullow. 
Area, 815 acres. Population, 323 ; County Kildare, 4:h miles East 
Northeast of Naas. Area, 7,756 acres. Population, 1,495 ; County 
Meath, 4 miles North Northeast of Athboj*. Area, 5,845 acres. 
Population, 1,780. There is also a bo^" by this name in County 
Kerry, Munster, having an area of 1,371 acres. 

EATHMULLEN.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, on 
Dundrum bay. Area, 3,369 acres. Population, 2,603. It com- 
prises the town of Killough. 

EATHNEW. — Is a maritime parish of County Wicklow, Lein- 
ster. Area, 8,641 acres. Population, 5,754 ; of village, 118. It 
comprises part of the town of Wicklow. 

EATHOWEN.— Is a village of County Westmeath, Leinster, 
12 miles North Northwest of Mullingar. Population, 550. It has 
a Church, School and Court House. There are two Fairs held 
here Annually. 

EATHEEAGH. — There are two parishes by this name. One is 
in County Longford, Leinster, 4 miles South of Edgeworthstown. 
Area, 4,023 acres. Population, 1,123 ; another is in County Mayo, 
Connaught, 3^ miles Northwest of Killala. Area, 4,164 acres. 
Population, 1,664. 

EATHEONAU. — There are two parishes by this name in Mun- 
ster. One is in County Limerick. Area, 18,117 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,245. It comprises the village of Athea. The other is in 
County Tipperary, 3 miles North of Clonmel. Area, 2,641 acres. 
Population, 1,112. 

EATHSALLAH. — Is a parish of County Wicklow, Leinster. 
Area, 1,776 acres. Population, 226. 

EATHSAEAN. — Is a parish of County Queens, 2 miles West of 
Rathdowney. Area, 2,291 acres. Population, 965. 

EATHYILLY. — Is a village, parish and barony of County Car- 
low, Leinster, 10 miles East Northeast of Carlow. Area of parish, 
9,212 acres. Population, 3,493 ; of village, 499. 

EATOATH. — Is a village, parish and formerly parliamentary 
bojrough of County Meath, Leinster, 14 miles North Northwest of 

124 



Dublin. Area of parisli, 9,3;U acres. Population, 1,597 ; of vil- 
lage, 543. 

IIITTOO.— Is a parisli of County Keny, Munster, 6i miles 
West Southwest of Listowel. xVrea, 8,230 acres. Population, 
3,8G0. 

IIAYMOCHY.— Is a parisli of County Donegal, Ulster, on Lough 
Swilly. Area, 15.28G acres. Population, 5,733. It comprises the 
village of j\Ianor-Conyngham. 

RAYMUNTUDONY.— Is h parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 
4^ miles Southwest of Dunfanaghy. Area, 12,163 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,238. 

EEYMORE. — Is a parish of County Queens, Leinster, 6 miles 
West Northwest of MountmeUick. Area, 13,943 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,916. Its Southern part comprises a part of the SHebhloom 
mountains. Highest point, 1,676 feet. 

liEE. — (Lough.) Is a Lough formed by an expansion of the 
Shannon river, between the provinces of Leinster and Connaught. 
Length, 15 miles. Greatest breadth, 8 miles. Area, 42 square 
miles, or 26,880 acres. It contains many islets and receives the; 
Inny river on the East. 

EEYNAGH.— Is a parish of County Kings, Leinster. Area, 
8,82 r acres. Population, 5,106. It comprises the town of Bana- 
gher. Here are the remains of several old baronial Castles and 
ecclesiastical edifices. 

RICH HILL.— Is a market town of County Armagh, Ulster, 4 
miles East Northeast of Armagh. Population, 752. It has quite 
a Linen trade. 

RINGROVE. — Is a maritime parish of County Cork, IMunster, 
2 miles South of Kinsale. Area, 9,240 acres. Population, 5,455. 
Here are the ruins of Ringrove Castle, which gives the title of 
Baron to Lord Kinsale. 

RINGSEND.— Is a suburb of Dublin, h mile East of Dublin 
Castle. It adjoins Irishtown and forms one of the lowest quarters 
of Dublin. 

ROARING WATER BAY.— Is a bay of County Cork, Munster, 
extending inland for 9 miles behind Cape Clear. 

ROBE. — Is a river of County Mayo, Connaught, rising near 
Clare and after a westward course of 26 miles flows into Lough 
Mask, 2 miles West of Ballinrobe. 

ROBEEN. — Is a parisli of County Mayo, Connaught, 2 miles 

125 



Northwest of Hollymont. Area, 10,007 acres. Population, 3,544. 

KOBERTSTOWN.— There are two parishes by this name. One 
is in County Meath, Leinster, 4 miles West of Drumconrath. The 
other or (Castle Robert,) is in County Limericl?, IMunster, 4^- miles 
West of Askeaton. Area, 5,906 acres. Population, 2,314. 

ROCHESTOWN.— There are two parishes by this name. One 
IS in County Tipperary, Munster, 3 miles East Southeast of Cahir. 
Area, 1,0G3 acres. Population, 488. The other, (or Bally Willl\m) 
is in County Limerick, Munster, 2 miles North Northwest of Six- 
mile-Bridge. Area, 1,165 acres. Population, 273. It is also the 
name of a hamlet in County Dubhn, Leinster, 41- miles East South- 
east of Dundrum. 

ROSBERCON. — (or Rosebercon.) Is a village and parish of 
County Kilkenny, Leinster, on the West side of the Barrow river, 
opposite New Ross, of which it is a suburb. Area, 1,705 acres. 
Population, 1,538. It has large Stores, Quays, Colcomb Distillery 
and picture sque remains of a Monastery. 

ROSCOMMON. — Is an inland County of Connaught ; having 
the Counties, Longford and Westmeath on the East, from which it 
is separated by the Shannon river ; the Counties, Galway and 
Mayo on the West, separated by the Suck river ; the Counties, 
Sligo and Leitrim on the North. Area, 607,691 acres ; of which 
130,300 are waste. Population in 1851, 174,492. The surface is 
mostly undulating, being mountainous in the North and flat in the 
East. Soil generally fertile and pastures fine. The chief produc- 
tions are Oats, Potatoes and Wheat. Land near the towns rents 
at from £3 to £4 per acre, but average rent elsewhere is less than 
20 Shillings. The manufactures have much declined. The County^ 
is divided into 9 baronies. It sends two members to the House of 
Commons. The principal towns are Roscommon, Castlereagh, 
Boyle, Strokestown and a part of Athlone. 

ROSCOMMON. — Is a market town and parish, and formerly a 
parliamentary borough and capital of County Roscommon, Con- 
naught, 17 miles North Northwest of Athlone. Area of parish, 
9,819 acres. Population, 8,191 ; of town, 3,439. The town is 
poorly built, the principal buildings being the parish Church, 
Roman Catholic Chapel, Jail, new Court House, some Manufacto- 
ries, etc. Markets, Saturday. It gives title of Earl to the Dillon 
family. 

ROSCREA. — Is a market town and parish of County Tipperary, 



126 



7 miles West of Borris-in-Ossory. Area of parish, 4,829 acres. 
Population, 5,275. It is well situated but poorly built, having some 
good Public Buildings, C-hurches, Manfactories, etc. Markets, Mou- 
da}^ and Thursday. 

EOSENALLIS. — Is a parish of County Queens, Leinster. 
Area, 41,119 acres. Population, 8,505 ; of village 239, with part 
of the town of Mountmellick. 

ROSS. — There are numerous locahties by this name, as follows, 
viz : an island in the lower lake of KiUarney, County Kerry, Munster, 
2 miles South of Killarney^ Area, 100 acres; on it are the remains 
of a strong Castle ; a bog of County Queens, Leinster, 3 miles 
West Northwest of Maryboro'. Area, 3,007 acres ; a parish of 
County Galway, Connaught, 12^ miles Northwest of Oughterard. 
Area, 59,G51 acres. Population, 4,804. It comprisse part of 
Loughs, Mask and Corrib. The Devils mountain in this parish 
rises to the height of 2,131 feet ; a harbor of County Mayo, 
Connaught, on the East side of Broadhaven ; a bar of County 
Galway; and a village in County Clare. It is also the name of 
a small Lough. 

ROSS. — (or RosscARBERY.) Is a market town, parish and Episco- 
pal See of County Cork, Munster. The town is situated 7 miles 
West Southwest of Clonakilty. Area, 13,350 acres. Population, 
8,839 ; of town, 1,530. It is poorly built, and has several good 
buildings. Churches, etc. The See comprises 32 parishes in the 
same County, and is united to the diocese of Cork and Cloyne. 

ROSS. — (New.) Is a parhamentary and municipal borough, 
river port, town and parish of County Wexford, Leinster, on the 
Barrow river, 13 miles North Northeast of Waterford and 17 miles 
West Southwest of Enniscorthy. Area of parish, 4,922 acres. 
Population in 1851, 9,131. Area, of parliamentary borough, 390 
acres. Population in 1851, 7,778. It is well built and enclosed by 
old waUs, and has a Quay 650 feet in length. It contains many 
fine buildings and has an extensive trade. Exports, Corn, Flour, 
W^ool, Butter, Cattle and Bacon. It sends one member to the 
House of Commons. It gives title of Earl to the Parsons family. 

ROSSDROIT. — Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster, 4 miles 
West Southwest of Enniscorthy. Area, 8,866 acres. Population, 
2,258. 

ROSSDUFF.— Is a parish of County Waterford, Munster, 2| 
miles Northwest of Dunmore. Area, 197 acres. Population, 111. 

127 



KOSSTNVER.— Is a parish of Counties, Sligo and Leitrim, Con- 
naught. Area, 48,843 acres. Population, 28,130. It comprises 
the village of Kinlough. 

ROSSMERE. — (or Rossmire.) Is a parish of County Waterford, 
Munster. Area, 8,161 acres. Population, 2,866. It comprises the 
town of Kilmacthomas. 

ROSSORY. — Is a parish of County Fermanagh, Ulster. Area, 
7,654 acres. Population, 3,846. It comprises part of the town of 
Enniskillen. 

ROSTREVOR. — Is a small maritime town of County Down, 
Ulster, on the North side of Carlingford bay, 8 miles East South- 
east of Newry. Population, 683. It is finely situated and much 
resorted to by bathers. There are seven Fairs held here Annually. 

RUSH. — Is a seaport atid market town of County Dubhn, Lein- 
ster, situated on a headland projecting into the Irish sea, 14 miles 
Northeast of Dublin. Population, 1,603. It has a small harbor 
and coast-guard station. 

RUTLAND ISLAND.— Is an island off the coast of County 
Donegal, Ulster, immediately East of North Arran. 

SAINTFIELD. — (or Tullaghnanoeve.) Is a market town and 
parish of County Down, Ulster, 9 miles South Southeast of Bel- 
fast. Area of parish, 13,334 acres. Population, 6,247 ; of town, 
909. It has a thriving trade in Linens, Calicoes, Corduroys and 
other fabrics. 

SALLINS. — Is a village of County Kildare, on the Grand Canal, 
7i miles Northeast of Newbridge. Population, 392. 

SALTEE ISLANDS.— Are two small islands and a group of 
rocks off the coast of County Wexford, Leinster. The large island 
lies about 15 miles East of Hook-head, and is 1 mile in length. 
A vessel showing a fixed double hght is stationed 3i miles West 
Southwest of this island. 

SANDY MOUNT.— Is a viUage of County Dubhn, Leinster, 
2i miles South Southeast of Dublin, on Dubhn bay. It is much 
frequented for sea-bathing, 

SCARIFF. — Is a market town of County Clare, Munster, on the 
Scariff river, 8 miles North Northwest of KiUaloe. Population, 
656. 

SCR ABB Y. — (or Ballymacalleny. ) Is a parish of County Cavan, 
Ulster, 3^ miles South Southeast of Armagh. Area of parish, 
6,661 acres. Population, 2,836 ; of village, 170. 

128 



SEAGOE.— (or SeCxOe.) Is a parish of County Armagli, ITlster. 
Area, 10,D82 acres. Population, 11,094. It comprises a part of 
the town of Portadown. 

SEAPATRICK.— Is a parish of County Down, Ulster. Area, 
7,588 acres. Population, 9,528. It comprises the town of Ban- 
bridge. 

SESKINAN.— Is a parish of County Waterford, Munster, 6 
miles Northeast of Cappoquin. Area, 16,877 acres. Population, 

3,210. 

SHANAGOLDEN.— Is a parish of County Limerick, Munster, 
5 miles Southwest of Askeaton. Area, 4,233 acres. Population, 
2,716 ; of village, 548. 

SHANDRUM.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 2 miles 
West Northwest of Charleville. Area, 13,451 acres. Population, 
5,161. 

SHANKILL. — There are several parishes by this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : County Armagh, Ulster. Area, 6,514 acres. Popu- 
lation, 9,350. It comprises the town of Lurgan ; County Roscom- 
mon, Connaught, If miles West of Elphin. Area, 6,611 acres. 
Population, 2,626 ; (or St. Kill,) County Kilkenny, Leinster, 2 
miles North of Gowran. Area, 6,489 acres. Population, 2,506. 
It IS also the name of a hamlet in County Dublin. 

SHANNON.— Is the principal river of Ireland. It rises in a 
pond called the Shannon Pot, near the base of Cuilcagh mountain, 
County Cavan, and flows generally South and empties into the 
Atlantic Ocean, after a course of 224 miles. It divides Connaught 
from Leinster, and traverses the Northern part of Munster, sep- 
arating County Clare from Counties, Tipperary, Limerick and 
Kerry. It also, by its widening, forms Loughs, Allen, Baffin, Ree 
and Derg. It is navigable to near its source, although it is 
obstructed in many places by rapids and shallows, to overcome 
which, large sums have been expended. Its affluents are the Bojde, 
Suck and Fergus rivers on the West, and the Inny, Brosna, Mul- 
kerna and Maig rivers on the East. It is tidal for the East third 
of its course, and may be ascended by vessels of 400 tons to 
Limerick. It is connected with Dublin by the Grand Canal from 
Shannon harbor near Banagher, and by the Royal Canal, which 
joins it at Farmonbarry, near Longford. It gives title of Earl to 
the Bojde family. 

SHANNON BRIDGE.— Is a village and fortified post on the 



129 



Shannon river, County Kings, Leinster, 2^ miles North Northeast 
of Banagher. Population, 398. 

SHANNON HARBOR and SHANNON GROVE.— Are villages 
lower down the river. 

SHANRAHAN. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster. 
Area, ^4,923 acres. Population, 7,398. It comprises the town of 
Clog'heen. 

SHEELIN. — (Lough.) Is a lake partly in Counties, Meath and 
"Westmeath, Leinster, but chiefly in County Cavan, Ulster, 5 miles 
East of Granard, 5 miles in length. 

SHERCOCK. — (or Killan.) Is a parish of County Cavan, 
Ulster, 91" miles Southeast of Cotehill. Area, 8,221 acres. Popu- 
lation, 5,544 ; of village 511. 

SHILLELxiGH. — Is a village of County Wicklow, Leinster, on. 
the ShiUelagh, an afjQuent of Slaney, 9 miles East Southeast of 
Tullow. Population, 186. It has a handsome Church and other 
Buildings. 

SHINRONE. — Is a market town and parish of County Kings, 6 
miles West Northwest of Roscrea. Area of parish, 4,869 acres. 
Population, 2,563 ; of town, 1,054. There are remains of several 
Castles here. 

SIX-MILE-BRIDGE.— Is a market town of County Clare, 
Munster, on the Augarnee river, 9 miles Northwest of Limerick. 
Population, 848. It has a Court House, Bridewell and Market 
House. Is also the name of a market town of County Limerick, 
10 miles South Southeast of Limerick. Population, 174. 

SIX-MILE-CROSS.— Is a village of County Tyrone, Ulster, 
on the Clogphin river, 8 miles West Southwest of Pomeroy. Popu- 
lation, 600. There are twelve Eairs held here Annually. 

SKERRIES. — Is a fishing town of County Dublin, Leinster, 17 
miles North Northeast of Dublin, on a headland f miles East of 
the Dublin and Drogheda Railroad. Population, 2,417. It is 
clean and weU built and has a good pier. It is also the name of 
an islet in the Irish sea off the Northwest coast of Anglesey. It 
has a hghthouse. Latitude, 53^ 25' 3'' North. Longitude, 4^ 36' 
5" West. Elevation, 117 feet. 

SKERRY. — Is a parish of Count}^ Antrim, Ulster, 3 luiles East 
Northeast of Broughshane. Area, 26,176 acres. Population, 5,349. 

SKIBBEREEN.— Is a market town of County Cork, Munster, 
40 miles Southwest of Cork, on the river Hen. Population, 4,715. 



130 



It is brisk and thriving, and has a good Church, several Schools, 
llridewell, etc. In the vicinity are the remains of several feudal 
Castles and a Monastery. 

8KIUTS. — (or Derg.) Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. 
Area, 14,286 acres. Population, 5,799. It comprises the town of 
Castle-Derg. 

SKREEN. — (or Skryne.) Is a barony, parish and village of 
County Meath, Leinster. The village is situated 6 miles Southeast 
of Navan. Population, 225. There are remains of Ecclesiastical 
edifices. Area of parish, 4,251 acres. Population, 1,156. It is 
also the name of a parish of County Sligo, Connaught, 10^ miles 
West Southwest of Sligo. Area, 13,237 acres. Population, 4,103. 
It is also a parish of County Wexford, Leinster, 6 miles Northeast 
of Wexford. Population, 820. 

SKULL. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 11 miles West 
of Skibbereen. Area, 37,923 acres. Population, 17,314 ; of vil- 
lage, 452. 

SLANE. — Is a market town and parish of County Meath, Lein- 
ster, on the Boyne river, 8 miles West of Drogheda. Area, 5,947 
acres. Population, 2,510 ; of town, 555. 

SLANES. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 3 miles North- 
east of Portaferry. Area, 946 acres. Population, 556. 

SLANEY. — Is a river of Leinster, rising in County Wicklow, 
flows South through the Counties, Carlow and AVexford, and 
empties in Wexford harbor after a course of 60 miles. Tidal for 
10 miles and navigable to Enniscorthy. 

SLIEVE-BEG. — Is a mountain of County Down, Ulster, 2^ 
miles West Southwest of Newcastle. Elevation, 2,384 feet. 

SLIEVE-CAR. — Is a mountain of County Mayo, Connaught, 
between Lough Coon and Blacksod bay. Elevation, 2,368 feet. 

SLIEVE-DONARD.— Is a mountain of County Down, Ulster, 
on the Southwest side of Dundrum bay, 2 miles Southwest of 
Newcastle. Elevation, 2,796 feet. 

SLIGO. — Is a maritime County of Connaught ; having the 
County Leitrim on the East, the Counties, Roscommon and Mayo 
on the South, and the bays of Killala, Sligo and Donegal on the 
Northwest and North. Area, 461,753 acres ; of which 115,438 
acres are waste. Population in 1851, 128,511. Surface greatly 
diversified ; soil fertile in some parts, and watered by the Arrow 
and INIoy rivers, the latter forming the West boundary, and by 

131 



Loughs, Arrow, Gill and a part of Garra. Agriculture 'improved, 
the principal crops being Oats, Potatoes and Wheat. Estates 
large, but farms are small. Coarse Linens and Woolens are manu- 
factui*ed here. The fisheries employ about 2,000 pe^'sons. The 
County is subdivided into 6 baronies and 41 parishes in the diocese 
of Achonry and Elphin. This County sends two members to the 
House of Commons. 

SLIGO. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, and sea- 
port town and capital of County Sligo, Connaught, at . the head of 
Sligo bay, and at the mouth of the Sligo river, 69 miles South 
Southwest of Londonderry. Area of parliamentary borough, 
3,001 acres. Population, 11,511 ; of town, 2,046. The town has 
many handsome edifices, two Churches, a large Roman Catholic 
Chapel, Monastery, County Court House, Prison, etc. The harbor 
is much improved, and vessels of 300 tons can approach the town. 
It has several Flour Mills and Breweries. The borough sends one 
member to the House of Commons. It gives the title of Marquis 
to the Brown family. 

SLIGO BAY. — Is an inlet of the Atlantic, South of Donegal 
bay, extending inland for 12 miles, and having a breadth at its 
entrance of 6 miles. 

SOLLOGHODMORE.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Mun- 
ster, oi miles Northwest of Tipperary. Area, 6,657 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,852. 

SOREELL HEAD. — Is a mountain of County Wicklow, Lein- 
ster, 4 miles Southeast of Blessington. Elevation, 1,915 feet. 

STEWARTSTOWN.— Is a market town of County Tyrone, 
Ulster, 7 miles North Northeast of Dunganncn. Population, 1,082. 

STILLORGAN. — Is a village of County Dubhn, Leinster, 5 miles 
Southeast of Dubhn. Population, 611. It gives the title of Baron 
to the AUen family. 

STRABANE. — Is a municipal borough and market town of 
County Tyrone, Ulster, on the Mourne river, and near its confluene 
with the Finn and Foyle rivers. Population, 3,611. Its trade 
is facilitated by a canal from it to where the Foyle river becomes 
navigable for barges of 40 tons. Adjoining the town is a Salmon 
Fishery. 

STRADBALLY. — Is a market town and parish of County 
Queens, Leinster, on the Strad river, 7 miles 'East Southeast of 
Maryboro'. Ai'ea of parish, 2,467 acres. Population, 2,588 ; of 



132 



town, 1,682. Near it is Rockle}- Park, formerly the residence of 
• the Earl of Roclen. 

STRADBALLY. — Is a parish of County Waterford, Munster, 8 
miles East Northeast of Dungarven. Area, 10,917 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,419 ; of village, 814. 

STRADBALLY. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
3i miles South Southeast of Oranmore. Area, 4,618 acres. Popu- 
lation, 1,264 ; of village, 280. It is also the name of a parish of 
County Kerry, Munster, 15 miles West of Traiee. Area, 4,103 
acres. Population, 1,202 ; of village, 336. It is situated on the 
shore of Bandon bay. 

STRADONE. — Is a village of County Cavan, Ulster, 5 miles 
East Southeast of Cavan. Population, 322. There are eight Fairs 
held here Annually. 

STRAFF AN.— Is a parish of County Kildare, Leinster, 17 miles 
"West Southwest of Dublin. Area, 2,286 acres. Population, 834. 
STRAID. — (or Templemore.) Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connaught, 4 miles South of Foxford. Area, 9,465 acres. Popu- 
lation, 4,251. Here are the remains of an Abbey and an Old 
Castle. 

STRANGFORD. — Is a seaport and market town of County 
Down, Ulster, 6 miles East Northeast of Downpatrick. Popula- 
tion, 571. It employs many vessels in the fisheries. Adjoining 
are Castleward and four Forts. It gives the title of Viscount to 
the Smyth family. 

STRANGFORD. — (Lough.) Is a large lake or inlet of the sea, 
between Lough Belfast and Dundrum bay, 15 miles in length. 
It is shallow. ' 

STRANOLAR. — Is a market town and parish of County Donegal, 
Ulster, on the Finn river, i mile Northeast of Ballybofey. Area 
of parish, 15.508. Population, 4,944 ; of town, 385. It comprises 
the town of Ballybofey. 

STRATFORD UPON SLANEY.— Is a small manufactui-ing 
town of County Wicklow, Leinster, on the Slaney river, 13 mile^ 
South Southwest of Blessington. Population, 618. 

SIROKESIOWN. Is a market town of County Roscommon, 
Connaught, 6^ miles South Southeast of Elphin. Population, 
1,611. The demesne of Lord Hartland (Bawn) is adjacent. 

SUIR Is a river of Munster, rising in the Devil's Bit mountains 
flowing South for 100 miles, emptying into Waterford harbor. 

133 



SWADLINBAR— Is a small town of County Cavan, Vhtcv, 8 
miles Northwest of Ballyconnell. Poi:)ulation, 492. 

SWILLY. — (Lough.) Is an inlet of the Atlantic on the North 
coast of County Donegal, Ulster, extending inland for 25 miles, 
where it receives the 8wilty river. There is a Light House on 
Tannet Point, on the West side of its entrance. Latitude, 55^ 16' 
33" North. Longitude, 7^ 38' West. 

SWINEFORD.— Is a market town of County Mayo, Connaught, 
15i miles East Northeast of Castlebar. Population, 1,016. 

SWORDS. — Is a market town and parish of County Dublm, 
Leinster, 8 miles North Northeast of Dublin, on Swords river. 
Area, 9,675 acres. Population, 3,638 ; of town, 1,788. It has 
many fine buildings, but the town is much decayed. 

TAGHBOY. — (or Taughboy.) Is a parish of County Roscom- 
mon, Connaught, 5i miles Southeast of Atiileague. Area, 13,997 
acres. Poj)ulation, 8,825. 

TAGHEEN. — (or Taugheen.) Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connaught, 2f miles North Northeast of Holly mount. Area, 6,837 
acres. Population, 3,084. 

TAGHMACONNELL.— Is a parish of County Roscommon, 
Connaught, 4^ miles North Northeast of Ballinasloe. Area, 18,876 
acres. Population, 4,807. 

TAGHMON. — Is a disfranchised parliamentary borough and 
parish of County Wexford, Leinster, H miles West Southwest of 
Wexford. Area, 10,125 acres. Population, 3,737 ; of town, 1,303. 
It is poorly built. It is also the name of a parish of County West- 
meath, Leinster, 6 miles North Northeast of IMullingar. Area, 
3,453 acres. Population, 958. 

TALLAGHT. — Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, 5 miles 
Southwest of Dublin. Area, 21,868 acres. PojDulation, 4,921 ; of 
vihage, 348. 

TALLOW. — Is a market town and parish of County Waterford, 
Munster, 42 miles North Northwest of Youghal. Area of parish, 
5,027 acres. Population, 4,867 ; of town, 2,969. It has a hand- 
some Church and large Roman Catholic Chapel. 

TALLOW-BRIDGE.— Is a viUage ^ mile North Northeast of 
Tallow. Population, 258. 

TAMLAGHT. — There are several parishes by this name, as fol- 
lows, viz : County Tyrone, Ulster, 3i miles South Southeast of 
Moneymore. Area, 4,955 acres. Population, 3,006 ; (who are 

134 



engaged in the manufacture of Linen.) There is a large Druidical 
Altar here ; County Londonderry, Ulster, (3 miles Northeast of 
Maghera. Area, 17,402 acres. Population, G,616 ; (or O'Crilly,) ' 
County Londonderry, Ulster. Area, 1G,840 acres. Population, 
1G,849. It comprises part of the town of Portglenone. 

TANEY. — (Tawney or Church-Town.) Is a parish of County 
Dublin, Leinster, 2^ miles South Southeast of Dublin. Area, 
4,503 acres. Population, 3,848. Is also the name of a village of 
County Donegal, Ulster, i)i miles West of Millford. Population, 
128. 

TANKARDSTOWN.— There are two parishes by this name. 
One is in Counties, Kildare and Queens, Leinster, 3^ miles South 
Southeast of Athy. Area, 8,350 acres. Population, 1,914 ; another 
is in County Limerick, Munster, 1 mile West of Kilmallock. Area, 
1,710 acres. Population, 660. 

TAR A. — Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 2 miles West of 
Skreen. Area, 3,364 acres. Population, 586. The hiU of Tara 
was in remote antiquity the chief seat of the Irish Monarchs, and 
from it was originally brought the famous stone long used in the 
Coronation of the Scottish Kings at Scone, and now in the chair 
of Edward the Confessor at Westminster. 

TARBERT. — Is a seaport town of County Kerry, Munster, on 
the Shannon river, 4 miles West Northwest of Glin. Population, 
1,024. 

TARMONBARRY.— (or Termonbarry.) Is a parish of County 
Roscommon, Connaught, 8 miles East Southeast of Strokestown. 
Area, 9,295 acres. Population, 4,279. 

TARTARAGHAN.— Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 
4 miles North Northeast of Longhgall. Area, 11,612 acres. Popu- 
lation, 7,313. 

TASHINNY. — (or Taghshinny.) Is a parish of County Long- 
ford, Leinster, 3 miles Northeast of Ballymahon. Area, 4,881 
acres. Population, 2,333. 

TEDAONET.^(or Tedonagh.) Is a parish of County Mon- 
aghan, Ulster, 4 miles Northwest of Monaghan. Area, 26,502 
acres. PopTilation, 11,645. 

TEHALLON. — (or Tyhallon.) Is a parish of County Mon- 
aghan, Ulster, 3^ miles East Northeast of Monaghan. Area, 5,949 
acres. Pop'jlation, 3,806 ; partly employed in Linen Weaving. 

TEIGHSHINOD. — (or Taghsheenod.) Is a parish of County 

135 



Longford, Leinster, Si miles Northeast of Bally to ahon. Area, 
5,713 acres. Population, 2,533. 

I'EMPLEBOY,— Is a maritime parish of County Sligo, Con- 
naught, 2 miles Southeast of Dunmore. Are^i, 9,113 acres. Pop- 
ulation, 3,812. 

TEMPLEBREADY.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 6 
miles South Southeast of Passage. Area, 2,654 acres. Population, 
1,613. 

TEMPLEBREDIN.— Is a parish of Counties, Tipperary and 
Limerick, Munster, 2^ miles North of Emly. Area, 2,455 acres. 
Population, 1,457. 

TEMPLECARNE.~Is a parish of Counties, Fermanagh and 
Donegal, Ulster. Area, 45,870 acres. Population, 5,934. It com- 
prises part of the town of Pettigoe. 

TEMPLECORRAN.— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, U 
miles Northeast of Carrickfergus. Area, 4,744 acres. Population, 
1,428. The Church of Templecorran, now ruined, was the first 
benefice to which Dean Swift was appointed. 

TEMPLECRONE.— Is a maritime parish of County Donegal, 
Ulster. Area, 52,921 acres. Population, 9,842. It comprises the 
town of Dunglo. 

TEMPLEDERRY.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
7^- miles Southeast of Nenagh. Area, 6,990 acres. Population, 
2,032. 

TEMPLEKELLY. — (or Templejehaxly.) Is a parish of County 
Tipperary, Munster. Area, 10,039 acres. Population, 4,259. It 
comprises the town of Ballina. 

TEMPLEMARTIN.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5^ 
miles North of Bandon. Area, 7,515 acres. Population, 2,362. 

TEMPLEMARTIN.— (or St. Maetin.) Is a parish of County 
Kilkenny, Leinster, 2 miles East of Kilkenny. Area, 782 acres. 
Population, 306. 

TEMPLEMICHAEL.— There are several parishes by this name, 
as foUows, viz : County Longford, Leinster. Area, 9,115 acres. 
Population, 8,484. It comprises the town of Longford ; County 
Waterford, Munster, 2? miles North Northwest of Youghal. Area, 
8,216 acres. Population, 2,994 ; County Tipperary, Munster, 11 
miles East Northeast of Clonmel ; (or Deduagh,) County Cork, 
Munster, 2h miles East Northeast of Innishannon. Area, 2,064 
acres. Population, 711. 

136 



TEMPLEMORE; — Is a town and parisli of County Tipperary, 
Muuster, near the foot of the Devil's Bit mountains, 8 miles North 
of Thurles. Area of parish, 8,472 acres. Population, 5,966 ; of 
town 3,685. It is well built and has many good buildings. It is 
also the name of a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster. Area, 
12,616 acres. Population, 20,379. It comprises the greater part 
of the city of Londonderry. 

. TEMPLENEIRY. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
3i miles from Tipperary. Area, 12,840 acres. Population, 3,700. 
The Galtee mountains are in the parish. Highest elevation, 2,588 
feet. 

TEMPLENOE. — Is a parish of County Kerry, Munster, 5h miles 
West Southwest of Kenmare. Area, 32,428 acres. Population, 
4,189. 

TEMPLENOE. — (or Lisnavilla.) Is a parish of County Tip- 
perary, Munster, 3 miles Northeast of Tipperary. Area, 2,730 
acres. Population, 1,154. 

TEMPLEOUTEAGH.— (or Uppeechurch.) Is a parish of 
County Tipperary, Munster, 8 miles Northwest of Holycross. 
Area, 12,903 acres. Population, 3,144. 

TEMPLEPATRICK— Is a parish of County Antrim, Ulster, 5i 
miles East Southeast of Antrim. Area, 14,191 acres. Population, 
3,559 ; of viUage, 194. . 

TEMPLEPORT.— Is a parish of County Cavan, Ulster, 4 miles 
West Southwest of Bally connel. Area, 42,172 acres. Population, 
12,100. 

TEMPLEROBIN.— Is a parish of County Cork ; consisting of 
Spike and Hawlbowline islands, in Cork harbor, and comprises 
part of Great Isle, with the chief j)art of Queenstown. Area, 3,594 
acres. Population, 7,391. 

TEMPLESHAMBO. — (or Templeshanbough.) Is a parish of 
County Wexford, Leinster, 6 miles West Southwest of Newtown- 
barry. Area, 19,516 acres. Population, 6,907. 

TEMPLESHANNON.— Is a parish of County Wexford, Lein- 
ster. Area, 4,903 acres. Population, 3,232. It comprises part 
of the town of Enniscorthy. 

TEMPLETENNY. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
5 miles West of Clogheen. Area, 18,182 acres. Population. 6,907- 

137 



TEMPLETOGHEE.— Isa parish of County Galway, Connaught, 
32- miles Northwest of BaUymoe. Area, 13,70G acres. Popula- 
tion, 4,976. 

TEMPLETOWN.— Is a parish of County Wexford, Leinster. 2i 
miles West Southwest of Eethard. Area, 4,157 acres. Popula- 
tion, 1,426. It is also the name of a village of County Louth, 
Leinster, 3i miles South Southeast of Carlingfoi-d. 

TEMPLETRI^IE.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 5 
miles Southwest of Kinsale. Area, 4,784 acres. Population, 2,149. 

TEMPLETUOHY.— (or Ballinsin.) Is a parish of County 
Tipperary, Munster, 5 miles East of Templemore. Area, 8,461 
acres. Population, 3,194 ; of village, 393, near which are the 
ruins of Lisdallen Castle. 

TEMPLEUI3IGAN.— (or St. Peters.) Is a parish of County 
Wexford, Leinster, 5 miles North Northwest of New Boss. Area, 
8,177 acres. Population, 2,151. 

TEMPO. — Is a neat village of County Fermanagh, Ulster, on 
the Tempo river, 8 miles East Northeast of Enniskillen. Popu- 
lation, 422. 

TEBMONAMUNGAN.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 
3i miles Southwest of Castle-Derg. Area, 45,399 acres. Popula- 
tion, 7,561. 

TERMONEENY.— Is a parish of County Londonderry, Ulster, 
35- miles Southeast of Maghera. Area, 4,774 acres. Population, 
2,539. 

TERMONFECKAN.— (or Torteckan.) Is a parish and village 
of County Louth, Leinster, on the East coast, 2 miles South South- 
west of Clogher. Area of parish, 6,382 acres. Population, 3,344 ; 
of village, 412. It is much resorted to for sea bathing. 

TEBMONMAQUIRK.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 
4 miles West of Pomeroy. Area, 41,079 acres. Population, 12,098. 

TEBEYGLASS. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 5 
miles Northwest of Borris O'Kane. Area, 9,762 acres. Popu- 
lation, 2,953. 

TESSABAGH. — (or Taughsrara.) Is a parish of County Bos- 
common, Connaught, 2 miles South Southwest of Athleague. 
Area, 8,482 acres. Population, 3,356. 

TESSAUBAN. — (or Kilgally.) Is a parish of County Kings, 
Leinster, 1^- miles Northwest of Cloghan. Area, 7,317 acres. 
Population, 2,029. 

138 



THURLES.— Is a market town and parish of County Tipperary, 
Munster, 21 miles Northeast of Tipperary, on the Suir river. Area, 
8,209 acres. Population of town in 1851, 5,921 ; of parish, 10,284. 
It has a Koman Cathohc Chapel, Palace and Episcopal Palace, 
College, etc. 

TICKMICREVAN.— Is a parish of County Antrim. Area, 
20,507 acres. Population, 4,444. It comprises the town of Glen- 
arm. 

TIMOLEAGUE.— Is a decayed market town and parish of 
County Cork, :Munstcr, on Courtmacksherry Bay, 7 miles South 
Southwest of Baudon. Area of paiish, 2,873 acres. Population, 
1,686 ; of town, 635. 

TINEHELY.— Is a market town of County Wicklow, Leinster, 
i)^ miles Southwest of Aughrim. Population, 640. It has been 
rebuilt since its destruction in 1798, by Earl FitzwiUiam, whose seat 
Coolattin Park, is in the vicinity. 

TINTERN.— (or Kinneagh.) Is a parish of County Wexford, 3 
miles North of Fethard. Area, 6,863 acres. Population, 2,680. 
Here are remains of an xAbbey. 

TIPPERARY.— Is aninland County of Munster. Area, 1,061,730 
acres ; of which 191,706 are uncultivated. Population in 1851, 
331,487. Surface diversified and in some parts mountainous soil 
generally is of extraordinary fertihty, yielding large crops, Agri- 
culture is much improved but farms are small. The Knock- 
meledown and Devils Bit are the principal mountains ; the Suir 
is the principal river. This County is divided into North and South 
Ridings, 12 baronies and 193 parishes in the dioceses of Cashel, 
Emly, KiEaloe and Lismore. It sends 2 members to the House of 
Commons. 

TIPPERARY.— Is the capital of County Tipperary, on the Arra 
river, an affluent of the Suir, 25 miles Southeast of Limerick. 
Population in 1851, 6,130. It is situated in a fertile track and is 
well built and thriving. It contains many handsome Churches, 
Public and Charitable Institutions, etc. 

TOBBER.— Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster, U miles 
Northeast of Dunlavin. Area, 1,434 acres. Population, 576. 
There is a village of same name in County Tipperary, Munster, 2h 
miles Southwest of Clonmel, near the Suir river. Population, 149. 
Is also name of a hamlet of County Kings, Leinster, 3 miles North- 
west of Clai*e. 

139 



TOBBERAHEENA.~Is a viUage of County Tipperaiy, Mun- 
ster, on the Suir river, 2i miles Southwest of Clonmel. Popu- 
lation, 453. 

TOBBERCUEEY.— Is a market town of County Shgo, 19 miles 
East Southeast of Ballina. Population, 783. 

TOBBERMORE.— Is a smaU town of County Londonderry, 
Ulster, 5 miles Northwest of Magherafelt. Population, 525. 

TOMFINLOUGH.— Is a pai^ish of County Clare, Munster. 
Area, 6,736 acres. Population, 4,401. It comprises the town of 
Newmarket-on-Fergus. 

TOMGRANEY.— (or Tomgrini.) Is a parish of County Clare, 
Munster, 7 miles North Northwest of KiHaloe. Area, 14,181 acres. 
Population, 6,113 ; of village, 371. 

TOMREG-xlN.— Is a parish chiefly of County Cavan, Ulster. 
Area, 10,677 acres. Population, 4,212. It comprises part of the 
town of Ballyconnel. 

TOOM. — (or TooMVEPJG. ) Is a parish of County Tipparary, 
Munster, 6 miles Northwest of Tipperary. Area, 12,278 acres. 
Population, 4,277. 

TOOMAVARRA.— Is a village of County Tipperary, Munster, 
7 miles East Southeast of Nenagh. Population, 885. 

TOOMB. — (or Toome.) Is a parish of County Wexford, Lein- 
fiter, 5i miles Southwest of Gorey. Area, 6,979 acres. Population, 
4,087. 

TORY ISLAND.— Is an island off the Northwest coast of 
County Donegal, Ulster, 5 miles North Northwest of Innisboffin, 
•with a Light House. Latitude, 55^ 5' North. Longitude, 8^ 15' 
West. Area, 785 acres. Population, 700. 

TOWMORE.— (or Tuomore.) Is a parish of County Mayo, 
Connaught. Area, 6,787 acres. Population, 3,744. It comprises 
the town of Foxford. 

TRACTON.— Is a parish of County Cork, Munster, 3 miles 
South of CaiTigaline. Area, 5,862 acres. Population, 2,959 ; of 
village, 115. 

TRALEE. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, seaport 
town and parish of County Kerry, Munster, on the Lee river, 59 
miles Noith Northwest of Cork. Area of parish, 4,605 acres. 
Population, 12,564. Area of parliamentary borough, 546 acres. 
Population in 1851, 9,916. It is well built, lighted and cleaned, 
and is rapidly increasing. It has many public edifices. Vessels 

140 



of 300 tons can approach the town by means of a Ship Canal. 
IMarkets, Tuesdays and Saturdays. There are five Fairs held here 
Annually. It is the seat of County Assizes and Quarter Sessions, 
and head of a Poor Law Union. The borough sends one member 
to the Honse of Commons. 

TRALEE BAY. — Is the Southern estuary of the Shannon river, 
and is 15 miles in length. Bally heigue town and bay are on its 
North shore. 

TillM. — Is a disfranchised parliamentary borough, market town, 
parish and capital of County Meath, Leinster, on the Boyne river, 
25 miles Northwest of Dublin. Area of parish, 13,426 acres. 
Population, G,ol4; of town, 2,2G9. It is very old, and was formerly 
enclosed by walls. It has many public edifices. Schools, etc. Trim 
Castle was founded in the reign of Henry II. There is a handsome 
pillar erected in honor of the Duke of Wellington, whose birth- 
place, the demesne of Dangan, is situated South of the town. 

TlvOUY. — (or St. Michael's Trory.) Is a parish of County 
Fermanagh, Ulster, Si miles North of Enniskillen. Area, 8,059 
acres. Population, 2,028. 

TUAM. — Is an Episcopal town and parish of County Galway, 
Connaught, 19 miles North Northeast of Galway, on the Clare 
river. Area of parish, 25,026 acres. Population, 13,425 ; of town, 
or city, 6,034. The town consists of five principal streets, Market 
Place, and some squalid straggling thoroughfares. It has a Roman 
Catholic and Protestant Cathedrals, and two Episcopal Palaces, the 
Roman Catholic CoUege of St. Jarlath, Diocesan and other Public 
Schools, Court House, Bridewell, etc. It has Linen and Canvas 
Manufactories. It has a large retail trade. It was until 1839 the 
See of a Protestant Archbishop, but now nineteen-twentieths of 
the population are Roman Catholics. 

TUBBRID. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 4 miles 
South Southwest of Cahir. Area, 12,573 acres. Population, 4,874. 
There is also a parish of this name in County Kilkenny, Leinster, 
3^- miles East Southeast of PiUtown. Population, 241. 

TULLA. — (or Tulloh.) Is a market town and parish of County 
Clare, Munster, 9i miles Northeast of Ennis. Area of parish, 
24,532 acres. Population, 8,748 ; of town, 1,217. 

TULLAGH. — Is a parish of County Cork, Munster. Area, 
5,349 acres. Population, 3,690. It comprises the part of Balti- 
more, the island of Innisherkin. 



141 



TULLAGHANBEOGUE.— Is a parish of County Kilkenny, 
Leinster, 4 miles Southwest of Kilkenny. Area, 3,487 acres. Pop- 
ulation, 1,078. 

TULLAGHANOGE.— Is a parish of County Meath, Leinster, 
2h miles Southeast of Athboy. Area, 1,415 acres. Population, 
178. 

TULLAGHLEASE.— (or Tdllilease.) Is a parish of County 
Cork, Munster, 7 miles North Northeast of Newmarket. Area, 
8,292 acres. Population, 3,278. 

TULLAGHNISKEN.— Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster, 3 
miles Northeast of Dungannon. Area, 4,461 acres. Population, 
4,106. 

TULLAGHOBIGLY. — (or Ryetullaghobigly.) Is a maritime 
parish of County Donegal, Ulster, 6 miles Southwest of Dunfan- 
aghy. Area, 68,609 acres. Population, 9,049. It includes several 
islands. 

TULLAGHORTON.— Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
2 miles Northeast of Clogheen. Area, 6,889 acres. Population, 
2,198. 

TULLAGHOUGHT.— Is a parish of County Kilkenny, Leinster, 
2|- miles South Southwest of Kilmaganny. Area, 4,602 acres. 
Population, 1,750. 

TULLAMORE. — Is an inland town of County Kings, Leinster, 
on an affluent of the Clodagh river and on the Grand Canal, 50 
miles AVest Southwest of Dublin. Population, 6,342. It is the 
principal shipping station on the Grand Canal. Charleville forest, 
adjacent, is tiie seat of Earl Charleville, w4io owns the town. 

TULLAROAN. — Is a parish of County Kilkenny, Leinster, 5 
miles South Southwest of Freshford. Area, 12,360 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,490. Here are the remains of Courtstown Castle. 

TULLOW. — Is a market town and parish of County Dublin, 
Leinster, on the Slaney river, 8 miles East Sontheiist of Carlow. 
Area of parish, 7,990 acres. Population, 4,478 ; of town, 3,097. 
It has a Castle of the twelfth Century. 

TULLY. — There are several parishes by this name, as follows, 
viz : County Dublin, Leinster, 3 miles South of Kingstown. Area, 
3,286 acres. Population, 1,207 ; (or Tullyeerne,) County Donegal, 
Ulster. Area, 16,612 acres. Population, 6,141. It comprises part 
of the town of Ramelton ; (or Coglanstown,) County Kildare^ 



142 



einster, 1 mile South Southeast of Kildare. Area, 5,154 acres. 
Population, 1,279. 

TULLYCOllBET.— Is a parish of County Monaghan, Ulster, 4 
milts North of Ballybay. Area, 8,913 acres. Population, 5,096. 

TULLYLISIi. — Is a parish of County Down, Ulster, 5i miles 
South Southeast of Portadown. Area, 11,707 acres. Population, 
12,GG0. 

TULSK. — Is a borough and village of County Koscommon, 
Connaught, 11 miles Northwest of Koscommon. Population, 133. 

TUMNA. — (or Joemonia.) Is a parish of County Koscommon, 
Connaught, 1 mile North of Carrick-on-Shannon. Area, 8,189 
acres. Population, 4,180. 

TUMOKE. — (or Toomouk.) Is a parish of County Shgo, Con- 
naught, 3i miles Southeast of Ballymote. Area, 10,835 acres. 
Population, 3,319. 

TUKLOUGH.— Is a parish of County Mayo, Connaught, 3| 
miles Northeast of Castlebar. Area, 24,567 acres. Population, 
7,430. In the village are the remains of an Abbey, and a very 
perfect Pillar-Tower. 

TYBOHINE. — (or Taughboyne.) Is a parish of County Ros- 
common, Connaught, 4-^ miles Northwest of Castlereagh. Area, 
4,492 acres. Poj^ulation, 17,804. It comprises the town of 
Frenchpark. 

TYNAGH. — Is a parish of County Galway, Connaught, 7i miles 
Northwest of Portumna. Area, 12,520 acres. Population, 5,941 ; 
of village, 348. The remains of a Church and four Castles are 
here. 

TYNAN. — Is a parish of County Armagh, Ulster, 6i miles West 
Southwest of Armagh. Area, 17,046 acres. Population, 11,392 ; 
of village, 177. 

TYNISH. — Is an islet off the West coast of County Galway, 
Connaught, 2 miles West of Lettermore. Population, 150; mostly 
emxjloyed in fishing. 

TYKONE. — Is an inland County of Ulster; having County 
Londonderry on the North, County Armagh on the East, County 
Monaghan on the South and County Donegal on the W^est. Area, 
806,640 acres; of which 311,867 acres are uncultivated. Popu- 
lation in 1851, 254,878. Surface hilly; rising into mountains 
in the North and South. Soil is fertile ; and well watered by the 
tributaries of the Blackwater and Foyle rivers. Agriculture 



143 



generally very backward ; the principal crops being Potatoes, Oats, 
Barley, Flax and Clover. The manufacture of Linen, Coarse 
Woolens, Blankets, Whiskey, Beer, Flour, Meal and Coarse Earthen- 
ware is carried on quite extensively. This County is subdivided 
into 4 baronies and 85 parishes in the dioceses of Clogher, Armagh 
and Derry. Strabane, Dungannon, Cookstown and Omagh are 
the principal towns. Tyrone sends two members to the House of 
Commons. The O'Neills, Kings in Ireland antecedent to Christi- 
anity, were chiefs of Tyrone when the memorable Kebellion of 
1597 broke out under their auspices. 

ULLARD. — Is a parish of County Carlow, Leinster, 2i miles 
North Northeast of Graigue. Area, 5,848 acres. Population, 
2,354. It has the remains of a Castle and some Ecclesiastical 
edifices. 

ULLID. — Is a parish of County Kilkenny. Leinster, 2i miles 
Northeast of Mount coin. Population, 646. 

ULSTER. — Is the most Northern Province of Ireland ; lying 
between Latitude, 53^ 46' and 55^ 26' North. Longitude, 5«^ 24' 
and 8^ 45' West. Having the province of Leinster on the South, 
Connaught on the Southwest, the Atlantic Ocean on the West and 
North and the Irish Sea on the East. Area, 5,475,438 acres ; of 
which 1,764,370 acres are uncultivated, and 241,856 acres are under 
water. Population, 2,286,622 ; the majority of whom are Pro- 
testants. The shores are mostly bold and rocky, and on the North 
and East are remarkable basaltic cliffs, including the Gaints Cause- 
way. The principal headlands are, Mahn, Teelin and Fair Heads ; 
and inlets, Donegal bay on^the West, Loughs Swilly and Foyle on the 
North, and Belfast Lough and Dundrum bay on the East. Surface 
diversified and mountainous m the West, several summits rising to 
the height of 2,000 feet. The large lakes called Loughs, Neagh, 
Strangf ord and Erne, and the Bann, Foyle and Erne rivers, and some 
tributaries of the Shannon river, are in this province, and it is tra- 
versed by the Ulster Canal, 24 miles in length connecting Loughs 
Neagh and Erne. This province is the headquarters of the Irish 
Linen manufacture, and of other branches of manufacturing in- 
dustry having their chief seat at Belfast. The annual value of 
Linens made is estimated at £5,000,000 and the manufacturers em- 
ploy upward of 300,000 hands. I'he province is divided into the 
Counties, Donegal, Londonderry, Antrim, Down, Armagh, Cavan, 
Monaghan, Tyrone and Fermanagh. 



144 



URLINGFOED.— Is a market town and parish of County Kil- 
kenny, Leinster, 15 miles West Northwest of KiUvenny. Area, 
3,498 acres. Population, 2,830 ; of town, 1,742. It is neatly built. 
It has two Schools, a Bridewell and ruins of an old Castle. 

UliNEY. — Is a parish of County Tyrone, Ulster. Area, 14,489 
acres. Population, 7,602. It comprises a small part of the town 
of Strabane. It is also the name of a parish of County Cavan, 
Ulster. Area, 7,935 acres. Population, 0,454. It comprises the 
town of Cavan. 

VENTRY. — Is a maritime parish of County Kerry, Munster, 4 
miles AVest Southwest of Dingle. Area, 4,439 acres. Population^ 
2,420. The harbor of Ventry, which affords good anchorage, is 
divided from that of Dingle by a narrow isthmus, on which are 
several Danish Entrenchments, said to have been the last Danish 
Military Post in Ireland. 

VILLIERSTOWN.— Is a chapelry and village of County Water- 
ford, Munster, 9^- miles North of Youghal. Population, 328. 

AilNEGAR-HILL.— Is in County Wexford, Leinster, East of 
Enniscorthy. It was, in 1798, the headquarters and scene of many 
of the atrocities of the Irish Insurgent forces. 

VIRGINIA. — Is a small market town of County Cavan, Ulster, 
15 miles Southeast of Cavan. 

WARINGSTOWN.— Is a market town of County Down, Ulster, 
Oi miles East of Portadown. Population, 825. It has large Cam- 
bric and Linen Manufactories. 

WARRENPOINT.—Is a market town and parish of County 
Down, Ulster, at the mouth of the Newry river in Lough Carling- 
ford, miles Southeast of Newry. Area of parish, 1,178 acres. 
Population, 2,045 ; of town, 1,540. It is clean and well built. 
It is much resorted to for sea-bathing. 

WATERFORD. — Is a maritime County of Munster ; having 
Waterford harbor on the East, County Cork on the West, and 
Counties, Tipperary and Kilkenny on the North, from which it is 
separated by the Suir river. Area, 461,553 acres ; of which 
1 05,490 acres are waste. Population in 1851, 104,051. Surface 
is generally mountainous. The Knockmeledown and Cummeragh 
mountains intersect the County from West to East, and rise in 
some places to the height of 2,000 feet. The land is level and line 
along the Suir river in the North aud East, and the Blackwater 
and Bride rivers in the West, and skirting the coast, which is 

145 



indented by Tramore, Dungarvon and Youglial harbors. Agricul- 
ture is improving. Average rent of land, l"2s. Gd. per acre. The 
Fisheries are important. It has a few small manufactories. The 
County is divided into 7 baronies and 82 parishes in the dioceses 
of Waterford and Lismore, which, with Dungarvon, Portlaw, Tal- 
low and Cappoquin, are the principal towais. The County sends 
two members to the House of Commons. 

WATERFORD. — Is a city and County, parliamentary borough 
and seaport of County Waterford, Munster, on the Suir river, 29 
miles South Southeast of Kilkenny and 85 miles South Southwest 
of Dublin. Area of borough, 10,059 acres. Population 29,283 ; 
of whom 24,783 are in the city. It is generally poorly built but 
has some handsome streets. Its quay and harbor are the finest in 
Ireland. It contains many handsome edifices, among which are, 
the Cathedral, Bishops Palace, Roman Catholic Cathedral, 5 other 
Churches, College of St. John, Town ' HaU, County and City 
Prisons, St. Reginald's Tower on the quay, an Ancient Fortress, 
(now a Police Barrack,) and several Hospitals, Schools, etc. Vessels 
of 800 tons can load and unload at -quay. Waterford is the 
entrepot for a large extent of country, the exports of which are 
valued at two millions sterling annually. Markets, four times weekly. 
This city sends two member^ to the House of Commons and gives 
the title of Marquis to the head of the Beresford family, whose 
magnificent 'seat, Curraghmore, is in the vicinity, the demesne com- 
prising 4,600 acres, traversed by the Clyde, and finely wooded. 

WATERGRASS-HILL.— Is a market town of County Cork, 
Munster, 10 miles Northeast of Cork. Population, 801. 

WATERSIDE. — Is a small town of County Londonderrry, 
Ulster, on the Foyle river. Population, 6G6. 

AVEHBURGH. — (St.) Is a parish of County Dublin, Leinster. 
Area, 17 acres. Population, 2,969. It is comprised in the city of 
Dublin. 

WESTMEATH.— Is an inland County of Leinster; having 
as a boundary, the Counties, Longford, Meath, Kings and Ros- 
common. Area, 453,468 acres ; of which 56,392 acres are uncul- 
tivated. Population in 1851, 111,409. Surface undulating, diver- 
sified with woods, loughs and bogs. Soil fertile and well watered 
by the Shannon, Inny and Brosna rivers, and Loughs, Dereveragh, 
Ennel, Owhel, Lane, Iron, Sheelin, etc. Agriculture is increasing, 
the principal crops being Potatoes, Oats and Wheat. The Royal 

146 



Canal intersects the County, and a branch of the Grand Canal 
runs to Kilbeggan. This County is subdivided into 12 baronies 
and G3 parishes, chiefly in the diocese of Meath. The principal 
towns are Mullingar, Moat and a part of Athlone. It sends tv;o 
members to the House of Commons. It gives the title of Marquis 
to the Nugent family. 

WESTPORT.— Is a seaport town of County Mayo, Connaught, 
near Clew bay, 10 miles Southwest of Castlebar. Population, 
4,3G5. It is one of the neatest towns in Ireland, and was well laid 
out by the first Marquis of Sligo. In its centre is a handsome 
space termed the MaU, from which the principal streets diverge at 
right angles. It has a parish Church, large Eoman Catholic Chapel, 
Linen Hall, C-ourt and Market Houses, etc. The Linen trade is 
large and it has an active export^trade. It gives the title of Vis- 
count to the Marquis of Sligo, whose beautiful domain adjoins the 
town on the West ; and besides which, the Reek, a mountain 
celebrated in the legendary history of Ireland, is in its vicinity. 

WESTPORT QUAY.— Its port, 1 mile West, is at the Southeast 
extremity of Clew Bay termed Westport bay. Population, 547. 
It has a fishery and several coast guard stations. 

WEXEORD. — Is a maritime County of Leinster ; having the 
Irsh Sea and St. George's channel on the East and South, and on 
the other sides the Counties, Kilkenny, Carlow, Wicklow and 
Waterford. Area, 576,558 acres ; of which 45,500 acres are un- 
cultivated. Population in 1851, 180,154. Surface is mountainous 
in the Northwest, and declines to a level plain along the coast. 
Soil generally fertile, being watered by the Slaney river. The 
barony of Forth in the Southwest is occupied by decendants of a 
Welsh colony nnd is peculiarly well cultivated. Fisheries impor- 
tant. The principal towns are, Wexford, Enniscorthy, New Ross, 
Gorey and Newtownbarry. The County is subdivided into 9 
baronies and 144 parishes in the dioceses of Ferns and Dubhn. It 
sends two members to the House of Commons. 

WEXFORD.— Is a parhamentary and municipal borough, sea- 
port town and capital of County Wexford, Leinster, on the right 
bank of the Slaney river, where it expands into Wexford harbor, 
12 miles South of Enniscorthy, and 64 miles Southwes-t of Dublin, 
Area of borough, 762 acres. Population in 1851, 12,471. It is 
poorly built, but the Quay and one or two other streets are lined 
with good buildings. There are some remains of ancient walls, 



147 



of an Abbey, and other Ecclesiastical edifices ; outside of the town 
is a fine granite Column, in memory of the exploits in Egypt by 
the army under Abercrombie. Wexford has Protestant, Diocesan 
and other Schools, Chamber of Commerce, etc. It sends one mem- 
ber to the House of Commons. 

WHIDDY ISLAND.— Is an island off the coast of County 
Cork, Munster, in Bantry bay, near its head, 3 miles in length. On 
it are a coast-guard station and several Forfcs for the dofenso of 
Gantry harbor. Population, 450. 

WHITECHURCH. — There numerous parishes by this name, as 
follows, viz : County Waterford, Munster, 5 miles West Northwest 
of Dungarvon. Area, 9,952 acres. Population, 3,403 ; County 
Cork, Munster, 5^ miles North Northwest of Cork. Area, 10,515 
acres. Population, 3,368 ; or (Glynn,) County Wexford, Leinster, 
2i miles Northeast of Taghmon. Area, 7,188 acres. Population, 
1,960 ; County Wexford, Leinster, 5 miles Southwest of New Eoss. 
Area, 5,342 acres. Population, 1,384 ; County Dublin, Leinster, 
li" miles South of Kathfarnham. Area, 2,873 acres. Population. 
13,075 ; County Tipperary, Munster, 3 miles Southwest of Cahir. 
Area, 3,922 acres. Population, 1,274 ; County Kilkenny, Leinster, 
2 miles Northwest of Pilltown. Area, 2,187 acres. Population, 
837; County Kildare, Leinster, 2i miles North of Kill. Area, 
3,166 acres. Population, 320. 

WICKLOW. — Is a maritime County of Leinster ; having the 
Irish sea on the East, and the Counties, Dublin, Kilda're, Carlow 
and AVexford on the North, West and South. Area, 500,178 acres ; 
o»f which 200,745 acres are uncultivated. Population in 1851, 
98,97^. Surface is precipitous. Soil fertile in the lowlind, and 
watered by the Liffey and Slaney rivers in the West, and the Ovoca 
and Vartrey rivers in the East, all of which rise in the County. 
The principal crops are Oats and Potatoes. From 10,000 to 
12,000 tons of Copper Ore, and from 1,400 to 3,800 tons of Lead 
are produced Annually ; large quantities of Sulphuret of Iron and 
some Gold are met with. The manufactories have declined. Its 
principal seat is Stratford on-Slaney. Wicklow, Arklow and Bray 
are the principal towns. This County sends one member to the 
House of Commons. At Glandalagh, or Glandalough, formerly 
an Episcopal See in this County, is one of the finest collection 
of ruins in the United Kingdom, termed the Seven Churches. 

WICKLOW. — Is u seaport town and capital of County Wicklow, 

148 



Leinster, at the mouth of the Vartrey, 27 miles Southeast of Dub- 
lin. PojDulatioii, 2,794. It is resorted to for sea-bathing. It has 
some ini2)ortant trade, and exports Copper Ore and Corn. The 
harbor is shallow. Races are held here Annually. It gives the 
titles of Earl and Viscount to the Howard family. 

WICKLOW HEAD.— Is about 2i miles East Southeast of 
AVicklow, and is surmounted by two Light-Houses, respectively 
540 and 250 feet in height. Latitude, 52« 57' 9" North. Long- 
itude, 6« West. 

YOUGHAL. — Is a parliamentary and municipal borough, sea- 
port town and parish of County Cork, Munster, 27 miles East of 
Cork, on the West side of the estuary of the Blackwater river, which 
forms its harbor. Area of parish, 4,830 acres. Poi^ulation, 12,054. 
Area of parliamentary borough, 341 acres. Population in 1851, 
7,410. It stands at the foot of a steep height, and was formerly 
enclosed by w^alls flanked with towers ; parts of which remain and 
outside of which are some poor suburbs. The town is antiquated 
and its main street is crossed by an old archway, beside which its 
cliief structures are the large Gothic parish Church, (containing the 
tomb of the great Earl of Cork and near it the ruins of an Abbey,) 
Chapel of Ease, Roman Catholic and other Chapels, Town House, 
Court House, Custom House, etc. ; and the House of Sir Walter 
Raleigh, which is preserved nearly entire. It has an active trade 
in rural produce. It has some Potteries, Brickworks, etc., and 
a valuable Salmon Fishery. It sends one member to the House 
of Commons. This is believed to be the spot where Sir Walter 
Raleigh first introduced the culture of the potatoe into Ireland. 

YOUGHLARRA.. — Is a parish of County Tipperary, Munster, 
5 miles West Northwest of Nenagh. Area, 8,356 acres. Popu- 
lation, 3,321. It contains a hamlet named Youghal, and the 
remains of several Feudal and Ecclesiastical edifices. * 



ROUND TOWERS IN IRELAND. 



Name. 


■ ^ 

County. 


Name. 


County. 


Aghadoe, 


Kerry. 


Kilcullen, 


Kildare. 


Aghagower, 


Mayo. 


Kildare, 


Kildare. 


Antrim, 


Antrim. 


Kilkenny, 


Kilkenny. 


Ardfert, 


Kerry. 


Killala, 


Mayo. 


Ardmore, 


Waterford. 


Kilmacduagh, 


Galway. 


Ballagh, 


Mayo. 


Kineth, 


Cork. 


Ball, 


Sligo. 


Kilree, 


Kilkenny. 


BaUygaddy, 


Galway. 


Limerick, 


Limerick. 


Boyle, 


Roscommon. 


Lusk, 


Dublm. 


Brigoon, 


Cork. 


Mahera, 


Down. 


Ballynerk, 


Cork. 


Melic, 


Galway. 


Cailtre-Isle, 


Clare. 


St. Michael, 


Dublin. 


Cashel, 


Tipper ary. 


Moat, 


Sligo. 


Castledermot, 


Kildare. 


Mouasterboice, 


Louth. 


Clonda,lkin, 


Dublin. 


Newcastle, 


Mayo. 


Clones, 


Monaglian. 


Nohovel, 


Cork. 


Clonmacnois, 


Westmeatli. 


Oran, 


Roscommon. 


Cloyne, 


Cork. 


Ougliterard, 


Kildare. 


Cork, 


Cork 


Bam Isle, 


Antrim. 


Devenish, 


Fermanagh. 


Rathmicliael, 


Dublin. 


Donoglimore, 


Meath. 


Eattoo, 


Kerry. 


Downpatrick, 


Down. 


Roscrea, two. 


Tipperary. 


Drumboe, 


Down. 


Scattery, 


Clare. 


Drumcliff, 


Sligo. 


Sligo, two. 


Sligo. 


Drumiskin, 


Louth. 


Swords, 


Dubhn. 


Drumlahan, 


Cavan. 


Teghadon, 


Kildare. 


Dyfart, 


Queens. 


Timahoe, 


Queens. 


Ferbene, two, 


Kings. 


Tulloherin, 


Kilkenny. 


Fertagh, 


Kilkenny. 


■ Turlogh, 


Mayo. 


Glondaloch, two, 


Wicklow. 


West Carbury, 


Cork. 


Kilberman, 


Galway. 







DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL 



ROUND TOWERS IN IRELAND 



Name. 



Cloyne, 

Fci'tao-h, - 

KilcuUen, 

Kilmacduagli, 

Tegliadow, - 

Downpatrick, 

Devenish, 

IMonasterboice, 

Timalioe, 

Kildare, - 

Ougliterard, 

Casliel, 

Swords, 

Ab erne thy, 

Brechiu, - 

Druiiiskin, 

Kenith, - 

KeUs, - 



Height. 

Feet. 

92 
112 

- 40 
110 

71 

- QG 
76 

110 

- 35 
110 

- 25 
55 

- 95 

- 57 
85 

- 130 

70 
99 



Circum- 
ference. 
Feet. 

50 

48 

44 

57 

38 

47 

41 

51 

53 

54 

48 

54 

55 

49 . 

51 



Thickness of 

Walls. 
Feet. Inches. 



Door from the 
Ground. 
Feet. Inch. 



13 
10 
7 
24 
11 



6 
14 
13 

8 
11 

2 

8 



It is remarked that almost all the Kound Towers are divided 
into stories of different heights, the floors supported in some by 
projecting stones, in others by joists put in the wall at building, 
and in many they were placed upon rests ; the latter are from four 
to six inches, carried round and taken off the tliickness of the waU 
in the story above. And I conjecture these rests diminish the 
thickness of the wall. Although some of our writers on Ireland 
say that a great number of these towers are thicker at the top than 
at the base. Some of our towers seem thicker at top, but that is 
from a swelling in the walls, which rather adds to the thickness. 

Cashel Tower is divided into five stories, with holes for joists ; 
Tertagh has five stories aud one rest ; KilcuUen has three stories 



and one rest ; Kildare lips six stories, and projecting stones for 
eacli ; Oughterard has five stories, and projecting stones ; Tegha- 
dow has six stories ; Monasterboice has six stories and projecting 
stones ; Timahoe has five stories. The door of Cashel Tower faces 
Southeast ; those of Kilkenny and Kildore South, and the others 
vary. Kenith Tower stands 124 feet high ; Drumboe 20 feet high ; 
Downpatrick 48 feet high ; Kildare 90 feet high ; Monaghan Tower 
is 60 feet high and 15 feet in diameter ; the door 5 feet high by 2 
feet wide ; Mayo Tower is 84 feet high, 51 iect in circumference, 
the door plain, and 5h feet high by 22- feet wide. This is the 
most prominent List of the Bound Towers in Ireland, and the 
most worthy of notice. 




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